硫普罗宁治疗抗痨药物性肝炎33例

目的 探讨硫普罗宁对抗痨药物性肝炎的临床疗效.方法 抗痨药物性肝炎66例,随机分成二组,对照组33例常规护肝治疗,治疗组33例加用硫普罗宁注射液0.2,iv drop qd,4周一疗程.结果 治疗组在临床症状消失时间及治疗效果方面显优于对照组,(P＜0.05).结论 硫普罗宁治疗抗痨药物性肝炎有较好疗效.     

硫普罗宁的临床应用研究

目的探讨硫普罗宁的临床应用效果。方法 45例给予硫普罗宁药物进行治疗的患者,随机分为实验组(25例)和对照组(20例),实验组采用硫普罗宁注射液,对照组采用肌内注射硫普罗宁药物,观察两组患者的临床治疗效果。结果实验组患者的治疗总有效率、不良反应的发生率及各项肝功能指标优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论硫普罗宁对于治疗肝病的效果显著,采用静脉滴注的效果优于肌内注射,不良反应的发生率低,值得临床推广。     

硫普罗宁在恶性肿瘤治疗中的临床应用及进展

目的介绍硫普罗宁在恶性肿瘤治疗中的临床应用及进展。方法检索近年来国内外有关硫普罗宁药理作用、临床应用及进展的文献资料,加以整理、归纳。结果硫普罗宁作为新型的的含巯基甘氨酸药物,具有促肝细胞再生、清除自由基、调节免疫和解毒等药理作用。结论硫普罗宁在恶性肿瘤化疗方案中虽为辅助药物,却发挥着预防肝损伤、保护肝功能、防治粒细胞减少、增效减毒及杀伤肿瘤细胞、诱导其凋亡等重要作用。     

脂必泰联合硫普罗宁与阿托伐他汀联合硫普罗宁治疗非酒精性脂肪肝的疗效比较

目的 比较脂必泰联合硫普罗宁与阿托伐他汀联合硫普罗宁治疗非酒精性脂肪肝的疗效.方法 80例非酒精性脂肪肝病患者,随机分为脂必泰联合硫普罗宁组和阿托伐他汀联合硫普罗宁组,疗程8周.观察比较两治疗前后肝功能及临床疗效.结果 治疗8周后,治疗组显效33例、有效3例、无效0例、总有效率90.0％,对照组分别为32例、3例、5例、87.5％,两组总有效率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组治疗后肝功能较治疗前明显改善(t =751.130、19.710、19.835、279.093,均P＜0.05);两组治疗后血脂均较治疗前明显改善(t=24.174、738.588、140.730、506.385,均P＜0.05),两组治疗后血脂水平差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05).结论 脂必泰联合硫普罗宁与阿托伐他汀联合硫普罗宁治疗非酒精性脂肪肝均安全有效.     

注射用硫普罗宁钠与与注射用硫普罗宁的比较分析

通过比较注射用硫普罗宁钠与注射用硫普罗宁生产工艺、性质、安全性等的比较分析。注射用硫普罗宁钠的上市为广大肝病患者提供了新的治疗药物,其质量可控、疗效确切、临床安全、使用方便,为广大急、慢性肝病患者带来福音,市场应用前景广阔,将产生良好的社会效益和经济效益。     

硫普罗宁纳在临床中的应用进展初探

目的：探究硫普罗宁纳在临床中的应用进展。方法对国内外近几年关于硫普罗宁纳的药理作用、药动学、临床应用以及不良反应等文献进行分析、整理和归纳。结果硫普罗宁纳作为一种新型的含巯基甘氨酸药物,具有促进肝细胞再生、对重金属解毒以及清除自由基等的药理作用。结论硫普罗宁纳不仅可以用于治疗急性和慢性肝炎、酒精性和非酒精性脂肪肝、肝硬化以及药物肝损伤,同时还可以用来腹部手术后胃黏膜损伤的保护,以及肝肿瘤围术期肝脏功能的保护。     

硫普罗宁联合促肝细胞生成素治疗药物性肝损伤52例临床分析

目的研究硫普罗宁联合促肝细胞生成素治疗药物性肝损伤的临床疗效。方法 52例药物性肝损伤患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。结果治疗组治疗后,肝功能明显改善,且改善幅度明显高于对照组;治疗组早期应用硫普罗宁及促肝细胞生成素可以提高疗效、缩短病程。结论硫普罗宁联合促肝细胞生成素治疗药物性肝损伤疗效显著。     

注射用硫普罗宁治疗慢性乙型肝炎疗效观察

目的　观察注射用硫普罗宁治疗慢性乙型肝炎的临床疗效。方法　 30例慢性乙型肝炎患者随机分为治疗组 2 0例和对照组 1 0例。治疗组以注射用硫普罗宁治疗 ,对照组采用肝炎灵注射液治疗 ,2组疗程均为 3周。结果　 2组患者的临床症状 ,肝功能都有明显改善 ,但治疗组疗效明显优于对照组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,总有效率为95 % ,且均未发现明显不良反应。结论　注射用硫普罗宁治疗慢性乙型肝炎有良好的改善临床症状和肝功能指标的作用 ,安全有效     

硫普罗宁致肾病综合征的报告分析

目的:探讨硫普罗宁导致肾病综合征的特点及治疗,为临床安全用药提供参考.方法:经查阅相关文献,对硫普罗宁引起肾病综合征患者的临床病理特点、治疗预后等进行总结,并对我院收治的2名因使用硫普罗宁导致肾病综合征患者的实际情况进行分析.结果:文献报道29例硫普罗宁引起的肾病综合征病例,其中,男性16倒,女性13例;年龄最小20个月,最大73岁;用药1月～2年的患者有14例;9例行肾活检,以膜性肾病为主(6例);29例患者中给予激素治疗者3例,免疫抑制剂治疗者1例,其他给予对症支持治疗者25例,所有患者均恢复正常,完全恢复时间小于5周.我科收治2例患者,男女各1名,年龄分别为76岁和62岁,院外抗结核常规给予硫普罗宁保肝治疗,分别在用药9、11周后出现大量蛋白尿、低蛋白血症,临床诊断肾病综合征;1例肾活检病理诊断肾小球微小病变,未给予激素及免疫抑制剂治疗,停用硫普罗宁后1～2个月肾病自行缓解.结论:硫普罗宁长期应用可以导致肾病综合征,病理类型表现多样,多数停药后可自行缓解.建议长期使用该药的患者应注意肾脏损害,早期发现及时停药,预后较好.     

硫普罗宁治疗老年药物性肝损伤疗效观察

目的：观察硫普罗宁治疗老年药物性肝损伤的临床疗效。方法：将符合诊断标准的患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组50例,给予维生素、氨基酸、肝泰乐等基础治疗,同时加用硫普罗宁肠溶片,4周为一个疗程;对照组仅给予基础治疗。结果：治疗结束后两组临床症状及体征、ALT、AST、TBIL等指标均有改善,且治疗组优于对照组,同时治疗组总有效率为98.0%,对照组为84.0%,两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。结论：硫普罗宁治疗药物性肝损伤具有良好疗效。     

Efficacy of gut lavage,hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the therapy of paraquat or diquat intoxication

Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.

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Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.

     

In vitro studies on sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) as enzyme carriers in organophosphorus (OP) antagonism

This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.     

Steroidal sapogenin contents in some domestic plants

In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Aquatic Insects and Trace Metals: Bioavailability,Bioaccumulation, and Toxicity

Abstract

The uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors.