人工全膝表面关节置换治疗骨性膝关节炎47例

目的　分析总结人工全膝表面关节置换治疗骨性膝关节炎的临床效果及经验。方法　对 4 7例 5 3膝的骨性膝关节炎病例行人工膝关节置换术 ,单膝关节置换 4 1例 ,双膝关节置换 6例 1 2膝。应用后方稳定型假体 2 1例 2 5个膝关节 ,保留后交叉韧带型假体 2 6例 2 8个膝关节。结果　 39例 4 5个膝关节获 1年以上随访 ,采用HSS评分标准 ,膝关节评分从术前 35分提高到术后 89分 ,术后 4 0个膝关节活动度≥ 90°,4 2 / 4 5膝关节术后膝关节力线正常 ,3例残留 5°～ 7°内翻。结论　人工全膝表面关节置换治疗骨性膝关节炎可取得良好效果。术中精确的截骨操作与正确的软组织松解获得的软组织平衡是手术治疗成功的关键。     

同期双侧人工全膝关节置换术治疗双膝骨性关节炎

严重骨性关节炎常常同时累及双侧膝关节,导致关节运动功能障碍、疼痛、畸形,严重影响患者的生活质量,需行全膝关节置换术(total kmee arthtoplasty,TKA)来解决膝关节疼痛和改善膝关节的功能.同期双侧全膝置换术可减少住院费用,缩短住院时间,减少麻醉风险,避免2次手术,并可获得满意的疗效,成为临床上治疗双膝关节骨性关节炎的方法之一[1-2].本科2001年5月～2009年10月行双膝关节置换术治疗严重膝关节骨性关节炎31例62膝,对术中、术后并发症及疗效进行总结,以期评价手术风险及疗效.     

类风湿性关节炎全膝关节置换的临床疗效观察

目的:观察人工全膝关节置换术治疗严重类风湿性关节炎的临床疗效.方法:我院2003年3月-2005年12月对11例严重类风湿关节炎患者行人工全膝关节置换术,平均随访13个月,按美国特种外科医院膝关节评分系统(HSS)进行疗效评定.结果:所有患者没有一例行翻修手术,X线显示所有置换假体植入位置满意,没有假体松动、移位现象出现.11个膝关节的术后情况比较满意.HSS评分平均指数从术前的41分提高到术后的90分.结论:人工全膝关节置换术可作为类风湿性关节炎患者保存关节功能,改善疼痛的一种有价值的治疗方法.     

膝关节镜联合玻璃酸钠治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的疗效观察

目的观察膝关节镜下清理术联合玻璃酸钠治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的疗效。方法对40例膝关节骨性关节炎应用膝关节镜下清理术联合玻璃酸钠治疗,观察总有效率及不良反应。结果 1个疗程治疗后,2例发生皮下出血,未行处理于1周后吸收。余均未出现其他不良反应。患者均获随访2个月,按照Lysholm膝关节功能评分标准:优良率90.00%(36/40)。结论膝关节镜下清理术联合玻璃酸钠治疗膝关节骨性关节炎,可有效改善膝关节功能、减轻疼痛、提高生活质量,值得临床推广。     

人工膝关节置换治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的股骨髁上骨折

股骨髁上骨折合并膝关节骨性关节炎采用常规切开复位内固定术后患者容易出现膝关节僵直,需再次行人工全膝关节置换术。2008年2月-2010年6月,我院应用特殊人工膝关节置换治疗2例膝关节骨性关节炎的股骨髁上骨折患者,疗效较好,报道如下。     

后方稳定型全膝人工关节置换术疗效随访分析

目的探讨后方稳定型全膝人工关节置换术(PSKA)治疗膝关节疾患的临床应用价值. 方法 1995年7月～2000年7月 ,共计PSKA (Insall-Burstein II)18例(19膝),男2 例(3膝),女16例(16膝),其中双侧 1例.年龄44～78岁,平均62.5岁.术前诊断膝关节骨性关节炎15膝,类风湿关节炎 4膝,伴有骨质缺损4膝.术前X线测量膝内翻畸形16膝,膝外翻畸形3膝,屈曲畸形8膝,, 有膝关节手术史2膝.17(18膝)例随访41～60个月,平均49个月.根据HSS膝关节百分评分系统进行评估. 结果术前平均62分,术后平均89分 ,活动范围(ROM)术前平均91°,术后平均115°,其中优11膝,良5膝,中1膝,差 1膝,手术优良率88.9%. 结论 PSKA可增加膝关节R OM和最大屈曲度,并限制其向后半脱位.它不但用于原发的膝关节疾病,还应用于膝关节翻修术的患者.髌骨并发症在PSKA最常见,应给予重视.     

人工全膝关节置换术的临床应用

目的：探讨人工全膝关节置换在临床应用的疗效。方法：1999年5月～2003年4月共有28例患者02膝）在我院行人工全膝关节置换术,其中男性10例,女性18例,年龄最大72岁,最小32岁（平均56．7岁）,晚期骨性关节炎16膝,类风湿性关节炎12膝,骨肿瘤2膝,创伤性关节炎2膝。术前膝关节平均活动度为52度,HSS评分平均为41分。术后平均随访时间为1年4个月。结果：28例32膝中有1例术后发生浅表感染,经换药后好转。其余患者疗效满意,膝关节平均活动度改善为85度,HSS评分平均为79．5分。结论：对于严重的骨性关节炎、类风湿性关节炎晚期、创伤性关节炎、膝部肿瘤等保守治疗无效的疾病人工全膝关节置换是一种较好的选择,但应严格掌握手术适应证和熟练的手术操作技巧才能取得满意的疗效。     

等离子微创关节镜在膝关节伤病治疗中的应用

目的探讨等离子微创关节镜手术在膝关节伤病治疗中的临床应用价值和疗效。方法2003年5月～2004年11月,应用等离子微创关节镜行膝关节伤病手术52例,其中膝关节骨性关节炎30例,半月板损伤10例,髌骨脱位5例,前交叉韧带松弛5例,类风湿性关节炎2例。病程1周～8年。按Lysholm膝关节功能评分标准,术前35.8±4.9分。结果术后52例获随访2～17个月,随访时膝关节功能评分为86.4±5.3分,较术前明显提高,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论等离子微创关节镜具有低温冷凝、皱缩、汽化、切割及止血等特点,使得手术操作简便易行,组织创伤小,副反应轻,利于早期功能恢复。     

医用臭氧与消炎镇痛液联合治疗膝关节骨性关节炎60例疗效观察

目的 探讨医用臭氧与消炎镇痛液联合治疗膝关节骨性关节炎临床疗效.方法 选择膝关节骨性关节炎患者60例,关节腔内均给予注射医用臭氧与消炎镇痛液.结果 优51例,85%;良7例,11.7%,总有效率96.7%;差2例,3.3%.结论 医用臭氧与消炎镇痛液联合应用是治疗老年退行性膝关节炎的有效方法,值得临床推广应用.     

人工膝关节置换术治疗重症膝关节疾病92例临床分析

目的探讨人工膝关节置换术(TKA)治疗重症膝关节疾病的临床疗效。方法1999年6月~2006年1月,对92例重症膝关节疾病(106膝)使用后稳定型TKA。其中10例(11膝)为类风湿性关节炎,2例(2膝)为创伤性关节炎,80例(93膝)为严重骨性关节炎,5例(5膝)合并外翻畸形,40例(50膝)并内翻畸形。所有患者进行10个月~6年(平均30个月)的随访,并应用HSS膝关节评分系统进行分析。结果手术优良率为94.2%,患者术后在疼痛、功能及关节活动度等方面都有明显改善,各种并发症的发生率低。结论TKA是治疗重症膝关节疾病的有效方法。     

Interleukin-16 in synovial fluids from cases of various types of arthritis

OBJECTIVES: To examine the characteristic relationship between interleukin-16 (IL-16) and clinical data in various types of arthritis. METHODS: We measured IL-16 levels of the synovial fluids (SF) of patients with various types of arthritis, which included rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic arthritis, pseudogouty arthritis, gouty arthritis, and osteoarthritis, by an enzyme immunosorbent assay, and examined their correlations with clinical parameters. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Higher levels of IL-16 in synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic arthritis, and pseudogouty arthritis, compared to those with osteoarthritis, and gouty arthritis were indicated. Also, synovial IL-16 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis correlated significantly, especially with synovial matrix metalloproteinase-3 levels. But the IL-16 levels of both synovial fluid and peripheral blood did not correlate with conventional inflammatory parameters such as C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or rheumatoid factor. Although the function of IL-16 in inflammatory arthritis has not yet been defined, these data indicated some essential features of IL-16.     

The clinical spectrum of psoriatic arthritis

Epidemiologic, clinical, radiologic and serologic evidence suggests that psoriatic arthritis is a specific entity and not the coincidental occurrence of 2 common diseases, psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Psoriatic arthritis may be defined as psoriasis associated with inflammatory arthritis (peripheral arthritis or spondylitis or both) and usually a negative serologic test for rheumatoid factor. Clinical characteristics of the disease include: almost equal distribution between males and females; peripheral arthritis involving only a few small joints in asymmetical fashion; involvement of distal interphalangeal joints; sausage digits; arthritis mutilans; ankylosing spondylitis; goutlike onset; and higher frequency of nail involvement than occurs in uncomplicated psoriasis. The rash may present with arthritis, or, equally, may precede or succeed joint involvement. With regard to pain and disability, the prognosis in psoriatic arthritis is better than in rheumatoid arthritis.     

Melioidotic septic arthritis and its risk factors

BACKGROUND: Melioidotic septic arthritis is an infection caused by the gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei. It is commonly found in Northeast Thailand. The goal of our study was to identify specific characteristics of patients with melioidotic septic arthritis by comparing them with patients with non-melioidotic septic arthritis and to describe the results of treatment of melioidotic septic arthritis. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of seventy-seven patients with septic arthritis who were treated in our hospital over a period of four years. Twenty-five of the patients had melioidotic septic arthritis, and fifty-two had non-melioidotic septic arthritis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors for melioidotic septic arthritis, and the clinical course of the twenty-five patients with melioidotic septic arthritis was followed until the infection resolved. RESULTS: Patients with melioidotic septic arthritis differed significantly (p = 0.002 ) from those with non-melioidotic septic arthritis with regard to the frequency of diabetes mellitus and of involvement of an upper-extremity joint. The odds ratio that melioidosis was the cause of the infection was 15.7 (95% confidence interval, 4.5 to 55.6) in a patient with diabetes mellitus and 4.51 (95% confidence interval, 1.04 to 19.65) in a patient with involvement of an upper-extremity joint. Twenty-two of the twenty-five patients with melioidotic septic arthritis responded to treatment, which consisted of six months of antibiotic therapy combined with needle aspiration, as well as surgical drainage of the affected joint when necessary (sixteen patients). CONCLUSIONS: A diagnosis of melioidotic septic arthritis should be considered when septic arthritis is seen in an individual who is indigenous to or has recently visited Southeast Asia. The infection is more likely to be melioidotic septic arthritis if it involves an upper-extremity joint and if the patient has diabetes mellitus.     

Non-infective inflammations of the vertebral spine

Non-infective inflammations of the vertebral spine can be caused by seronegative spondylarthropathies or rheumatoid arthritis, respectively. Seronegative spondylarthropathies include ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis, arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel diseases and undifferentiated arthritis. This review discusses etiology and pathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and differential diagnoses of these chronic inflammatory diseases with a special focus on vertebral involvement.     

Clinical significance of gelatinases in septic arthritis of native and replaced knees

We hypothesized that more gelatinases appear in effusions of septic arthritis than aseptic arthritis. This study examined the laboratory variables of inflammation and the levels of gelatinase A and B (matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9) in 75 effusions from the knees of 37 patients with inflammatory arthritis and compared them with effusions of septic and aseptic arthritis. Gelatin zymography revealed that the levels of the latent matrix metalloproteinase-9 were higher in 24 effusions of septic arthritis than in 51 effusions of aseptic arthritis. The latent matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels of septic arthritis also correlated with the neutrophil counts in effusions. Significantly more activated matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 appeared in effusions of septic arthritis in native and replaced knees than in effusions of aseptic arthritis. A high matrix metalloproteinase-9 level and the appearance of activated matrix metalloproteinases-2 and -9 may distinguish septic from aseptic arthritis, even in cases with a low neutrophil count in the replaced knee. Joint aspiration may not only reduce the bacteria counts, endotoxins, and proinflammatory cytokines, but also decrease the amount of matrix metalloproteinases in effusions that attack the extracellular matrix of native and artificial joints.     

Total knee replacement for patients with patellofemoral arthritis.

Fifty-three patients with incapacitating patellofemoral arthritis and minimal tibiofemoral changes underwent a total knee replacement. Their results were compared with the results of a concomitant series of patients with tricompartmental osteoarthritis. Preoperatively group of patients with patellofemoral arthritis had more individuals with a lateral patellar tilt and inability to climb stairs in a bipedal manner than in the group with tricompartmental arthritis. Furthermore, fewer patients in the group of patients with patellofemoral arthritis could rise independently from a chair than could those patients with tricompartmental arthritis. The mean followup period was 7.4 years. The rate of lateral parapatellar releases was three times greater in the patients with patellofemoral arthritis. The group of patients with patellofemoral arthritis had higher knee scores and a greater ability to climb stairs in a bipedal manner as compared with the patients with tricompartmental arthritis. Residual anterior knee pain was present in approximately 7% of patients in both groups. Total knee replacement resulted in better outcomes for older patients with patellofemoral arthritis as compared with patellofemoral replacement, debridement procedures, and patellectomy.     

Galectin-3: A key player in arthritis

Arthritis is more and more considered as the leading reason for the disability in the world, particularly regarding its main entities, rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. The common feature of arthritis is inflammation, which is mainly supported by synovitis (synovial inflammation), although the immune system plays a primary role in rheumatoid arthritis and a secondary one in osteoarthritis. During the inflammatory phase of arthritis, many pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators are secreted by infiltrating immune and resident joint cells, which are responsible for cartilage degradation and excessive bone remodeling. Amongst them, a β-galactoside-binding lectin, galectin-3, has been reported to be highly expressed and secreted by inflamed synovium of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis patients. Furthermore, galectin-3 has been demonstrated to induce joint swelling and osteoarthritis-like lesions after intra-articular injection in laboratory animals. However, the mechanisms underlying its pathophysiological role in arthritis have not been fully elucidated. This review deals with the characterization of arthritis features and galectin-3 and summarizes our current knowledge of the contribution of galectin-3 to joint tissue lesions in arthritis.     

Changes in cross-sectional geometry of the distal femoral metaphysis associated with inflammatory arthritis are reduced by a bisphosphonate (zoledronate).

An increased risk of fracture is a feature of rheumatoid arthritis and of animal models of inflammatory arthritis. We examined geometrical changes in the metaphyseal cortex of the distal femur in an animal model of inflammatory arthritis. Additionally, we examined the effect of a bisphosphonate in preventing these changes. Five groups of rabbits were studied: normal controls, those with inflammatory arthritis, and three groups with arthritis treated with bisphosphonate. To determine geometrical properties, image analysis was performed on digitized cross sections of the femoral metaphyseal cortices. The results demonstrated that the posterior cortical wall was significantly less thick in rabbits with arthritis than in normal rabbits and in the rabbits in the three bisphosphonate treatment groups (p < 0.05). Moment of inertia about the lateral-medial axis was reduced in rabbits with arthritis compared with normal rabbits (p < 0.05). Cross-sectional area was not significantly different between groups. The changes suggest a mechanism of weakening of bone in arthritis; when the results are coupled with results of previous porosity studies, severe directional weakness is apparent. Bisphosphonate was effective in preserving bone integrity in inflammatory arthritis.     

Performance of a new rapid diagnostic test the lactate/glucose ratio of synovial fluid for the diagnosis of septic arthritis

ObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of the synovial lactate, glucose and lactate/glucose ratio assay for the diagnosis of septic arthritis.MethodsIn this monocentric cross-sectional study, synovial fluids were prospectively obtained from patients with acute joint effusion (<30 days) on native joint. Septic arthritis was defined using Newman's criteria. To evaluate diagnostic performance, Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves with Area under the curve (AUC), Sensitivities (Se), Specificities (Sp), LR+ their 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Synovial fluid cultures with gram staining, crystal analyses, synovial fluid white blood cell counts (WBC), lactate and glucose assays were performed.ResultsA total of 233 synovial fluids were included. 25 patients had septic arthritis and 208 had non-septic arthritis (104 crystal-induced arthritis, 15 RA, 8 SpA, 6 reactive arthritis, and 75 acute arthritis of undifferentiated origin). Synovial lactate/glucose ratio performed higher than the synovial lactate or glucose assay separately (AUC: 0.859 [0.772–0.945]). Best synovial lactate/glucose ratio threshold to differentiate septic arthritis from non-septic arthritis was 5 Se 52% [0.34–0.7], Sp 98.1% [0.95–0.99], LR+ 27.0[9.50–76.00]).ConclusionThe diagnostic performance of synovial lactate/glucose allows septic arthritis to be effectively and very quickly distinguished from other types of arthritis.     

Rheumatoid subacromial-subdeltoid bursitis with rice bodies: A case report

Subacromial-subdeltoid bursitis of a shoulder with rice bodies is relatively uncommon. The understanding of the pathogenesis of rice body formation is yet approximate only but some clinical conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, tuberculous arthritis, seronegative inflammatory arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis are related to it. We describe a case of a 44 years old female with subacromial-subdeltoid bursitis of her right shoulder with numerous rice bodies’ formation as a presenting feature of rheumatoid arthritis. She underwent subacromial and subdeltoid bursectomy with the removal of rice bodies and had immediate improvement of symptoms.