安全护理理念在神经外科实习护生带教中的应用

目的 保证护生实施安全护理,防范护理风险.方法 加强带教管理;落实护生操作风险等级制度;认真执行各项制度,树立安全护理意识.结果 整组护生实习期间无差错、事故发生,我科带教老师的综合满意率均达98%以上.结论 选择优秀的带教老师,落实护生操作风险等级制度及树立护生安全护理意识,可促进护生安全护理.     

安全护理理念在神经外科实习护生带教中的应用

目的 保证护生实施安全护理,防范护理风险.方法 加强带教管理;落实护生操作风险等级制度;认真执行各项制度,树立安全护理意识.结果 整组护生实习期间无差错、事故发生,我科带教老师的综合满意率均达98%以上.结论 选择优秀的带教老师,落实护生操作风险等级制度及树立护生安全护理意识,可促进护生安全护理.     

临床护生对《护士条例》解读的分析及对策

Objective To understand the cognition level and attitude of the clinical student nurses to the knowledge of the law of nurses. Methods A questionnaire concerning the law of nurses knowledge was made and the questionnaires were distributed among the nurse students in a third grade hospital. Results The clinical nurse students of the knowledge of the law of nurses was moderate level according to the average score 5.779 among 182 student nurses. It had showed that high educational background students had more score. It was obviously different between junior nurses, intermediate nurses and senior nurses (P＜0.001 ) . The attitude of the clinical nurse students to the knowledge of the law of nurses also was evidently difference. 145 students (86.31%) considered the learning was necessary, 14 students (8.33%) had the opposite opinion. Conclusions It has been manifested that clinical teachers should use diversified way to improve the nurse students' cognition in order to have better basic in future clinical nursing work since their knowledge of the law of nurses is not so good.     

临床护生对《护士条例》解读的分析及对策

Objective To understand the cognition level and attitude of the clinical student nurses to the knowledge of the law of nurses. Methods A questionnaire concerning the law of nurses knowledge was made and the questionnaires were distributed among the nurse students in a third grade hospital. Results The clinical nurse students of the knowledge of the law of nurses was moderate level according to the average score 5.779 among 182 student nurses. It had showed that high educational background students had more score. It was obviously different between junior nurses, intermediate nurses and senior nurses (P＜0.001 ) . The attitude of the clinical nurse students to the knowledge of the law of nurses also was evidently difference. 145 students (86.31%) considered the learning was necessary, 14 students (8.33%) had the opposite opinion. Conclusions It has been manifested that clinical teachers should use diversified way to improve the nurse students' cognition in order to have better basic in future clinical nursing work since their knowledge of the law of nurses is not so good.     

对医院护士患者安全文化认知的调查

Objective To explore the level of patient safety culture of nurses, so as to provide more objective information for the developmental measures to improve patient safety culture. Methods 1 866 nurses from six grade-3 hospitals of a province were investigated by patient safety culture assessment scale. Results The total scores of patient safety culture of nurses was 3.57 ± 0.42, belongs to the middle-level. 5 factors in descending order according to the questionnaire scores was teamwork climate, safety climate, job Satisfaction,perception of management and stress recognition. The lower scores were the punishment of adverse events, job stress, work intensity, the staffing and so on. Conclusions It is very important that nurse managers should focus on improving a safer system in nursing, find out the potential risks, create a positive patient safety culture,and reduce or prevent adverse events of nursing in order to promote patient safety.     

"示教病房"无缝对接培养模式应用的效果评价

目的 探讨"示教病房"无缝对接培养模式在护理教学中的应用效果.方法 2006至2009年选取实习的高等职业学校护生210名作为实验组,并采用方便抽样的方法选取其他同等学历院校的护生210名作为对照组.实验组采用"示教病房"无缝对接的培养模式,实行培训基地-示教病房-带教病房一体化的临床教学管理;对照组采用传统的分段式带教模式.比较2组的教学效果.结果实验组护生的理论考试成绩和操作技能考试成绩均显著高于对照组,实验组护生对教学的满意度显著高于对照组.结论 "示教病房"无缝对接的培养模式,得到了患者、带教老师和护生的认可,提高了实习质量,值得在临床教学医院推广应用.

Abstract：

Objective To discuss the application effect of seamless training model of "demonstration unit" on nursing teaching. Methods 210 nursing students from high professional schools from 2006 to 2009 were set as the experimental group, 210 nursing students of the same education background were selected as the control group. The experimental group adopted seamless training model of "demonstration unit", the control group used traditional segmental teaching mode. Teaching effect was compared between the two groups. Results The theoretic test results, operation and technological testing results and satisfaction degree with the teaching in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group. Conclusions The seamless training model of "demonstration unit" is approved by the patients, teachers and nursing students and improves the quality of clinical teaching. It should be used widely in clinical nursing education.     

The investigation and analysis whether graduation thesis nursing graduate can promote the ability of nursing graduates＇ scientific research

Objective To understanding the state whether the nursing graduates think graduation thesis promotes the ability of scientific research. To find the potential problems that the ability of scientific research and seek the countermeasure in order to＇improve the cultivation of undergraduate＇s nursing scientific research ability during the time at school. Methods To adopt the self-designed questionnaire to survey whether graduation thesis can improve the ability of scientific research among 80 students. Results 80.9 % of the students admit that writing graduation paper can improve the ability of scientific research and scientific interests, 64.7%0 of the students think that writing the graduation thesis can also improve their own scientific research ability and writing level practically. Conclusions To improve students＇ scientific research consciousness and scientific research interest in the future; strictly choose scientific research teacher, strengthen interactive between teachers and students, improve the ability of scientific research and teach; adjust the preparation of the graduation thesis and write time, start from strengthening the work of management of the graduation thesis, deepen student＇s cognition that the graduation thesis promoted the ability of scientific research, improve students＇ scientific research ability conscientiously through the writing course of the graduation thesis.     

神经内科住院患者跌倒的危险因素分析与对策

Objective To explore the risk factors of neurological inpatients'tumble and put forward the corresponding nursing countermeasures.Methods The events of neurological inpatients' tumble were analyzed retrospectively by 21 inpatients.Results The internal factors causing neurological inpatients'tumble were senility,impaired physical mobility,consciousness disorder,cognitive disorder,vertigo attacks,history of tumble,hypoglycemic reaction,and postural hypotension.External factors included drugs and environment.Tumble was often occurred at 15:00 ～21:00 and 0:00 ～7:00.Patients were often tumbled at bedside and in washroom.Conclusions Layout of hospital should be optimized.Nurses should receive training about how to prevent inpatients' tumble and formulate individualized safety nursing plans for inpatients.At the same time,health education should be conducted.     

老年患者护理需求与专科护士应对策略研究进展

随着我国老龄化社会的发展,越来越多的老年患者需要专科护士的护理.综述了老年患者的护理、健康教育和心理援助需求,并针对老年患者的护理需求,提出了老年专科护士的应对措施:即重视老年专科护士培养、普及老年护理教育、提供高质量的专业化指导、开展老年专科护理评估工具的研究,以满足老年患者多元化的护理需求,适应老龄化社会发展对专科护理的需求.

Abstract：

Accompanying with the development of our country's aging society, more and more elderly patients need the nursing of nurse specialism. This article reviewed the requirements of geriatric nursing care,health education and psychological aid. To aim directly at the nurse need of geriatric patients, suggest the coping intervention of the geriatric nurse specialism:reconstruct the cultivation of geriatric nurse specialism;popularize the health education of geriatric nursing;provide the high-quality professional instruction;carry out the research of geriatric special nursing evaluation instruments;so to satiate the varied nursing requirements and accommodate the requirements on nursing care accompanying with the progress of the aging society.     

概念图主导教学法对护生自主学习能力的影响

目的 探讨以概念图为主导的教学方法对实习护生自主学习能力的培养效果.方法将 120名大专护生随机分为实验组和对照组各60名,前者需定期参加由辅导员组织的以概念图为主导、以案例为媒介的培训活动,后者则需定期参加由护理部组织的专题讲座.将实验前后2组护生<护理专业护生自主学习能力测评量表>的调查结果进行比较.结果 实验组和对照组护生前后测量结果有差异;总分和各维度得分存在组间差异.结论 以概念图为主导、以案例为媒介的教学方法能起到培养护生自主学习能力的作用.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effects of teaching method of concept-map orientation on cultivating intern nursing students' autonomous learning competencies. Methods 120 volunteers were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 60 students in each group. The students from the experimental group participated in the training activities, in which concept-map orientation and clinical case served as a vehicle. While the students from the control group attended lectures held by nursing department. All the students fulfilled the Measure Scale of Autonomous Learning Competencies of Nursing Undergraduates before and after this study. Results There was significant difference between before and after the study, and significant difference was also seen in total score and score of each dimension between the experimental group and the control one. Conclusions The teaching method of conceptmap orientation can cultivate nursing students' autonomous learning competencies.     

护生实习期间的护理安全管理

目的探讨护生实习期间的护理安全管理方法。方法通过加强教学管理,优化老师队伍,强化护生的护理安全意识,对护生进行职业道德教育和总结与反馈等护理安全管理方法,以提高护生安全防范意识。结果本院未发生1件与实习护生有关的医疗过失、纠纷及差错事故。结论加强护生临床实习管理,提高护生安全防范意识,对提高护生的安全管理质量具有重要的意义。     

中日基础护理教育模式的探讨

目的 分析日本大分医科大学护理学院基础护理训练与我国基础护理培训的现状,了解国内外护理学院基础护理培训的情况,探索护生培训模式.方法 以中日两国对护生培训的认识和方法进行对比,探讨从护理学院开始进行系统基础护理培训的方向.结果 基础护理关系到患者切身利益,护士必须履行对患者的基础护理职责,扎实做好基础护理工作,努力提高基础护理质量,逐步解决依赖患者家属或者家属自聘护工承担患者生活护理的问题,减轻患者的家庭负担.结论 通过考察对比.在保持各自个性特点的同时,取长补短,让护生在学校期间就能对做好基础护理服务有很强的意识,练就扎扎实实的基本技术,做好基础护理工作,使护士回到患者身边,为患者提供安全、有效、方便、满意的护理服务.     

岗前培训在提高护生安全防范意识中的作用

目的探讨岗前培训在提高护生安全防范意识中的作用。方法对护生进行职业道德、法律法规、规章制度、护理技术操作、护理安全管理知识、护患沟通技巧等方面的岗前培训。在培训结束后对护生进行理论和操作技能的考核。结果护生理论考核合格率为87．2％，技术操作考核合格率为84．7％。实习期间护理纠纷发生12起，护理差错发生1起。结论加强护生岗前培训，能有效地增强护生的安全防范意识，减少护理纠纷和护理差错的发生，提高护理教学质量。     

护理风险管理在产科的应用

通过识别产科存在的护理风险,进行原因分析,制定风险管理对策,指导护士避免护理风险,确保护理安全。结果提高了护士的风险意识和服务意识,提高了护理质量和病人满意度。得出产科实施护理风险管理能减少护理事故和护理纠纷,确保护理工作的安全。     

实习前后护生健康行为自我效能和健康促进生活方式的比较与分析

[目的]探讨临床实习对护生健康行为自我效能和健康促进生活方式的影响,为开展健康促进活动、促进其身心健康提供依据。[方法]采用健康行为自我效能量表和健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(HPL-Ⅱ)对2013年12月—2014年12月在安徽省立医院实习的528名护理专业学生进行调查。[结果]实习后护生的健康促进生活方式总分(73.74分±6.41分)高于实习前护生的健康促进生活方式总分(72.12分±7.32分),各维度中高于实习前水平的有自我实现、职业安全、均衡饮食、人际支持发展维度,运动保健维度低于实习前水平,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);实习后护生的健康行为自我效能总分(82.97分±10.52分)高于实习前健康行为自我效能总分(77.16分±10.87分),各维度中高于实习前水平的维度有健康责任、心理安适、营养,而运动维度低于实习前水平,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。[结论]临床实习可提高护生的健康促进生活方式和健康行为自我效能水平,但是护生的运动锻炼是医院管理者需要关注的方面。     

护理风险管理在产科的应用

通过识别产科存在的护理风险，进行原因分析，制定风险管理对策，指导护士避免护理风险，确保护理安全。结果提高了护士的风险意识和服务意识，提高了护理质量和病人满意度。得出产科实施护理风险管理能减少护理事故和护理纠纷，确保护理工作的安全。     

护理风险因素分析及管理对策

目的降低护理风险的发生率,确保医疗护理安全。方法对护理风险因素存在原因进行分析,提出有效的管理对策,包括营造良好的护理风险管理氛围、建立完善的临床护理风险管理制度与应急预案、建立健全风险管理组织、加强监控等措施。结果护士的风险意识明显提高,全院的护理纠纷及一般差错明显减少,无严重事故发生。结论加强护理风险管理,有助于提高护士的风险意识,从而将护理风险降至最低。     

失效模式与效应分析在临床输血管理中的应用效果

[目的]完善临床输血护理流程,加强临床输血安全管理。[方法]成立输血安全护理管理团队,应用失效模式与效应分析（FMEA）方法,列出输血护理流程的各个步骤,以及各步骤可能发生的失效模式,并计算失效模式的危机值（RPN）,查找目前输血护理流程中存在的危险因素,针对影响安全输血的高危因素,制定改进措施并应用于临床输血过程中。比较实施FMEA 前后 RPN 值及病人安全输血效果。[结果]实施 FMEA 后取血、输血时间不合格率明显下降,护士输血查对实践考核合格率较实施前提高,影响安全输血高危因素的 RPN 值明显下降。[结论]FMEA 模式应用于临床输血护理管理中有利于提高护士评估风险意识与能力,前瞻性地发现流程中潜在的危险因素,提高病人输血护理安全。