成骨生长肽对MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖的影响及其可能机制

目的探讨成骨生长肽(osteogenic growth peptide,OGP)对MC3T3-E1成骨细胞的增殖的影响及其机制。方法常规培养小鼠成骨细胞MC3T3-E1,分为OGP高、中、低剂量组(1×10-8、1×10-10、1×10-12mol/L)以及对照组,利用MTT法检测OGP作用24 h、48 h以及72 h对MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖作用,利用免疫化学染色法检测成骨细胞I型胶原蛋白水平,ELISA法检测骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)含量。结果在24 h时,各剂量OGP对MC3T3-E1的增殖无影响;作用48、72 h,OGP 10-10mol/L以及OGP 1×10-8mol/L显著促进MC3T3-E1细胞增殖(P<0.05),其中OGP 1×10-8mol/L 48 h促进MC3T3-E1细胞增殖作用最强。作用24 h,各组成骨细胞I型胶原蛋白IOD值差异均无统计学意义;作用48 h,OGP 1×10-8mol/L组细胞I型胶原蛋白IOD值显著高于对照组(P<0.05);作用72 h,OGP 1×10-10mol/L组以及OGP 1×10-8mol/L组细胞I型胶原蛋白IOD值均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。作用24 h,各组成骨细胞OPN OD值差异均无统计学意义;作用48 h、72 h,OGP 1×10-10mol/L组以及OGP1×10-8mol/L组细胞OPN OD值显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 OGP能够明显促进MC3T3-E1成骨细胞的增殖,其可能的作用机制是增加成骨细胞I型胶原蛋白的表达以及OPN的表达,且其作用与浓度密切相关,在1×10-8mol/L时,其促成骨细胞增殖作用最强。     

地黄活性成分梓醇对小鼠成骨细胞MC3T3-E1增殖、分化和矿化的影响

目的检测地黄活性成分梓醇对成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1细胞增殖、分化和矿化的影响。方法制备不同浓度地黄活性成分梓醇提取液。以小鼠成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1作为药物筛选的细胞模型;用MTT法测定不同浓度的梓醇溶液的促细胞增殖作用;采用ALP活性和骨钙素定量检测分别观察不同浓度的梓醇溶液的促细胞分化作用;以Vonkos-sa钙化染色法了解不同浓度的梓醇溶液的促细胞钙化作用。结果梓醇在1×10-7～1×10-9mol·L-1浓度范围内培养24及48h促进成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1细胞增殖。梓醇在浓度1×10-5～1×10-6mol·L-148及72h提高成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1细胞内碱性磷酸酶的活性。梓醇在浓度1×10-5～1×10-6mol·L-1培养8及12d时能明显促进成骨细胞MC3T3-E1骨钙素合成和分泌。梓醇在浓度1×10-5～1×10-6mol·L-1培养19d时成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1细胞的矿化结节(mineralized bone nodular structure,MBNS)数目增多。结论梓醇可以提高成骨细胞株MC3T3-E1增殖和分化能力,梓醇可能是地黄治疗骨质疏松作用的活性成分之一。     

葛根素对MC3T3-E1细胞增殖、分化和矿化及TRPM3 mRNA表达的影响

目的观察葛根素对小鼠成骨细胞MC3T3-E1细胞增殖、分化和矿化及TRPM3 mRNA表达的影响。方法分别采用CCK-8法、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性、茜素红染色测定葛根素对MC3T3-E1细胞增殖、成骨分化、矿化作用的影响。流式细胞术检测葛根素对MC3T3-E1细胞周期及细胞内钙离子浓度的影响。RT-PCR检测葛根素对TRPM3基因m RNA表达的影响。结果 0.1、1、10μmol·L~(-1)葛根素能明显促进MC3T3-E1细胞增殖,使G1期细胞比例减少,G_2+S期细胞比例增加,其中0.1μmol·L~(-1)浓度效果最为明显;与正常对照组相比较,0.1μmol·L~(-1)葛根素组细胞的ALP活性和矿化结节面积均明显提高;0.1μmol·L~(-1)葛根素组细胞的TRPM3 m RNA表达水平和细胞内钙离子浓度明显降低。结论葛根素可促进MC3T3-E1细胞的增殖、分化和矿化,可降低TRPM3 mRNA表达水平和细胞内钙离子浓度。     

马卡列丙中1,6,8-三羟基-2,7-二甲氧基-3-甲基蒽醌对成骨细胞增殖、分化和矿化的影响

目的 探究马卡列丙中蒽醌类成分1,6,8-三羟基-2,7-二甲氧基-3-甲基蒽醌对成骨细胞增殖、分化和矿化的影响。方法 以MC3T3-E1成骨细胞作为对象研究，设立阴性对照组(二甲基亚砜)、阳性对照组(雌二醇)和药物组，采用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法检测不同质量浓度1,6,8-三羟基-2,7-二甲氧基-3-甲基蒽醌对MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖活性的影响，选出增殖活性最强的浓度进行后续研究，采用碱性磷酸酶染色法测定1,6,8-三羟基-2,7-二甲氧基-3-羟基蒽醌对MC3T3-E1成骨细胞的分化程度，茜素红染色评估1,6,8-三羟基2,7-二甲氧基-3-羟基蒽醌对MC3T3-E1成骨细胞矿化能力的影响。结果 药物组MC3T3-E1成骨细胞在1,6,8-三羟基-2,7-二甲氧基-3-甲基蒽醌质量浓度为100 nmol/L时增殖活性最高，选用质量浓度为100 nmol/L的1,6,8-三羟基-2,7-二甲氧基-3-甲基蒽醌能促进MC3T3-E1成骨细胞的分化和矿化。结论 1,6,8-三羟基-2,7-二甲氧基-3-甲基蒽醌能显著促进成骨细胞增殖、分化和矿化水平，为马卡列丙的促骨折愈合作用提供了理论...     

芫花素对于MC3T3-E1细胞向成骨细胞分化的影响

目的探索芫花素对于MC3T3-E1细胞向成骨细胞分化的影响。方法采用芫花素1、5、10、15μmol/L处理MC3T3-E1细胞14 d,采用MTS法检测芫花素对MC3T3-E1细胞增殖的抑制作用;实时定量PCR和Western blotting法检测测芫花素对MC3T3-E1细胞中ALP、HDAC1和Runx2 m RNA和蛋白表达的影响。结果芫花素5、10、15μmol/L可以显著促进MC3T3-E1细胞中ALP、Runx2 m RNA和蛋白表达水平的提高(P0.05),HDAC1 m RNA和蛋白表达水平的下调(P0.05),表明芫花素可以促进MC3T3-E1向成骨细胞分化。结论芫花素具有促进MC3T3-E1细胞可以促进成骨细胞分化,对成骨细胞的分化过程有一定的调节作用。     

异槲皮苷对MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖与分化的影响作用

目的研究异槲皮苷对体外培养MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖、分化的影响作用。方法以细胞矿化结节染色鉴定MC3T3-E1成骨细胞株骨矿化功能,以MTT法测定成骨细胞的增殖率,以试剂盒法测定细胞内碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性。结果在终浓度为1.08×10-6mol·L-1、1.08×10-7mol·L-1、1.08×10-8mol·L-1时,异槲皮苷能极显著促进MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖(P<0.01);终浓度为1.08×10-6mol·L-1时,异槲皮苷作用96h后能极显著提高细胞内ALP的活性(P<0.01)。结论一定浓度的异槲皮苷能够显著促进MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖和分化。     

他汀类药物对TNFa诱导成骨细胞生长抑制的保护作用

目的比较4种他汀类药物对TNF-诱导的小鼠成骨细胞(MC3T32-E1)生长抑制的影响。方法小鼠成骨细胞MC3T3-E1用DMEM+10%胎牛血清培养,细胞活性用MTT法测定。结果 TNFα(1~100 ng.mL 1)呈浓度和时间依赖抑制MC3T3-E1细胞生长;低浓度的辛伐他汀(10 10~10 7mol.L 1)、氟伐他汀(10 10~10 6mol.L 1)和阿托伐他汀(10 8~10 6mol.L 1)处理MC3T3-E1细胞72 h后能明显促进成骨细胞生长,而低浓度的罗舒伐他汀(10 10~10 7mol.L 1)无作用,在高浓度(10 6~10 5mol.L 1)时抑制MC3T3-E1的生长;用辛伐他汀、氟伐他汀和阿托伐他汀与TNF-α(10 ng.mL 1)共同培养MC3T3-E1细胞72 h,呈浓度依赖逆转TNF-α诱导的MC3T3-E1生长抑制,而罗舒伐他汀在低浓度时显示较强的逆转作用,在高浓度(10 6mol.L 1)时无作用或促进TNFα诱导的MC3T3-E1生长抑制。结论辛伐他汀、氟伐他汀和阿托伐他汀(10 10~10 7mol.L 1)能促进MC3T3-E1细胞生长,逆转TNFα诱导的MC3T3-E1生长抑制;而罗舒伐他汀高浓度(10 6~10 5mol.L 1)时抑制MC3T3-E1的生长,在低浓度时能明显逆转TNF-α诱导的成骨细胞生长抑制。     

白藜芦醇对LPS诱导的MC3T3-E1成骨细胞的骨保护作用

目的 探讨白藜芦醇对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的MC3T3-E1成骨细胞的骨保护作用.方法 采用CCK-8法检测白藜芦醇不同浓度下MC3T3-E1成骨细胞的细胞增殖活性,对硝基苯磷酸盐法检测白藜芦醇不同浓度下MC3T3-E1成骨细胞ALP活性.将MC3T3-E1成骨细胞分为空白组(基础培养基)、对照组(LPS 2 μg/mL)和实验组(LPS 2μg/mL+白藜芦醇20 μmol/L).采用qRT-PCR检测三组成骨相关基因Runx2、ALP、骨钙素(OCN)和骨桥蛋白(OPN)mRNA表达,Western blot法检测三组细胞沉默调节蛋白1(SIRT1)蛋白表达.结果 白藜芦醇20 μmol/L是MC3T3-E1成骨细胞最适成骨浓度(P＜0.05).与空白组比较,实验组成骨相关基因Runx2、ALP、OCN和OPN mRNA表达水平和SIRT1蛋白表达水平均降低(P＜0.05);与对照组相比,实验组成骨相关基因Runx2、ALP、OCN和OPN mRNA表达水平和SIRT1蛋白表达水平升高(P＜0.05).结论 白藜芦醇能够通过提高Runx2、ALP、OCN、OPN和SIRT1相关成骨因子的表达对LPS诱导的MC3T3-E1成骨细胞发挥骨保护作用.     

锁阳含药血清对MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖分化及矿化的影响

目的:研究锁阳含药血清对体外培养小鼠成骨细胞的增殖、分化以及矿化的影响。方法:小鼠灌胃14天后摘眼球取血制备含药血清,分别将10%浓度的各组含药血清及对照组血清(生理盐水组血清)分别加入细胞培养液中培养成骨细胞。采用CCK8法检测成骨细胞增殖能力,钙钴法检测其碱性磷酸酶活性,0.2%茜素红染色法观察成骨细胞钙化结节情况。结果:同一时间点,与生理盐水血清组比较,锁阳含药血清各组均能促进MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖,其中,锁阳含药血清中剂量组与高剂量组在三个时间点均能够显著促进细胞增殖(p0.01);锁阳含药血清能够增强MC3T3-E1成骨细胞分泌碱性磷酸酶(ALP),且有一定的浓度依赖性;随着锁阳含药血清浓度的增加,钙化结节数量也呈现增加的趋势。结论:锁阳含药血清能够促进MC3T3-E1成骨细胞增殖分化与矿化,且在一定浓度范围内,浓度越高,促进作用愈明显。     

鹿茸胶原酶解物对地塞米松诱导成骨细胞MC3T3-E1凋亡的保护作用

目的研究鹿茸胶原酶解物(VCH)作为治疗药物对地塞米松(DEX)所致MC3T3-E1细胞损伤的影响,探究VCH对糖皮质激素性骨质疏松的保护作用。方法分别用不同浓度的VCH处理成骨细胞MC3T3-E1,MTT法测定细胞活力,通过AnnexinⅤ-FITC/PI双染流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,实时PCR及Western印迹检测MC3T3-E1细胞分化相关因子的m RNA及蛋白表达水平。结果 VCH 0.3 g·L~(-1)作用于MC3T3-E1细胞48 h以后能显著促进MC3T3-E1细胞的增殖;VCH可促进骨细胞的活性,可上调成骨细胞分化的标志蛋白ALP的表达和转录,可明显减少DEX所诱导的MC3T3-E1细胞凋亡(P<0.05)。结论 VCH抑制糖皮质激素引起成骨细胞凋亡,促进骨形成,为骨质疏松症的防治提供理论依据。     

1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉的简易合成

目的制备1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉。方法以苯乙胺为原料,经酰化反应得乙酰苯乙胺,在多聚磷酸的作用下环合得1-甲基-3,4-二氢异喹啉,经硼氢化钠还原得1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉。结果反应总收率80%,比文献收率提高了10%,产物结构由1H-NMR光谱确证。结论经酰化、环合、还原三步反应制备1-甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉的方法简单,原料便宜,处理容易,副产物较少。     

Preclinical anxiolytic versus antipsychotic profiles of the 5-HT3 antagonists ondansetron,zacopride, 3α-tropanyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid ester,and 1αH, 3α, 5αH-tropan-3-yl-3,5-dichlorobenzoate

In preclinical studies, the behavioral effects of serotonin antagonists at 5-HT₃ receptor sites suggest potential efficacy in the treatment of anxiety and schizophrenia. The present study shows that 5-HT₃ antagonists were effective in disinhibiting behavior in non-conditioned rodent models which elicit a behavioral state presumed to be analogous to anxiety, but were generally not effective in conditioned rodent anxiety models or in assays that are traditionally predictive of antipsychotic agents. Ondansetron (0.01–0.1 mg/kg), zacopride (0.1–1.0 mg/kg), ICS 205–930 (3α-tropanyl-1H-indole-3-carboxylic acid ester; 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg), and MDL 72222 (1αH, 3α, 5αH-tropan-3-yl-3,5-dichlorobenzoate; 10.0 and 20.0 mg/kg) demonstrated anxiolytic effects in the social interaction and elevated plus maze procedures, while having little or no effect in a modified Cook and Davidson conflict procedure. Ondansetron, zacopride, and ICS 205–930 had no effect in neuroleptic screening procedures, such as the apomorphine climbing mouse assay (CMA), the pole climb avoidance (PCA) procedure, and the intracranial self-stimulation of the medial forebrain bundle (ICSS-MFB) assay. MDL 72222 had no effect on CMA but dose-dependently antagonized PCA (ED₅₀ = 10.9 mg/kg) and ICSS-MFB (ED₅₀ = 8.8 mg/kg). The results of the present study suggest that MDL 72222 possesses a profile of activity that is different from the other 5-HT₃ antagonists tested and that, in general, 5-HT₃ antagonists may prove to be efficacious in the treatment of certain forms of anxiety in man.     

Iminiumverbindungen gegen Bakterien und Pilze, 29. Mitt.: 3-Alkoxymethyl-1-ethyl-, 3-Alkylthiomethyl-1-ethyl-, 3-Alkoxymethyl-1-butyl- und 3-Alkylthiomethyl-1-butylbenzimidazolium-chloride

New Iminium Compounds against Bacteria and Fungi, XXIX: 3-Alkoxymethyl-1-ethyl-, 3-Alkylthiomethyl-1-ethyl-, 3-Alkoxymethyl-1-butyl- and 3-Alkylthiomethyl-1-butylbenzimidazolium Chlorides Syntheses and antimicrobial activity of 3-alkoxymethyl-1-ethyl-, 3-alkylthiomethyl-1-ethyl-, 3-alkoxymethyl-1-butyl-, and 3-alkylthiomethyl-1-butylbenzimidazolium chlorides are described. The compounds were obtained by reaction of 1-ethyl- or 1-butylbenzimidazole with chloromethylalkyl ethers or chloromethylalkyl sulfide. Antibacterial properties were tested on 13 strains of bacteria and fungi. 3-Dodecylthio-methyl-1-ethyl- benzimidazolium chloride exhibited the highest antibacterial activity.     

1,3-二苯-1,3-丙二酮对硫代乙酰胺致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:探讨1,3-二苯-1,3-丙二酮(DPPD)对硫代乙酰胺(TAA)致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法:雄性ICR小鼠共40只,随机分为正常组、模型组和DPPD低、中、高剂量组,DPPD组分别灌胃给予DPPD 250,500和1 000 mg·kg-1·d-1,qd,给药4 d,正常组和模型组给予生理氯化钠溶液。d 4给予DPPD 0．5 h后,模型组和DPPD组腹腔注射TAA 80 mg·kg-1,正常组不染毒。所有动物均在染毒TAA 24 h后处死。分离血清,测定血清中丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)的活性。留取部分肝组织用作常规病理切片检查;并取部分肝组织测定组织中还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)的含量。结果:与正常组比较,模型组小鼠血清ALT,AST,LDH和ALP活性均显著上升,GSH显著下降。与模型组比较,低、中、高剂量的DPPD组小鼠血清ALT,AST,LDH和ALP活性均显著降低,并呈剂量-依赖性,GSH显著上升。病理切片显示DPPD能够明显减轻TAA对肝组织的炎症性破坏。结论:DPPD对TAA引起的急性肝损害有一定的保护作用。     

Wirkung neuer Iminiumverbindungen gegen Bakterien und Pilze, 30. Mitt.: 3-Alkoxymethyl-1-hexyl-, 3-Alkylthiomethyl-1-hexyl-, 3-Alkoxymethyl-1-oktyl- und 3-Alkylthiomethyl-1-oktylbenzimidazoliumchloride

Activities of New Iminium Compounds on Bacteria and Fungi, XXX: 3-Alkoxymethyl-1-hexyl-, 3-Alkylthiomethyl-1-hexyl-, 3-Alkoxymethyl-1-octyl-, and 3-Alkylthiomethyl-1-octylbenzimidazolium Chlorides Syntheses and antimicrobial activity of the title compounds are described. They were obtained by reaction of 1-hexyl- or 1-octylbenzimidazole with chloromethylalkyl ether or chloromethylalkyl sulfide. The antibacterial properties were tested on 13 strains of bacteria and fungi. The best antibacterial activity was exhibited by chlorides with octylthiomethyl and decyl-oxymethyl groups.     

Differential interaction of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coa reductase inhibitors with ABCB1, ABCC2, and OATP1B1.

The present study examined the interaction of four 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (atorvastatin, lovastatin, and simvastatin in acid and lactone forms, and pravastatin in acid form only) with multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1, ABCB1) P-glycoprotein, multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2, ABCC2), and organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1B1 (OATP1B1, SLCO21A6). P-glycoprotein substrate assays were performed using Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells expressing MDR1, and the efflux ratios [the ratio of the ratio of basolateral-to-apical apparent permeability and apical-to-basolateral permeability between MDR1 and MDCK] were 1.87, 2.32/4.46, 2.17/3.17, and 0.93/2.00 for pravastatin, atorvastatin (lactone/acid), lovastatin (lactone/acid), and simvastatin (lactone/acid), respectively, indicating that these compounds are weak or moderate substrates of P-glycoprotein. In the inhibition assays (MDR1, MRP2, Mrp2, and OATP1B1), the IC50 values for efflux transporters (MDR1, MRP2, and Mrp2) were >100 microM for all statins in acid form except lovastatin acid (>33 microM), and the IC50 values were up to 10-fold lower for the corresponding lactone forms. In contrast, the IC50 values for the uptake transporter OATP1B1 were 3- to 7-fold lower for statins in the acid form compared with the corresponding lactone form. These data demonstrate that lactone and acid forms of statins exhibit differential substrate and inhibitor activities toward efflux and uptake transporters. The interconversion between the lactone and acid forms of most statins exists in the body and will potentially influence drug-transporter interactions, and may ultimately contribute to the differences in pharmacokinetic profiles observed between statins.     

Comparison of (1S,3R)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (1S,3R-ACPD)- and 1R,3S-ACPD-stimulated brain phosphoinositide hydrolysis.

(1S,3R)-1-Aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (1S,3R-ACPD) and (1R,3S)-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (1R,3S-ACPD) were characterized for potency, efficacy, and selectivity at metabotropic excitatory amino acid receptors. 1S,3R-ACPD stimulated [3H]phosphoinositide hydrolysis in slices of the neonatal and adult rat hippocampus with full efficacy and twice the potency relative to what has been shown for (+/-)-trans-ACPD. 1S,3R-ACPD was up to 30 times more potent in activating metabotropic excitatory amino acid receptors, compared to its affinity for [3H]CGS19755 binding to NMDA receptors. In contrast, 1R,3S-ACPD was much less potent, efficacious, and selective than 1S,3R-ACPD. Although 1S,3R-ACPD is not specific, it is a most selective and efficacious agonist at metabotropic excitatory amino acid receptors.     

(1S,2R,3R)-2-[(E)-3-氧代辛-1-烯基]-3-羟基-1-甲酯基环戊烷的合成

以四氢吡喃炔丙醇和１－溴－３－氯丙烷为原料经７步反应制备合成前列腺素Ｊ２的重要中间体，７－氰基－３，４－反－环氧庚－１－烯（９），并以９闭环合成（１Ｓ，２Ｒ，３Ｒ）－２－［（Ｅ）－３氧代辛－１－烯基］－３－羟基－１－甲酯基环戊烷（１６）。