多发性硬化与抑郁、焦虑的相关性研究

目的 探讨多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)与抑郁、焦虑情感障碍的关系.方法 采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression,HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton Anxiety,HAMA)、扩展的残疾状况评分(Expanded disability status scale,EDSS)量表对86例多发性硬化患者、85例健康对照者进行评分,了解MS伴发抑郁焦虑,同时应用多元回归分析方法对抑郁焦虑障碍的相关因素进行分析.结果 MS患者抑郁障碍发生率为52.3%(45例),焦虑障碍发生率为32.6%(28例),抑郁伴发焦虑26.7%(13例),均较对照组明显升高(P<0.01).病情活动期、EDSS评分高者抑郁发生率亦高,女性患者抑郁发生率高.结论 MS患者抑郁焦虑发生率较高,早期识别及干预可以明显提高患者的生活质量.     

多发性硬化患者情感障碍研究

目的 初步探讨多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)患者情感障碍的发生频率、特点和发生机制,以及情感障碍对MS患者生活质量的影响.方法 选取37例复发-缓解型MS患者,并均经脑MRI、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、临床功能障碍评分(EDSS)、生活质量评价[包括基本生活能力(ADL)和操作性生活能力(IADL)]检查.分析MS患者情感障碍发生情况及其与其他临床表现的相关关系,以及各因素对情感障碍的影响.结果 所有MS患者发生抑郁占43.2%(16/37),焦虑占37.8%(14/37),抑郁伴焦虑占35.1%(13/37).患者中有、无抑郁组间比较临床表现差异无统计学意义,焦虑组EDSS和IADL评分高于无焦虑组(P＜0.05),低收入者焦虑发生率较高(P＜0.05).抑郁和焦虑与EDSS、ADL及IADL得分呈正相关,经回归分析发现EDSS评分对抑郁、焦虑的影响有统计学意义.糖皮质激素治疗对患者情感无显著影响.结论 情感障碍对MS患者日常生活功能造成不利影响,在某种程度上可能较运动或感觉障碍更影响患者的工作和社会牛活能力.     

帕金森病患者情绪障碍研究

目的 了解帕金森病患者伴发的情绪障碍.方法 采用汉密尔顿焦虑评价量表和抑郁评价量表对100例帕金森病患者和50例对照者进行情绪障碍研究;并根据简易智能状态检查量表、帕金森病统一评价量表(UPDRS Ⅲ)和改良Hoehn-Yahr分级,分别评价帕金森病患者的认知功能和运动障碍严重程度并进行病情分级.结果 帕金森病组患者汉密尔顿焦虑评价量表评分[(14.45±8.30)分]和抑郁评价量表评分[(7.98±6.24)分]均高于对照组[(3.68±3.23)分、(2.76±3.32)分],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);其焦虑症状发生率为49%(49/100),高于对照组(2%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),但早期与中晚期患者之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).帕金森病组患者抑郁症状发生率(12%)虽高于对照组(2%),但组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);中晚期患者抑郁症状发生率高于早期者(P<0.05).帕金森病组焦虑症状主要表现为精神性焦虑及躯体性焦虑,抑郁症状则以焦虑躯体化、认知障碍、迟缓以及睡眠障碍为主;性别与肢体发病侧别对情绪障碍无明显影响,而汉密尔顿焦虑评价量表(r=0.199,P=0.049;r=0.295,P=0.005)和抑郁评价量表(r=0.196,P=0.050;r=0.274,P=0.009)情绪均与病程和UPDRSⅢ评分呈正相关.结论 帕金森病患者以焦虑情绪为主要情绪障碍症状,表现为躯体性焦虑和精神性焦虑,于疾病早期即已出现;而抑郁症状多出现于疾病的中晚期,主要表现为焦虑躯体化、认知障碍、迟缓以及睡眠障碍.     

脑卒中后情感障碍的心理干预及帕罗西汀治疗的临床研究

目的 探讨脑卒中后情感障碍的发生率、脑卒中部位与情感障碍的关系,以及口服帕罗西汀合并早期心理干预对脑卒中后情感障碍患者日常生活能力和神经功能康复的影响.方法 采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)对181例脑卒中患者进行筛查,对脑卒中后同时出现抑郁和焦虑的54例患者随机分成治疗组和对照组,在接受脑血管病常规治疗的基础上,治疗组加用帕罗西汀和心理干预.采用斯堪的那维亚脑卒中量表(SSS)、Barthel指数(BI)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)分别于治疗前、治疗后2周、4周及6周末进行评测.结果 181例患者中发生情感障碍81例(44.75 %),其中66.67%(54例)同时出现抑郁和焦虑,情感障碍的发生与额叶、左侧大脑半球、基底节病灶有关(P<0.05～0.001);治疗后治疗组HAMD、HAMA、SSS评分减少和BI评分增加,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01),治疗后2～6周显效率显著优于对照组(P<0.05～0.01).结论 脑卒中后抑郁/焦虑的发生与脑卒中部位相关;对脑卒中后抑郁/焦虑的患者应用帕罗西汀合并心理干预治疗能显著提高患者神经功能康复程度,促进生活能力的恢复.     

脑卒中患者情感障碍及生活质量研究

目的探讨脑卒中患者情感障碍的发生率,脑卒中部位与情感障碍的关系,以及对患者生活质量的影响。方法运用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、神经功能缺损量表(NFDS)和诺丁汉健康问卷(NHP)对191例脑卒中患者进行现状调查。结果191例患者中发生情感障碍85例(44.5%),55例(65.90%)同时出现抑郁和焦虑。情感障碍的发生与额叶、左侧大脑半球、基底节病灶有关;脑卒中伴情感障碍患者NFDS和NHP评分高。结论脑卒中后情感障碍发生率较高,与脑卒中部位相关,对患者的神经功能及生活质量有明显的影响,不利于脑卒中患者的康复。     

脑中风合并偏瘫患者社会关系质量与情绪异常相关性分析

目的了解脑中风合并偏瘫患者社会关系质量和情绪障碍的现状,并分析两者之间的相关性,为改善脑中风合并偏瘫患者的情绪障碍症状提供参考。方法选取本院2016年1月~2016年12月神经内科收治脑中风继发偏瘫患者72例作为观察对象。采用社会关系质量量表(PSRQ)评估患者社会关系质量,采用17项汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)、14项汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和贝克-拉范森躁狂量表(BRMS)评估患者心理情感障碍。采用Pearson相关性分析探索患者社会关系质量与心理情感障碍症状的相关性。结果调查结果显示,患者社会关系质量总分为(32.8±7.4)分;其中家庭亲密度(13.8±4.9)分、家庭承担得分(10.2±3.8)分、朋友关系(9.7±2.9)分;17项汉密顿抑郁量表评分(54.8±6.6)分、密尔顿焦虑量表评分(48.1±5.2)分和贝克-拉范森躁狂量表评分(38.4±4.5)分。Pearson相关性分析显示,社会关系质量总分与抑郁、焦虑、躁狂均呈现负相关性(P0.01)。在分量表分析中,患者家庭亲密度、家庭承担和朋友关系等3个分量表评分也均与抑郁、焦虑、躁狂呈现负相关性(P0.01)。结论脑中风合并偏瘫患者社会关系质量与心理情感障碍症状呈现负相关,改善其社会关系质量有可能减轻情感障碍症状。     

共患不宁腿综合征对偏头痛患者情绪和睡眠的影响

目的探讨偏头痛患者的不宁腿综合征(RLS)的发病率及其对情绪和睡眠的影响。方法对200例偏头痛患者(偏头痛组)和100名正常成人(对照组)进行RLS发病率、严重程度、睡眠质量和焦虑及抑郁程度评分,比较偏头痛人群与对照组之间的差异。并对共患有RLS的偏头痛患者的情绪和睡眠情况进行分析。结果成人慢性偏头痛组的RLS发病率(16.25%)较对照组(5%)高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);发作性偏头痛组的RLS发病率(12.5%)与对照组(5%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。共患RLS的偏头痛患者较单纯偏头痛者的睡眠质量差、焦虑及抑郁评分高,差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。头痛频率及RLS为抑郁、焦虑及睡眠障碍的影响因素(均P0.05)。偏头痛患者的汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分及匹茨堡睡眠质量量表(PSQI)评分与国际RLS评估量表(IRLS)的相关系数分别为rHAMD=0.397、rHAMA=0.434和rPSQI=0.500;RLS严重程度与抑郁、焦虑及睡眠障碍的严重程度呈正相关关系(均P0.05)。结论慢性偏头痛患者的RLS发病率更高,且RLS症状更严重。RLS的严重程度与抑郁、焦虑和睡眠障碍程度呈正相关关系。     

度洛西汀治疗持续性躯体形式疼痛障碍的临床观察

目的:探讨度洛西汀对持续性躯体形式疼痛障碍(PSPD)的疗效、安全性及对生活质量的影响。方法:对85例PSPD患者予以度洛西汀60 mg/d,疗程8周。分别于治疗前、治疗2、4和8周时对患者进行疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、健康调查简表(SF-36)以及治疗过程中出现的症状量表(TESS)评分。结果:VAS和HAMA评分治疗后2周起、HAMD评分治疗后4周起较治疗前明显下降(P0.05或P0.01);疗程结束时对焦虑和抑郁的有效率分别是69.1%和65.4%,SF-36总分和躯体疼痛、一般健康状况、精力、情感职能、精神健康等因子分较治疗前显著提高(P0.05或P0.01);常见不良反应为食欲减退,恶心和疲乏。结论:度洛西汀治疗PSPD安全有效,并能改善患者生活质量。     

多发性硬化早期患者疲劳认知功能障碍及抑郁和焦虑对生活质量的影响

目的探讨多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)早期患者疲劳、认知功能障碍、抑郁和焦虑对生活质量的影响。方法临床纳入MS患者45例(研究组),同时纳入30例健康者作对照(对照组)。分别采用修订疲劳影响量表、简易精神状态检查量表、Rey听觉词语学测验、简化Rey复杂图形、符号-数字模式测验(symbol digit modalities test,SDMT)、Stroop测验、画钟试验、汉密尔顿焦虑量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表及多发性硬化生活质量量表进行临床测评。结果研究组躯体功能、躯体致角色受限、情绪致角色受限、疼痛、情绪状况、精力、健康认识、社会功能、认知功能、健康压力、健康变化评分均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);研究组较对照组短延迟记忆与长延迟记忆的成绩降低;SDMT测验成绩下降,Stroop测验反应时间长,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。另外,研究组疲劳得分较高(P0.05)。疲劳与生活质量中的躯体功能、躯体问题导致角色受限、情绪问题导致的角色受限、情绪状况、精力、健康认识、认知功能、健康压力、总体生活质量相关(P0.05)。结论 MS患者早期生活质量即明显降低。虽然早期即出现记忆功能、执行功能/信息处理速度损害及焦虑、抑郁、疲劳症状,但仅疲劳对生活质量造成影响。     

情绪对轻中度帕金森病患者认知功能的影响

目的探讨焦虑和抑郁情绪对轻中度帕金森病患者认知功能的影响。方法 71例原发性帕金森病患者,采用统一帕金森病评价量表(UPDRS)和Hoehn-Yahr分级评价病情严重程度、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA,14项)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD,24项)评价焦虑和抑郁情绪、简易智能状态检查量表(MMSE)和蒙特利尔认知评价量表(Mo CA,北京版)评价认知功能,分析焦虑和抑郁情绪对认知功能的影响。结果 71例患者均为轻中度帕金森病患者,出现焦虑61例(85.92%)、抑郁55例(77.46%)、同时出现焦虑和抑郁52例(73.24%)。伴焦虑和抑郁患者UPDRS评分分别高于无焦虑(P=0.016)和无抑郁(P=0.000)患者,伴焦虑患者Mo CA评分低于无焦虑患者(P=0.042)。71例患者中49例(69.01%)出现认知功能障碍,其中轻度认知损害28例(39.44%)、痴呆21例(29.58%)。Logistic回归分析显示,仅焦虑是帕金森病患者认知功能障碍的独立危险影响(OR=10.816,95%CI:1.682~69.560;P=0.012)。结论伴焦虑或抑郁情绪的帕金森病患者病情更严重,存在焦虑的帕金森病患者认知功能障碍患病率更高、程度更严重。     

Depression and quality of life in multiple sclerosis

OBJECTIVES: Health related quality of life (QoL) has gained increasing influence as a relevant evaluation criterion in multiple sclerosis. The high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in MS is, however, hardly ever considered in studies concerning QoL. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 60 patients of a MS outpatient clinic, symptoms of anxiety (Zung Anxiety Scale) and depression (Zung Depression Scale), as well as the health-related quality of life were rated and set into relation to the EDSS and to the duration of illness, respectively. RESULTS: There was a highly significant correlation between depression as well as anxiety and the self-assessed quality of life. Depression was the by far strongest predictor for reduced QoL. CONCLUSION: Clinical studies, which seek to register the increasingly important evaluation criterion of health-related quality of life in MS, should consider the prevalence of depressive disorders and the decisive effect of depression on the self-assessed quality of life of affected patients.     

Impact of recently diagnosed multiple sclerosis on quality of life, anxiety, depression and distress of patients and partners

OBJECTIVES: Studies demonstrating reduced quality of life and psychological well-being in multiple sclerosis (MS) have typically investigated patients within more advanced stages of disease. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the emotional burden and quality of life of recently diagnosed MS patients and their partners. METHODS: Data on health-related quality of life (SF-36), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and disease-related distress (Impact of Event Scale) were obtained in 101 patients and their partners (n=78). RESULTS: On average 8 months after diagnosis (range 0-24 months), 34% of the patients and 40% of the partners had clinically high levels of anxiety, and 36% of the patients and 24% of the partners had levels of severe distress. Scores of anxiety, depression and distress were higher in patients with more functional limitations (Expanded Disability Status Scale=3.0). Quality of life was significantly poorer in patients compared with controls, particularly among those with higher disability. CONCLUSIONS: Both patients and their partners demonstrated high levels of anxiety and distress in the early period after the diagnosis. These findings indicate careful attention by health care professionals to identify those who may benefit from further psychological support.     

Depression and anxiety amongst multiple sclerosis patients

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of symptoms of depression and anxiety amongst multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, and the associations with demographic and clinical characteristics. The current treatment for depression and anxiety was also evaluated amongst the MS patients.
A total of 140 MS patients from Eastern Norway underwent neuropsychiatric and clinical examinations, with registration of symptoms of depression and anxiety (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25), as well as information about any help seeking for depression were obtained.
A total of 31.4% patients reported symptoms of depression, whilst 19.3% reported anxiety; both symptoms were significantly higher than that amongst the general population ( P  < 0.001). Fatigue and younger age at onset were significantly associated with symptoms of depression, whilst fatigue and pain, lower Expanded Disability Status Scale score and younger age at onset were associated with symptoms of anxiety. The proportion of reported treatment of depression was 15.9% and for anxiety 11.1%. Of untreated patients with symptoms, 18.2% expressed the need for treatment.
A greater focus on depression and anxiety amongst MS patients is needed to establish the appropriate treatment for patients suffering from MS.     

多发性硬化患者抑郁的研究

目的研究多发性硬化(MS)患者抑郁的发生率、特点及其相关因素。方法通过汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression，HAMD)了解作者医院32例MS患者的抑郁状况，进而以扩展残疾状况评分(expanded disability status scale，EDSS)评估其神经功能缺损程度，并与其他神经免疫性疾病患者、非免疫性中枢神经系统疾病患者和健康者各30名进行比较；同时分析MS患者年龄、性别、病程、EDSS评分与患者抑郁的相关性。结果MS患者抑郁的发生率为43．6％，明显高于各对照组；患者神经功能缺损程度与抑郁呈正相关；MS患者年龄、性别、病程与抑郁无明显相关。结论MS患者抑郁发生率很高，应引起临床关注；抑郁的发生可能与其中枢神经系统病灶及免疫学异常有关。     

Associations of the Expanded Disability Status Scale with anxiety and depression in multiple sclerosis outpatients

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated cross-sectionally the associations of depression and anxiety with age, sex, duration of illness, educational level, degree of disability and treatment with interferon-beta in outpatients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) during a clinically stable phase of their illness. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The depression status scored on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the symptoms of anxiety assessed using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and the level of disability measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) were quantified in 86 consecutive RRMS patients. RESULTS: Linear regression analyses indicated that EDSS was independently (P < 0.001) associated with BDI and STAI and accounted for 15.7% and 18.5% of the variance in BDI and STAI respectively. The former association retained its statistical significance in multiple regression models adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Disability status is an independent but moderate determinant of depression and anxiety in MS patients.     

Fatigue, depression, and health-related quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis in Isfahan, Iran

Background and purpose: Quality of life (QoL) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is worse than that of other chronic diseases. There is a need to examine the impact of fatigue and depression on the QoL independent of level of physical disability in MS. The aim of this study is to explore physical, psychological, and social aspects of health‐related QoL (HRQoL) of MS patients in association with physical disability, fatigue, and depression. Methods: In a cross‐sectional study, 281 (63.4% women, 36.6% men) patients with MS participated in the study. The HRQoL was assessed by the Persian version of the multiple sclerosis quality of life (MSQoL‐54) questionnaires. Other covariates included in the study were disease type, physical disability, fatigue, disease impact, and depression. Results: In univariate analysis disease type, physical disability, fatigue, disease impact, and depression were significantly associated with both physical and mental health composite summaries of MSQoL‐54. In multivariate regression analysis, patients’ physical disability remained significantly associated with both components of MSQoL‐54, whilst fatigue and depression were associated with physical and mental composite summaries, respectively. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that MS‐related physical disability, fatigue, and depression affect the HRQoL of MS patients, independently of each other and other potential confounding factors. Effective interventions that target fatigue and depression may help improve the QoL of patients, regardless of their disease type and level of disability.     

多发性硬化患者生活质量评估及其影响因素探讨

目的评估多发性硬化患者生活质量水平,并探讨其影响因素。方法收集2012年7月~2016年12月就诊于河南省人民医院复发缓解型多发性硬化患者(relapsing-remitting MS,RRMS)36例,继发进展性多发性硬化患者(secondary progressive MS,SPMS)21例作为研究对象。采用多发性硬化生活质量54项评分(Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 instrument,MSQo L-54)测试MS患者的生活质量;对所有研究对象进行认知功能、抑郁状态、疲劳、睡眠质量及日常生活能力评估。结果 (1)RRMS组及SPMS组患者躯体生活质量(RRMS组58.62±16.32;SPMS组28.77±15.99,P=0.000)、精神生活质量(RRMS组57.33±16.72;SPMS组36.27±23.50,P=0.000)均有下降,SPMS组下降更明显。多元逐步回归法分析,与MS生活质量相关因素中,Hamilton抑郁量表评分处于第一位(β=-0.516,P<0.001),其次为反应躯体化残疾程度的EDSS评分(β=-0.372,P<0.001),第三位为疲劳评分(β=-0.250,P=0.002)。结论 MS患者有不同程度的生活质量下降,SPMS患者更明显。EDSS评分、抑郁、疲劳影响患者生活质量,早期干预抑郁及疲劳,对于改善MS患者生活质量有益。     

帕罗西汀治疗2型糖尿病伴抑郁的研究

目的:探讨帕罗西汀对2型糖尿病伴发抑郁患者生活质量的影响.方法:对45例2型糖尿病伴发抑郁患者给予帕罗西汀治疗.疗程12周.治疗前后分别进行汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)及健康状况调查问卷(SF-36)评定.对照组50例为不伴抑郁的糖尿病患者进行SF-36评定.结果:帕罗西汀能明显改善治疗组抑郁、焦虑症状;治疗前2型糖尿病伴抑郁患者生活质量明显低于对照组.结论:帕罗西汀能明显改善2型糖尿病伴抑郁患者的生活质量及预后.     

文拉法辛对慢性阻塞性肺病合并抑郁焦虑患者的治疗作用

目的：研究文拉法辛对慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）合并抑郁焦虑患者生活质量的影响。方法：采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）及汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）（17项）测量心理状况,将存在轻中度焦虑、抑郁症状的48例COPD患者随机分为文拉法辛组（26例）及对照组（22例）,治疗4周。治疗前后检测患者COPD的各项肺功能指标并用圣乔治呼吸问卷（SGRQ）评价生活质量,应用治疗中出现的症状量表（TESS）评定不良反应。结果：文拉法辛组治疗4周时有效率100%,HAMA及HAMD评分显著降低（P〈0.05）,肺功能均有明显改善（P〈0.05）。结论：文拉法辛能改善COPD患者的焦虑及抑郁症状,提高生活质量。     

Botulinum toxin A in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia

Aims: The aims of this study were to investigate the clinical effects and safety of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in treating trigeminal neuralgia and its influences on accompanied depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and quality of life. Methods and Material: Eighty-seven patients with one-branch classical trigeminal neuralgia were injected with BTX-A in the pain area. The visual analogic scale score, sleep interference score, Hamilton Anxiety Scale score, Hamilton Depression Scale score, and side effects were assessed at 1 week prior to and 8 weeks after treatment, respectively. Results: The effective rates after 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks of treatment were 48.28%, 66.67%, 78.16%, and 80.46%, respectively. The effective rates of anxiety and depression were 90.32% and 96.77%, respectively. When compared to that before treatment, the quality of life was significantly better in terms of role-physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role-emotional, and mental health (all P < 0.01), while physical function was not significantly improved (P = 0.317). Conclusion: BTX-A treatment can significantly relieve the pain in trigeminal neuralgia patients; improve anxiety, depression, and sleep; and increase the quality of life. BTX-A treatment is a safe and effective method to treat classical trigeminal neuralgia.