浏阳市农村居民高血压患病危险因素及其交互作用分析

目的研究农村地区居民高血压患病的危险因素。方法采用以人群为基础的病例-对照研究方法。首先运用整群随机抽样法在浏阳市选取3个乡镇的全部居民进行入户调查。然后随机选取普查发现的高血压患者作为病例组,同时选取与病例组在性别和年龄构成上相似,但未患高血压的健康人群为对照组进行研究。应用Logistic回归研究危险因素的独立效应,应用相加模型研究危险因素间的交互作用。结果本研究实际有效调查病例组218例,对照组182例。发现湖南浏阳市农村地区高血压的主要危险因素有超重(OR=4.048)及肥胖(OR=6.476)、向心性肥胖(OR=2.632)、高血压家族史(OR=2.527)。在对混杂因素进行调整后,家族史与超重肥胖及向心性肥胖之间的交互作用的超额相对危险度(RERI)、交互作用归因比(API)及交互作用指数S分别为3.268和0.569、48.365%和14.880%、2.313和1.249。结论湖南浏阳市农村地区居民高血压的发生可能主要与超重及肥胖、向心性肥胖、高血压家族史有关。家族史与超重肥胖及向心性肥胖在高血压的致病中存在较明显的正交互作用。     

生物燃料烟雾暴露与中国居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病关系meta分析

目的探讨生物燃料烟雾暴露与中国居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)发生的关系,为COPD的预防控制提供参考依据。方法检索中国知网数据库、万方数据知识服务平台、维普中文期刊数据库、Pub Med数据库、Science Direct数据库,并辅以手工检索和文献追溯法收集1990年1月—2015年12月公开发表的关于生物燃料烟雾暴露与中国居民COPD的相关文献;采用Stata 11.0软件对纳入的文献进行meta分析。结果最终纳入25篇文献(中文文献22篇和英文文献3篇),所有文献质量评分均≥6分;其中,横断面研究16篇,累积样本量为56 801人,病例对照研究9篇,累计病例组和对照组样本量分别为2 149例和2 757人;横断面研究meta分析结果显示,生物燃料烟雾暴露者发生COPD的风险为非生物燃料烟雾暴露者的1.94倍(OR=1.94,95%CI=1.49~2.53);病例对照研究meta分析结果显示,生物燃料烟雾暴露者发生COPD的风险为非生物燃料烟雾暴露者的2.66倍(OR=2.66,95%CI=1.75~4.04);亚组分析结果显示,仅男性、仅农村、做饭+取暖生物燃料使用方式、调整其他因素、样本量3 000人的横断面研究暴露于生物燃料烟雾者发生COPD的风险较大(均P0.01),医院病例来源、其他对照来源、暴露分组方式按烧煤烧柴指数高低、调整其他因素、1:1病例对照研究设计类型的病例对照研究暴露于生物燃料烟雾者发生COPD的风险较大(均P0.01);敏感性分析和发表偏倚检测结果显示,本次横断面研究和病例对照研究meta分析结果均稳定,且均不存在发表偏倚(Z=1.40、0.52,均P0.05)。结论生物燃料烟雾暴露是中国居民COPD的危险因素。     

CYP2E1基因多态性与环境因素在胃癌发生中的交互作用

目的探讨CYP2E1基因多态性与环境因素在胃癌发生中的交互作用.方法采用1:1配对病例-对照研究方法,2003-2004年对南京地区121例原发性胃癌病例进行环境危险因素调查,并对CYP2E1基因多态性进行分析,筛选胃癌发生的环境及遗传危险因素,根据交互作用系数(γ,γ=βeg/βe)判断交互作用存在与否以及不同的基因-环境作用类型.结果CYP2E1 RsaⅠ基因多态性与消化系统疾病家族史、吸烟、食用腌制食品、三餐不定时等4项环境危险因素间存在一定的交互作用,交互作用系数分别为1.855、2.626、1.736、1.714;CYP2E1 RsaⅠ基因多态性与食用腌制食品及三餐不定时间的交互作用分别呈现低暴露-基因效应(low exposure-gene effect,LEG效应)、高暴露-基因效应(high exposure-gene effect,HEG效应).结论胃癌的发生是环境及遗传危险因素综合作用的结果.CYP2E1基因多态性与环境危险因素的暴露在胃癌发生中存在一定的交互作用.     

哈萨克族食管癌与HLA-DR9等位基因关系

目的 探讨人类白细胞抗原DR9(HLA-DR9)等位基因与新疆哈萨克族食管癌的相关性.方法 采用1:2成组匹配病例对照研究,共收集哈萨克族食癌新发病例170例,对照340人,进行问卷调查,并采静脉血3 mL检测HLA-DR9等位基因频率;采用Logistic回归模型及交互作用进行统计分析.结果 病例组和对照组HLA-DR9等位基因频率分别为22.9%,9.1%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=18.29,P=0.000,OR=2.97);病例组和对照组有食管或胃病变史分别占26.5%,12.9%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.40,P=0.000,OR=2.42);病例组和对照组有食管癌家族史者分别占18.20%,8.80%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.53,P=0.002,OR=2.31).Logistic回归分析及交互作用显示,HLA-DR9等位基因、食管或胃病变史以及食管癌家族史是哈萨克族食管癌的危险因素,且后2者均与HLA-DR9等位基因存在交互作用.结论 HLA-DR9等位基因为哈萨克族食管癌的易感基因,与食管或胃病变、食管癌家族史之间存在交互作用.     

血清中有机氯农药残留及谷胱甘肽转移酶T1基因多态性与乳腺癌关系的病例对照研究

目的 研究血清中有机氯农药水平及符胱甘肽转移酶T1(GSTT1)基因多态性对女性乳腺癌患病风险的交互作用.方法 运用1:1配比的病例对照研究方法 ,自2006年9月至2007年10月,收集经病理学确诊为乳腺癌的女性病例及对照共70对.采用问卷调查获取病例和对照乳腺癌相关危险因素的信息;采用气相色谱-电子捕获(GC-ECD)方法 检测血清中有机氯农药残留水平,用PCR检测GSTT1基因多态性,根据交互作用系数(γ=βeg/βe)判断交互作用存在与否以及不同的基因一环境作用类型.结果 GSTT1基因多态性与氯苯乙烷(DDT)及六氯环己烷(HCH)间存在一定的交互作用,交瓦作用系数分别为1.352、1.528,交互作用都表现为超相乘模型.结论 乳腺癌的发生是环境和遗传因素综合作用的结果 .GSTT1基因多态性与环境危险因素DDT/HCH的暴露在乳腺癌发生中存在一定的交互作用.     

基因多态性与室内污染在非小细胞肺癌发生中的交互作用

目的 探讨肺癌微粒体环氧化物水解酶(mEH)基因多态性与环境污染因素的交互作用对肺癌发生的形响.方法 采用PCR扩增、凝胶电泳对222例肺癌病例和222例健康对照进行基因型分析,非条件logistic回归模型估计比值比并计算交互作用系数.结果 病例组和对照组mEH-exon3突变型和杂合型阳性率差异有统计学意义(X2=7.046,P=0.030),而两组间mEH-exort4非野生型阳性率差异无统计学意义(X2=2.674,P=0.263),mEH-exon3突变型增加肺癌危险性(OR=1.99;95%CI:1.21～3.25).在调整混杂因素后,mEH-exon3和exon4非野生型基因与冬季煤炉火墙取暖在肺癌发生中存在明显交互作用,交互作用系数随煤炉火墙取暖使用年限和终生用煤量增加而增加;非野生型 exon3 和 exon4 与暴露煤烟或油烟的交互作用均属超相乘模型,交互作用系数分别为2.75和7.34;而与做饭时经常有眼睛或咽喉有刺激感不存在交互作用.结论 非野生型 mEH 基因与室内空气污染因素之间的交互作用在肺癌发生中起重要作用.     

唐山市农村地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病危险因素病例对照研究

目的 分析唐山市农村地区慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的危险因素.方法 以唐山市农村地区40岁以上人群COPD流行病学调查中确诊的190例(男120例、女70例)患者作为病例组,按性别相同、年龄±5岁的条件从每位患者的邻居中选取两名健康者作为对照组(男240例、女140例),进行1:2匹配的病例对照研究,应用条件Logistic回归进行危险因素分析.结果 单因素分析结果显示,职业性粉尘或化学物质暴露(OR=4.738,95%CI:3.045～7.371)、吸烟(OR=3.973,95%CI:2.749～5.742)、吸烟指数(OR=3.751,95%CI:2.602～5.407)、低体重(OR=2.785,95%CI:2.018～3.844)和呼吸疾病家族史(OR=2.231,95%CI:1.434～3.472)与COPD的关联具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).多因素分析结果显示,职业性粉尘或化学物质暴露(OR=4.997,95%CI:3.033～8.234)、吸烟(OR=3.311,95%CI:1.175～9.327)、低体重(OR=2.479,95%CI:1.732～3.547)和呼吸疾病家族史(OR=2.217,95%CI:1.311～3.750)为COPD的危险因素(P＜0.05).结论 职业性粉尘或化学物质暴露、吸烟、低体重和呼吸疾病家族史是唐山市农村地区人群患COPD的危险因素.     

Association between Genetic Polymorphisms of N-acetyltransferase 2, Environmental Factors and Female Breast Cancer

目的 分析N-乙酰基转移酶-2( NAT2)基因多态性和环境因素与女性乳腺癌的关系.方法 采用以医院为基础的1:1配对的病例-对照研究,收集唐山市原发性乳腺癌新发女性患者48例与相应非肿瘤患者48例.以问卷调查收集各研究对象的饮食习惯和生活方式、生理生育、环境暴露和职业接触、既往病史、心理等信息.采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测NAT2的野生型等位基因WT、突变型等位基因M1、M2和M3突变频率,分析NAT2基因多态性和环境危险因素与女性乳腺癌的关系.结果 被动吸烟大于或等于10年(OR=3.957,95％CI:1.589～10.002)、居住地环境污染(OR=33.571,95％CI:4.270～263.967)、职业接触(OR=9.400,95％CI:1.127～78.405)、烹调时使用排油设备(OR=0.177,95％CI:0.060～0.529)、农药的使用(OR=28.200,95％CI:3.576～222.389)等是乳腺癌的环境危险因素.携带M2、M3等位基因可能是乳腺癌的危险因素,OR值分别为2.563(95％CI:1.155～5.707)和2.083(95％CI:1.068～4.062),而M1等位基因频率在病例组与对照组的分布差异无统计学意义(x2=0.447,P＞0.05).病例组与对照组突变杂合子基因型(WT/Mx)分布频率差异无统计学意义(x2=0.021,P＞0.05),而两组间突变纯合子(Mx/Mx)分布频率差异有统计学意义(OR=3.545,95％CI:1.141～11.015).慢乙酰化表型者患乳腺癌的风险是快乙酰化表型者的3.364倍(x2=7.599,P＜0.05).分层分析发现NAT2慢乙酰化表型与被动吸烟大于或等于10年存在交互作用(OR=9.917,95％CI:1.597～61.597).结论 NAT2基因多态性和部分环境危险因素与乳腺癌发病存在统计学关联.     

唐山地区女性乳腺癌环境危险因素的病例对照研究

[目的] 探讨唐山地区女性乳腺癌的环境危险因素. [方法]采用1∶1配比的病例对照研究,对经病理确诊的166例女性乳腺癌病人匹配对照后进行条件logistic回归分析.[结果]单因素分析显示:室内杀虫剂使用年限长、有机溶剂暴露年限长、农药暴露年限长、放射线检查次数多、体重指数高、精神刺激、行经年数长、流产次数多为危险因素;而水果、豆制品摄入次数和生育胎次多为保护因素.多因素分析显示:室内杀虫剂使用年限长(OR=1.747,95%CI:1.163～2.624,P=0.007)、有机溶剂暴露年限长(OR=2.221,95%CI:1.005～4.125,P=0.037)、体重指数高(OR=1.661,95%CI:1.110～2.486,P=0.014)、精神刺激(OR=1.923,95%CI:1.352～3.968,P=0.041)为危险因素;水果摄入次数多(OR=0.751,95%CI:0.591～0.954,P=0.019)、豆制品摄入次数多(OR=0.732,95%CI:0.570～0.939,P=0.014)和生育胎次多(OR=0.314,95%CI:0.129～0.766,P=0.011))为保护因素.市区组与县郊区组的环境危险因素存在一定差别.[结论]唐山地区女性乳腺癌危险因素中,室内杀虫剂使用、有机溶剂暴露、饮食因素等环境因素起着重要的作用.     

父源性影响因素及交互作用与子代先天性心脏病关系的初步研究

目的探讨父源性影响因素及其与家族史交互作用对子代先天性心脏病(简称先心病)风险的关系。方法采用以医院为基础的病例对照研究设计,按照标准选择144例先心病患儿为病例组,168例无先心病或其他畸形的就诊患儿为对照组,对其父母进行结构式问卷调查,采用单因素和多因素非条件logistic回归模型,进行影响因素关联强度及交互作用分析。结果病例组和对照组一般情况指标差异无统计学意义。阳性家族史是先心病的危险因素,OR=3.459(95%CI:1.819～6.579)。调整混杂因素后,筛选出3个父源性暴露因素与子代先心病有关联,分别是有害化学物接触、饮酒指数阳性、负性事件阳性,关联强度分别为OR=5.551(95%CI:2.023～15.232)、OR=3.522(95%CI:2.015～6.157)、OR=3.380(95%CI:1.838～6.219);先心病家族史与父亲有害化学物接触以及饮酒指数之间具有正相加交互作用,调整混杂因素前后,家族史与化学物接触的RERI为8.465、8.991,AP(AB)为34.56%、35.67%,AP*(AB)为36.29%、37.48%;与饮酒指数之间的RERI为7.113、7.832,AP(AB)为30.18%、32.07%,AP*(AB)为33.17%、33.89%。结论父源性危险因素可增加子代先心病发生的风险并与家族史具有协同作用。     

Lung cancer and indoor air pollution in rural china

PURPOSE: Indoor air pollution has been linked with lung cancer in China. In contrast to previous studies conducted in urban areas with high levels of industrial pollution, we undertook a lung cancer case-control study in a rural area of China, where residents live in underground dwellings. We evaluated the effects of radon, wood and coal combustion, cooking oil fumes, and environmental tobacco smoke on lung cancer risk.METHODS: We enrolled 886 lung cancer cases (656 males, 230 females) diagnosed between 1994-98, aged 30-75 years and 1765 frequency matched population-based controls from two prefectures in Gansu Province in Northwestern China. We conducted interviews with subjects or next of kin on smoking, housing characteristics, fuel use and cooking practices. Year-long radon detectors were placed in current and former homes of subjects.RESULTS: Subjects primarily used coal (22%), wood (56%) or a combination of both (22%) for heating. Odds Ratios (OR) for lung cancer rose with increasing percent of time that coal was used to heat homes over the past 30 years (ORs = 1.00, 1.17, 1.35, 1.23 compared to wood only, adjusted to smoking, P for trend = 0.025). Among non-smoking females and males, the OR for ever exposed to environmental tobacco smoke was 1.19, 95% CI = 0.7-2.0 with a significant trend for increasing years of exposure. Fumes from cooking with rapeseed oil increased the risk of lung cancer (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.0-2.5) among non-smoking women. Among these women, occasional and frequent eye and throat irritation during cooking appeared to be associated with increased risk of lung cancer (ORs = 1.00, 1.42, 2.28, p trend < 0.01), whereas, increasing level of smokiness during cooking did not appear to affect risk.CONCLUSIONS: There is a suggestion that coal used for heating, environmental tobacco smoke, and cooking oil fumes contribute to the risk of lung cancer in this rural area of China.     

非吸烟女性肺癌发病危险因素的Meta分析

目的：综合评价我国非吸烟女性肺癌发病的危险因素。方法：应用Meta分析方法对国内7篇有关非吸烟女性肺癌危险因素的病例对照研究进行定量综合分析,共累积病例1115例,对照1520例。统计处理采用Meta分析的随机效应模型。结果：肺部疾病史、家庭肺癌史、油烟污染、煤烟污染、被动吸烟等5个研究因素的合并比值比（OR值）分别是2.87、2.79、2.52、1.42和1.64进一步分层研究提示随着油烟污染程度的加重,其OR值也有明显的上升。结论：家庭肺癌史、肺部疾病史、油烟污染、煤烟污染等因素可能与非吸烟女性肺癌的发生有关,被动吸烟的作用尚不能肯定。     

Indoor air pollution from coal combustion and the risk of neural tube defects in a rural population in Shanxi Province, China

The authors evaluated indoor air pollution from coal combustion (IAPCC) as a potential risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs) in a rural population in Shanxi Province, China. The studied rural population has both high IAPCC exposure and a high prevalence of NTDs. A population-based case-control study was used to identify 610 NTD cases and 837 normal controls between November 2002 and December 2007. Information was collected within 1 week following delivery or pregnancy termination due to prenatal NTD diagnosis. The authors derived an exposure index by integrating a series of IAPCC-related characteristics concerning dwelling and lifestyle. Compared with women with no IAPCC exposure, women with any exposure at all had a 60% increased risk of having a child with an NTD (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 2.1). An increased NTD risk was linked to both residential heating (adjusted OR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1, 2.4) and cooking (adjusted OR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1, 2.1). The risk increased with increases in the exposure index, showing a dose-response trend (P < 0.001). This is the first known study to link IAPCC to NTDs. Additional studies are needed to confirm the link between IAPCC and NTDs.     

Effect of indoor air pollution from biomass combustion on prevalence of asthma in the elderly

In this study I examined the effect of cooking smoke on the reported prevalence of asthma among elderly men and women greater than or equal to 60 years old). The analysis is based on 38,595 elderly persons included in India's second National Family Health Survey conducted in 1998-1999. Effects of exposure to cooking smoke, ascertained by type of fuel used for cooking (biomass fuels, cleaner fuels, or a mix of biomass and cleaner fuels), on the reported prevalence of asthma were estimated using logistic regression. Because the effects of cooking smoke are likely to be confounded with effects of age, tobacco smoking, education, living standard, and other such factors, the analysis was carried out after statistically controlling for such factors. Results indicate that elderly men and women living in households using biomass fuels have a significantly higher prevalence of asthma than do those living in households using cleaner fuels [odds ratio (OR) = 1.59; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.30-1.94], even after controlling for the effects of a number of potentially confounding factors. Active tobacco smoking was also associated with higher asthma prevalence in the elderly, but not environmental tobacco smoke. Availability of a separate kitchen in the house and a higher living standard of the household were associated with lower asthma prevalence. The adjusted effect of cooking smoke on asthma was greater among women (OR = 1.83; 95% CI, 1.32-2.53) than among men (OR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14-1.88). The findings have important program and policy implications for countries such as India, where large proportions of the population rely on polluting biomass fuels for cooking and space heating. More epidemiologic research with better measures of smoke exposure and clinical measures of asthma is needed to validate the findings.     

Risk factors for meningococcal meningitis in northern Ghana.

Meningococcal meningitis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa where it occurs in epidemics every 8-12 years. Risk factors for the disease in this setting remain largely unknown. We carried out a case-control study to investigate possible risk factors among survivors of a meningitis epidemic occurring in 1997 in northern Ghana. A structured questionnaire on socio-economic factors, housing and household overcrowding, smoking and exposure to smoke and close contact with a case was administered to 505 of the survivors and 505 of age-, sex- and location-matched controls. Cooking in kitchens with firewood stoves (OR 9.00, CI 1.25-395) and sharing a bedroom with a case (OR 2.18 CI 1.43-3.4) were found to be risk factors for disease. Socio-economic factors, overcrowding, smoking and passive exposure to tobacco smoke were not found to be risk factors. Exposure to smoke from cooking fires or close contact with a case puts people at risk of contracting meningococcal meningitis. In the hot dry months, exposure to smoke from cooking fires should be minimized by encouraging alternatives to cooking over wood fires, or cooking outside. If wood-burning stoves cannot be avoided, kitchens should be made larger with improved ventilation. Meningitis cases should be nursed in well-ventilated rooms and the number of people sharing a room with a case kept at a minimum.     

Exposure-response relationships between lifetime exposure to residential coal smoke and respiratory symptoms and illnesses in Chinese children

Data collected in a large epidemiologic study were analyzed to examine respiratory health effects of residential coal use in 7058 school children living in the four Chinese cities of Chongqing, Guangzhou, Lanzhou, and Wuhan. A Scenario Evaluation Approach was used to develop two exposure variables, heating coal smoke and cooking coal smoke. Estimated lifetime exposures to heating coal smoke and cooking coal smoke were both classified into four-level ordinal scales, as follows: no reported exposure (control); lightly exposed; moderately exposed; and heavily exposed. Zero-one dummy variables were constructed for each exposure level other than the control level (total six variables). These variables were entered into the analytical model. We tested for exposure-response relationships using logistic regression models, while controlling for other relevant covariates, including an indicator variable of ambient air pollution levels. We observed monotonic and positive exposure-response relationships of exposure to heating coal smoke with modeled odds ratios (ORs) of phlegm, cough with phlegm, and bronchitis. Other health outcomes were not associated with such exposure in a monotonic exposure-response pattern. However, ORs for cough, wheeze, and asthma were all higher in the exposed groups than in the control group. We observed no consistent associations between cooking coal smoke and the examined health outcomes. We conclude that exposure to heating coal smoke could have adverse effects on children's respiratory symptoms and illnesses in these four Chinese cities.     

中国人群肺癌发病危险因素的Meta分析

目的：探讨中国人群肺癌发生的主要危险因素，为预防决策提供依据。方法：利用Meta分析方法综合国内1990－2001年关于肺癌发病危险因素的研究文献41篇。累计病例5600例，对照6892例，结果：各因素合并比值比分别为：精神因素（3．34）、吸烟（3．04），室内煤烟污染（3．20）、室内油烟污染（2．72），肺癌家族史（2．61），饮食蔬菜摄入（0．49）、水果摄入（0．69），体重指数（1．57）、家族肿瘤史（2．97）、呼吸系统疾病史（2．66）、厨房通风情况（2．13），生活用煤（1．50）、被动吸烟（1．42），结论：目前影响中国人群肺癌发生的主要因素为精神因素，吸烟，室内环境污染，呼吸系统疾病及家族史，蔬菜和水果摄入量等。     

宁夏地区成人哮喘室内环境因素的病例对照研究

目的 探讨与成人哮喘有关的室内环境危险因素.方法 采用成组设计的病例对照流行病学研究方法,选择2004年7月-2006年5月在宁夏医学院附属医院与银川市医院呼吸科病房住院和门诊确诊的哮喘患者122例为病例组,选择两所医院附近的无过敏性疾病和呼吸疾病的社区居民205例为对照组.进行单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归模型分析.结果 单因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示有统计学意义(P＜0.05)的因素有:住房是平房,住房装修,在装修室内感到气短,床褥经常晾晒,厨房无排烟设备,排烟渠道通向墙内烟道,冬天用焦炭取暖,用柴草做饭.多因素非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,住房是平房、住房装修与哮喘的发生成正相关(P＜0.01),OR值分别为10.26,6.23.床褥经常晾晒是哮喘的保护因素(OR=0.27,P＜0.01).结论 室内环境因素与哮喘的发生密切相关.住房是平房、住房装修可能会增加患哮喘的危险性,床褥经常晾晒可降低哮喘的发生.     

过敏性鼻炎环境危险因素的病例-对照研究

目的 探索成人过敏性鼻炎的危险因素.方法 采用以医院病人为基础的病例-对照设计,于2004年4-10月在医院选取确诊的42例过敏性鼻炎病例(病例组)及57例非过敏性鼻炎病人(对照组),收集2组人群的一般社会人口学情况、疾病及健康状况、吸烟史、职业史、室内环境状况与家族史等信息,用χ2检验及非条件Logistic回归进行比较分析.结果 单因素及多因素分析均显示,过敏性鼻炎病例组的居室装修率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(多因素分析:OR=0.260,P＜0.05);两组在食用油的使用上,病例组的色拉油的使用率远高于对照组(多因素分析:OR=3.777,P＜0.05).另外单因素结果发现,过敏性鼻炎患者与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义的危险因素还有:职业粉尘接触率高(OR=3.379,P＜0.05);家族过敏史(OR=2.882,P＜0.05);居室养花的比例低(OR=0.405,P＜0.05).结论 家族过敏史、装修、食用油、养花、职业粉尘接触与过敏性鼻炎的发病有一定的统计学关联,提示过敏性鼻炎与某些环境危险因素和遗传因素均有密切联系,应进一步深入研究.     

非吸烟女性肺癌发病危险因素的Meta分析

目的：综合评价我国非吸烟女性肺癌发病的危险因素。方法：应用Meta分析方法对国内6个有关非吸烟女性肺癌危险因素的病例对照研究进行定量综合分析,共累积病例915例,对照1321例。统计处理采用Meta分析的随机效应模型。结果：肺部疾病史、家族肺癌史、油烟污染、煤烟污染、被动吸烟等5个研究 因素的合并OR值分别是2．87、2．79、2．51、1．42和1．29,进一步分层研究显示随着油烟污染程度的加重,其OR值也有明显的上升。结论：家族肺癌史、肺部疾病史、油烟污染、煤煨污染等因素可能与非吸烟女性肺癌的发生有关,被动吸烟的作用尚不能肯定。