维生素E干预对静脉补铁慢性肾脏病大鼠氧化应激的影响

目的观察维生素E干预对静脉补铁慢性肾脏病(CKD)大鼠氧化应激的影响,为CKD静脉补铁治疗时进行营养干预,改善机体氧化应激状态提供实验依据。方法采用腺嘌呤灌胃方法建立大鼠CKD模型后,给予一次性尾静脉注射铁剂,同时给予维生素E干预2周,观察血浆GSH、维生素E、NO、MDA含量的变化。结果肾病对照组与正常对照组血浆GSH、维生素E、MDA均有显著性差异(P<0.05);肾病补铁组血浆GSH、维生素E低于正常对照组,血浆MDA高于肾病对照组(P<0.05);肾病补铁维生素E干预组与肾病补铁组血浆GSH、维生素E、NO、MDA均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论维生素E干预可提高CKD静脉补铁大鼠抗氧化能力,对缓解其体内氧化应激有重要作用。     

早期补入低张胶体液对失血并腹腔海水浸泡伤实验犬血自由基水平的影响

目的　观察早期补入低张胶体液对失血并腹腔海水浸泡伤实验犬血自由基水平的影响。方法　建立失血并腹腔海水浸泡伤动物模型。 35只犬随机均分为对照组 (A组 )、5 %葡萄糖治疗组 (B组 )、0 4 5 %氯化钠 (含 2 5 %葡萄糖液 )治疗组 (C组 )、0 9%氯化钠治疗组 (D组 )及低张胶体液治疗组 (E组 ) ,观察每一组腹腔海水浸泡后丙二醛 (malondialdehyde ,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶 (superoxidedismutase ,SOD)及乳酸 (lacticacid ,LA)水平的变化。结果　补液后B、C、D、E组MDA及LA水平均显著下降 ,SOD水平显著上升 (与A组比较 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,补液后 2 4hE组MDA及LA水平均显著低于而SOD水平显著高于B、C、D组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　失血并腹腔海水浸泡伤后早期补入低张胶体液可显著降低血自由基水平 ,改善机体代谢。     

维生素A、D、E水平与儿童呼吸道感染的相关性研究

目的研究维生素A、D、E水平与儿童呼吸道感染的相关性。方法选取我院呼吸道感染患儿1000例为研究对象,反复呼吸道感染(RRTI)患儿380例为RRTI组,非RRTI患儿620例为非RRTI组,另选同期健康体检儿童300例为对照组。比较三组维生素A、D、E水平、感染指标[血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、血清血红蛋白(Hb)、白细胞计数(WBC)]水平,并分析RRTI患儿维生素A、D、E水平与血清CRP、Hb、WBC水平相关性。结果三组维生素A、D水平相比,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);RRTI组维生素A、D水平低于非RRTI组、对照组(P0.05);三组血清CRP、Hb、WBC水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);RRTI组血清CRP、WBC水平高于非RRTI组、对照组,血清Hb水平低于非RRTI组、对照组(P0.05);RRTI组治疗后维生素A、D水平高于治疗前,血清CRP、WBC水平低于治疗前,血清Hb水平高于治疗前(P0.05);经Pearson相关性分析,RRTI患儿维生素A、D水平与其血清CRP、WBC水平呈负相关(P0.05),与血清Hb呈正相关(P0.05)。结论 RRTI患儿中维生素A、D水平呈现异常下降状态,与血清CRP、WBC水平呈负相关,与血清Hb呈正相关,有助于判断病情程度,可采取适量补充维生素及膳食治疗措施,以促进病情转归。     

维生素E促进骨骼肌拉伤后的修复

目的观察维生素E对肌肉拉伤导致的过氧化损伤的拮抗作用.方法用大鼠建立肌肉拉伤动物模型,动物随机区组法分为3组假损伤组、对照组及维生素E处理组.维生素E组大鼠经腹腔注射给予维生素E 50 mg/(kg·d),于伤后7 d处死动物,取血测定每组血浆中维生素E、丙二醛含量及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC);取各组腓肠肌做组织切片观察.结果维生素E组血浆维生素E含量及T-AOC显著高于假损伤及对照组(P＜0.05),丙二醛含量高于假损伤组但低于对照组(P＜0.05);组织学观察见维生素E组损伤程度较对照组减轻,修复较好.结论维生素E可增加机体的抗氧化能力,减轻骨骼肌拉伤所引起的过氧化损伤程度,促进其修复.     

维生素C与维生素E的联合免疫调节及抗氧化作用

目的:观察维生素C和维生素E联合应用对小鼠免疫功能及抗氧化功能的调节作用。方法:实验主要于2004-04/2005-10在承德医学院附属医院中心实验室完成,部分实验在日本千叶大学完成。选择雌性清洁级BALB/c小鼠60只,按随机数字表法分成6组,每组10只。分别为:①正常对照组:每天灌胃生理盐水0.3mL。②联合维生素组:每天灌胃0.3mL生理盐水内含维生素E0.3mg、维生素C1.5mg。③免疫抑制组:小鼠每5d腹腔注射环磷酰胺0.6mg(30mg/kg),共4次,制备免疫功能低下模型。④免疫抑制 维生素C组:每天灌胃0.3mL生理盐水内含维生素C1.5mg。⑤免疫抑制 维生素E组:每天灌胃0.3mL生理盐水内含维生素E0.3mg。⑥免疫抑制 联合维生素组:每天灌胃0.3mL生理盐水内含维生素E0.3mg、维生素C1.5mg。后4组小鼠均制备免疫功能低下模型,方法同免疫抑制组。连续给药20d后,麻醉小鼠断尾取血,处死后取其脾脏、肝脏及肌肉。通过测定小鼠刀豆蛋白A刺激淋巴细胞转化功能(计算刺激指数,刺激指数与淋巴细胞转化能力成正比)、脾细胞产生白细胞介素2的反应活性、天然杀伤细胞活性(酶标仪490nm处测定吸光度值(A),杀伤活性=(A实验组-A总自然释放)/(A正常对照组-A总自然释放)×100%)、血清及肝组织中脂质过氧化物含量、肝脏超氧化物超氧化物活性等指标,评估小鼠免疫功能和抗氧化功能的变化情况。结果:实验过程中免疫抑制组有1只小鼠在给药第17天死亡。①各组小鼠淋巴细胞刺激指数比较:免疫抑制组显著低于正常对照组(59.2%,100%,P<0.01),免疫抑制 联合维生素组显著高于免疫抑制组(105.2%,P<0.01)。②各组小鼠天然杀伤细胞活性比较:免疫抑制 联合维生素组小鼠的天然杀伤细胞活性显著高于免疫抑制组(P<0.01)。③各组小鼠白细胞介素2生成率比较:免疫抑制 维生素E组及免疫抑制 联合维生素组均显著高于免疫抑制组(P<0.01)。④各组小鼠血清及肝组织中脂质过氧化物含量、肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性比较:免疫抑制组小鼠的血清、肝脏脂质过氧化物含量显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01),而免疫抑制 联合维生素组显著低于免疫抑制组(P<0.01)。免疫抑制组小鼠的肝脏超氧化物歧化酶活性显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01),而免疫抑制 联合维生素组显著高于免疫抑制组(P<0.01)。结论:维生素C和维生素E联用可提高小鼠的免疫功能及抗氧化能力。     

癌症患者血中氧化应激标记物的实验室评价

目的评价癌症患者血中氧化应激标志物状况.方法测定111例癌症患者和36例健康对照血中丙二醛(MDA)和抗氧化标志物谷胱苷肽、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶、黄嘌呤氧化酶、维生素E、维生素C及总抗氧化力浓度.结果癌症患者脂质过氧化产物MDA浓度明显高于健康对照(5.21±1.04nmol/L相对4.04±0.68nmol/L, P＜0.001),而机体总抗氧化能力明显低于健康对照(4.39±-0.98U/L相对5.78±0.93U/L,P＜0.001),但内源性抗氧化标志物(谷胱苷肽、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶、黄嘌呤氧化酶、维生素E和维生素C)无明显变化(P＞0.05).结论癌症患者体内脂质过氧化水平增高,总抗氧化能力下降.内源性抗氧化标志物谷胱苷肽、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶、黄嘌呤氧化酶、维生素E和维生素C无明显变化.     

癌症患者血中氧化应激标记物的实验室评价

目的评价癌症患者血中氧化应激标志物状况。方法测定111例癌症患者和36例健康对照血中丙二醛(MDA)和抗氧化标志物谷胱苷肽、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶、黄嘌呤氧化酶、维生素E、维生素C及总抗氧化力浓度。结果癌症患者脂质过氧化产物MDA浓度明显高于健康对照(5.21±1.05nmol/L相对4.04±0.68nmol/L,P<0.001),而机体总抗氧化能力明显低于健康对照(4.39±0.98U/L相对5.78±0.93U/L,P<0.001),但内源性抗氧化标志物(谷胱苷肽、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶、黄嘌呤氧化酶、维生素E和维生素C)无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论癌症患者体内脂质过氧化水平增高,总抗氧化能力下降。内源性抗氧化标志物谷胱苷肽、谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶、黄嘌呤氧化酶、维生素E和维生素C无明显变化。     

维生素E促进骨骼肌拉伤后的修复

目的：观察维生素E对肌肉拉伤导致的过氧化损伤的拮抗作用。方法：用大鼠建立肌肉拉伤动物模型，动物随机区组法分为3组：假损伤组、对照组及维生素E处理组。维生素E组大鼠经腹腔注射给予维生素E50mg／(kg&;#183;d)，于伤后7d处死动物，取血测定每组血浆中维生素E、丙二醛含量及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)；取各组腓肠肌做组织切片观察。结果：维生素E组血浆维生素E含量及T-AOC显著高于假损伤及对照组(P&;lt;0．05)．丙二醛含量高于假损伤组但低于对照组(P&;lt;0．05)；组织学观察见维生素E组损伤程度较对照组减轻，修复较好。结论：维生素E可增加机体的抗氧化能力，减轻骨骼肌拉伤所引起的过氧化损伤程度，促进其修复。     

丙酮酸乙酯对严重腹腔感染时肠黏膜过氧化损伤的防治作用

目的探讨丙酮酸乙酯对严重腹腔感染大鼠肠黏膜过氧化损伤的防治作用。方法将36只SD大鼠按照随机数字表法分成对照组、腹腔感染组和治疗组，每组12只。腹腔感染组采用盲肠结扎加穿孔术（CLP）制作严重腹腔感染模型;治疗组行CLP后皮下注射丙酮酸乙酯40mg／kg，每8h1次；对照组仅行单纯剖腹手术。各组于术后24h和48h分别取小肠组织进行病理学观察，记录小肠黏膜病理损伤分级，同时检测小肠及血清丙二醛（MDA）含量、小肠髓过氧化物酶（MP0）活性。结果术后24h和48h腹腔感染组血清和小肠MDA水平均显著高于对照组（P均〈0．05）。且两者呈显著正相关（r=0．867，P〈0．05）；治疗组较腹腔感染组小肠黏膜病理性损害明显减轻，病理分级显著降低（P均〈0．05）；治疗组血清MDA和小肠MPO水平均明显低于腹腔感染组（P均〈0．05）。结论严重腹腔感染时过氧化损伤导致肠黏膜屏障功能障碍，丙酮酸乙酯具有减轻大鼠肠黏膜过氧化损伤的作用。     

维生素E辅助用于癫痫中对患者血浆T-Aoc、MDA水平的影响

目的探讨维生素E辅助治疗对癫痫患者血浆总抗氧化力(T-Aoc)、丙二醛(MDA)水平的影响。方法选择从2012年12月至2014年12月进行治疗的癫痫患儿90例,每组45例,随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组给予常规抗癫痫药物治疗,观察组在此基础上辅助应用维生素E治疗。观察并对比两组患儿的治疗效果和血浆T-Aoc、MDA水平。结果观察组患者总有效率为97.8%,高于对照组的总有效率84.4%,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后观察组T-Aoc明显高于治疗前[(17.58±2.13)U/ml vs.(14.23±1.43)U/ml],MDA低于治疗前[(35.97±3.86)mmol/L vs.(44.09±4.87)mmol/L],差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);对照组T-Aoc、MDA治疗前后变化不显著[(14.02±1.53)U/ml vs.(14.58±1.63)U/ml;(44.98±4.80)mmol/L vs.(43.02±4.26)mmol/L],差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后组间比较观察组T-Aoc水平更高,MDA水平更低,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论在癫痫的治疗中辅助用维生素E可显著提高患者血浆的T-Aoc水平,并显著减低MDA水平,临床疗效显著,具有较高的应用价值。     

Assessment of salivary and serum antioxidant vitamins and lipid peroxidation in patients with recurrent aphthous ulceration

Recurrent aphthous ulceration (RAU) is a common oral mucosal disorder characterized by recurrent, painful oral aphthae. Although the exact cause of RAU is not known, local trauma, microorganisms, nutritional deficiencies, hormonal changes, genetics, and immunological factors have been suggested to contribute to its pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to assess the level of lipid peroxidation and status of antioxidant vitamins in patients with RAU. Thirty patients with RAU and 20 healthy controls were recruited. Vitamins A, E, and C and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in both serum and saliva of patients with RAU and control subjects by high performance liquid chromatography. Levels of vitamins A, E and C in both fluids were significantly lower (p < 0.05 for vitamins A and E, and p < 0.005 for vitamin C, respectively) in patients with RAU than in healthy control subjects. Conversely, the levels of MDA in serum and saliva were significantly higher (p < 0.005) in patients with RAU than in the control group. Furthermore, strong and highly significant correlation was found between serum and salivary levels of vitamins A, E and C, and MDA in patients with RAU (r > or = 0.90, p < 0.0001). The present study demonstrates that the serum and saliva levels of selected antioxidant vitamins are lower, while the degree of lipid peroxidation, as judged by the MDA levels, is higher in patients with RAU than in the control subjects. This is the first to measure specific antioxidant levels in both saliva and blood in the same patients, and indicates that the non-enzymatic anti-oxidant ability is impaired in patients with RAU.     

大黄素对脓毒症大鼠保护作用的实验研究

目的探讨大黄素对于脓毒症大鼠的保护作用。方法将健康大鼠随机分为三组,A组：假手术组;B组：盲肠结扎穿刺（CLP）组;C组：CLP大黄素治疗组。造模72h后分别测定各组血浆肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、血浆和腹腔白蛋白浓度、肠系膜微静脉流速等并观察肠粘膜损伤程度。结果CLP后大鼠血浆TNF-α浓度、白蛋白渗出率明显升高,而B组升高较C组明显（P〈0.01）,肠粘膜损伤评分变化也有相同趋势（P〈0.017）;肠系膜微静脉流速减慢,血浆白蛋白浓度降低,而B组下降较C组明显（P〈0.05）。结论大黄素能减轻CLP所致脓毒症大鼠的炎症反应和肠粘膜的损伤。     

Effects of vitamin E supplementation on blood antioxidants levels in patients with Behçet’s disease

Behçet’s disease (BD) is known for many years, yet its etiology remains unknown. In BD, the increased production of reactive oxygen species from activated neutrophils may reduce concentrations of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes in plasma and red blood cells (RBC). Vitamin E is an important fat soluble antioxidant and its role on antioxidant parameters of BD is unclear. The study was undertaken to evaluate the role of vitamin E on lipid peroxidation (MDA) levels, antioxidant vitamin and enzyme concentrations in plasma and RBC in patients with BD. There were three groups i.e., control, patient and treatment groups with twenty-five subjects in each. Nonsmoking patients with BD, patient group, was compared with an equal number of healthy control subjects (control group). Blood samples were taken from both control and patient groups and then oral vitamin E was daily supplemented to the patients with BD for six weeks (treated group). At the end of six weeks, blood was taken from the treated group once more.

RBC and plasma MDA levels, serum neopterin, complement system (C₃ and C₄), ASO, CRP, rheumatoid factor, plasma lipoprotein (a), total cholesterol concentrations and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were higher in the patient group than in the control group, but they were lower in the treatment group than in the patient group. While vitamins A, E and β-carotene concentrations in plasma, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities and reduced glutathione levels in RBC and plasma were lower in patient group than in the controls, they were found to be higher in the treatment group than in the patient group.

These results provide some evidence for a potential role of increased lipid peroxidation and decreased enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants in BD by its inflammatory character and vitamin E which may strengthen the antioxidant defense system, and may contribute to the treatment of BD.     

Effects of intraperitoneally administered vitamin C on antioxidative defense mechanism in rats with diabetes induced by streptozotocin

We determined the effects of intraperitoneally administered vita-min C on the lipid peroxidation (as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, TBARS) and vitamin C and E levels and reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the plasma, red blood cells (RBC), liver, and muscle of rats in relation to oxidative damage associated with diabetes induced by streptozotocin (STZ). One group was used as control and a second as diabetic. A third group received 30 mg vitamin C i.p. every other day. On day 4 after the injection of vitamin C, animals in the second and third groups were made diabetic by i.p. injection of STZ and administered vitamin C for 21 consecutive days, and we determined TBARS, vitamin E, and GSH levels and GSH-Px activities in plasma, RBC, liver, and muscle samples. Vitamin E levels in the plasma and liver were significantly higher (P<0.05) in the control group than in the diabetic group. Also, TBARS levels in the plasma, RBC, liver, and muscle samples were significantly lower (P<0.05) in controls than in the diabetic group. The TBARS levels in the RBC, liver, and muscle samples of the vitamin C group were significantly lower (P<0.05, P<0.01, and P<0.001, respectively). However, GSH-Px and GSH activities in RBC, liver, and muscle and vitamin C levels in liver were not significantly different between control and diabetic groups. Vitamin E levels in plasma (P<0.05, P<0.01) and liver (P<0.001), vitamin C levels in liver (P<0.001), and GSH (P<0.01) and GSH-Px activities in RBC (P<0.05, P<0.01) were significantly higher in the vitamin C group than both the control and diabetic groups. These results indicate that vitamin C has significant protective effects on the blood, liver, and muscle of rats against oxidative damage in diabetes.     

还原型谷胱甘肽对大鼠脓毒症肺损伤外周血淋巴细胞凋亡率及TNF-α、IL-6水平的影响

目的观察还原型谷胱甘肽对大鼠脓毒症肺损伤外周血淋巴细胞凋亡率及血浆细胞因子TNF-α、IL-6水平的影响，探讨还原型谷胱甘肽对大鼠脓毒症肺损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法应用盲肠结扎穿孔（CLP）法复制大鼠脓毒症肺损伤模型。将清洁级雄性SD大鼠112只，随机分成假手术组（Sham）、脓毒症肺损伤组（ALI）、还原型谷胱甘肽治疗组（GSH）、左旋氧氟沙星治疗组（LEV），每组再分为3、6、12、24h等4个亚组，每个亚组n=7。观察大鼠脓毒症肺损伤肺组织的病理形态学改变，并检测外周血淋巴细胞凋亡率及血浆TNF-α、IL-6水平的变化。结果在脓毒症肺损伤组及左旋氧氟沙星治疗组淋巴细胞凋亡率较假手术组及GSH治疗组明显升高（P〈0．05）；在脓毒症肺损伤组血浆TNF-α水平在CLP术后6h出现升高，较GSH治疗组升高明显（P〈0．01）。脓毒症肺损伤组大鼠血浆IL-6水平于CLP术后3h升高，GSH治疗组CLP术后3h血浆IL-6水平较脓毒症肺损伤组低（P〈0．05）。脓毒症肺损伤组大鼠病理显示明显肺损伤，GSH治疗组大鼠肺损伤程度明显减轻。结论还原型谷胱甘肽能显著抑制外周血淋巴细胞凋亡及血浆TNF-α和IL-6表达水平，对大鼠脓毒症急性肺损伤具有明显的保护作用。     

Effects of vitamin E supplementation on blood antioxidants levels in patients with Behçet's disease

Behçet’s disease (BD) is known for many years, yet its etiology remains unknown. In BD, the increased production of reactive oxygen species from activated neutrophils may reduce concentrations of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes in plasma and red blood cells (RBC). Vitamin E is an important fat soluble antioxidant and its role on antioxidant parameters of BD is unclear. The study was undertaken to evaluate the role of vitamin E on lipid peroxidation (MDA) levels, antioxidant vitamin and enzyme concentrations in plasma and RBC in patients with BD. There were three groups i.e., control, patient and treatment groups with twenty-five subjects in each. Nonsmoking patients with BD, patient group, was compared with an equal number of healthy control subjects (control group). Blood samples were taken from both control and patient groups and then oral vitamin E was daily supplemented to the patients with BD for six weeks (treated group). At the end of six weeks, blood was taken from the treated group once more.RBC and plasma MDA levels, serum neopterin, complement system (C₃ and C₄), ASO, CRP, rheumatoid factor, plasma lipoprotein (a), total cholesterol concentrations and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were higher in the patient group than in the control group, but they were lower in the treatment group than in the patient group. While vitamins A, E and β-carotene concentrations in plasma, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities and reduced glutathione levels in RBC and plasma were lower in patient group than in the controls, they were found to be higher in the treatment group than in the patient group.These results provide some evidence for a potential role of increased lipid peroxidation and decreased enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants in BD by its inflammatory character and vitamin E which may strengthen the antioxidant defense system, and may contribute to the treatment of BD.     

镁和β-胡萝卜素对2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗及抗氧化能力影响的研究

目的通过补充镁、β-胡萝卜素及其联合制剂,探讨镁、β-胡萝卜素及联合补充对实验型2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗及抗氧化能力的影响。方法利用链脲佐菌素建立2型糖尿病大鼠动物模型,将其随机分为糖尿病模型组（B组）、镁组（C组）、β-胡萝卜素组（D组）及镁＋β-胡萝卜素组（E组）,并设正常对照组（A组）,实验期8周,分析血糖含量、胰岛素抵抗指数、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）,丙二醛（MDA）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）含量及活性。结果C、D和E组胰岛素抵抗指数均较B组明显降低（P〈0.05）;D组和E组SOD和GSH-Px水平均较B组明显升高,MDA水平明显降（P〈0.05）;C组SOD和GSH-Px水平较B组升高,MDA水平降低,但差别无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;同时,E组SOD和GSH-Px水平较C组升高,MDA水平降低（P〈0.05）;其余各组间差异无显著性。结论β-胡萝卜素可有效提高糖尿病大鼠抗氧化能力,减少脂质过氧化产物的生成;镁可改善大鼠胰岛素抵抗;联合补充镁及β-胡萝卜素,对大鼠抗氧化能力及胰岛素抵抗的改善有一定的协同作用。     

电针足三里穴对腹腔脓毒症大鼠肠缺血及氧自由基损伤的作用研究

目的 探讨电针足三里穴对脓毒症大鼠肠缺血和氧自由基损伤的保护作用.方法 采用盲肠结扎穿孔术(CLP)制备大鼠脓毒症模型.雄性Wistar大鼠32只,随机分为CLP+电针足三里(CLP/EA)组、CLP+假电针(CLP/SEA)组、迷走神经切断+CLP+SEA(VA/CLP/SEA)组、VA+CLP+EA(VA/CLP/EA)组,每组8只.EA组持续针刺双侧足三里穴30 min,刺激强度为2～3 mA,2～100 Hz;SEA组采用相同频率和强度刺激非经非穴(足三里外侧旁开0.5 cm)30 min;VA组于CLP前切断迷走神经.各组大鼠于CLP后6 h测定空肠黏膜血流量(JMBF),处死动物取空肠组织,测定丙二醛(MDA)含量、黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)和二胺氧化酶(DAO)活性及肠组织含水量.结果 与CLP/SEA组比较,CLP/EA组JMBF和DAO活性显著增加,XOD和MDA及肠组织含水量显著降低(P均<0.05);VA/CLP/SEA组和VA/CLP/EA组JMBF和DAO活性显著降低,XOD和MDA水平显著升高,且组织含水量明显高于CLP/EA组(P均<0.05).VA/CLP/EA组与VA/CLP/SEA组各指标均无明显差异(P均＞0.05).结论 电针足三里可显著增加CLP大鼠JMBF和DAO活性,减轻肠组织水肿和脂质过氧化损伤;切断腹腔迷走神经能减轻或消除电针的作用,增强小肠组织过氧化反应,加重肠组织水肿和黏膜细胞损害.电针足三里穴对肠缺血和氧自由基损伤的保护机制可能与兴奋胆碱能通路有关.     

A3 and P2Y2 receptors control the recruitment of neutrophils to the lungs in a mouse model of sepsis

We have recently shown that A3 adenosine receptors and P2Y2 purinergic receptors play an important role in neutrophil chemotaxis. Chemotaxis of neutrophils to sites of infections is critical for immune defense. However, excessive accumulation of neutrophils in the lungs can cause acute lung tissue damage. Here we assessed the role of A3 and P2Y2 receptors in neutrophil sequestration to the lungs in a mouse model of sepsis. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) using adult male C57BL/6J mice (wild type [WT]), homozygous A3 receptor knockout (A3KO) mice, and P2Y2 receptor knockout (P2Y2KO) mice. Animals were killed 2, 4, 6, or 8 h after CLP, and peritoneal lavage fluid and blood were collected. Lungs were removed, and neutrophil infiltration was evaluated using elastase as a marker. Leukocyte and bacterial counts in peritoneal lavage fluid and blood samples were determined. Survival after sepsis was determined in a separate group. Leukocyte counts in the peritoneum were lower in A3KO and P2Y2KO mice than in WT mice. Conversely, initial leukocyte counts in the peripheral blood were higher in KO mice than in WT mice. Neutrophil sequestration to the lungs reached a maximum 2 h after CLP and remained significantly higher in WT mice compared with A3KO and P2Y2KO mice (P < 0.001). Survival after 24 h was significantly lower in WT mice (37.5%) than in A3KO or P2Y2KO mice (82.5%; P < 0.05). These data suggest that A3 and P2Y2 receptors are involved in the influx of neutrophils into the lungs after sepsis. Thus, pharmaceutical approaches that target these receptors might be useful to control acute lung tissue injury in sepsis.     

脓毒症早期大鼠肾上腺皮质功能变化及地塞米松的干预作用

目的 探讨脓毒症早期是否存在相对肾上腺皮质功能不全及其可能的发病机制,以及地塞米松替代治疗的时机.方法 雄性Wistar大鼠260只,随机均分为正常对照组、假手术组、模型组[行盲肠结扎穿孔术(CLP)制备脓毒症模型]、激素预处理组(CLP前腹腔注射10 mg/kg地塞米松)、激素治疗组(CLP后7 h腹腔注射10 ml/kg地塞米松),各组再分为2、4、6、8、12 h时间点.于8 h和12 h给予促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)刺激实验,于刺激前及刺激后30 min用放射免疫分析法测定血清皮质醇浓度;用半定量逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)测定肾上腺Toll样受体4(TLR4)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的mRNA表达;透射电镜下观察肾上腺皮质束状带超微结构;其余大鼠观察12 h存活情况.结果 ①模型组、激素预处理组和治疗组刺激前血清皮质醇浓度显著高于正常对照组和假手术组,且预处理组明显高于模型组和治疗组(P均＜0.05),但ACTH刺激前后血清皮质醇浓度均无明显变化.②模型组肾上腺TLR4、TNF-α的mRNA表达较假手术组明显升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),激素预处理组和治疗组肾上腺TLR4、TNF-α的mRNA表达较模型组明显下降,且预处理组可降至假手术组水平.⑧模型组、激素预处理组和治疗组肾上腺皮质超微结构发生代谢性改变,其中以模型组为重.④激素预处理组、治疗组大鼠12 h生存率均明显高于模型组(76.92%、40.00%比33.33%,P＜0.01和P＜0.05),且激素预处理组高于治疗组(P＜0.05).结论 ①脓毒症早期即存在相对肾上腺皮质功能不全;②肾上腺TLR4、TNF-α mRNA的表达和超微结构变化可能参与了相对肾上腺皮质功能不全的发生;③地塞米松可以降低肾上腺TLR4、TNF-α mRNA的表达,减轻超微结构变化,提高生存率,改善预后,且早期应用效果更理想.