肝细胞生长因子对肝纤维化的保护作用及其机制研究

目的 观察肝细胞生长因子(HGF)对实验性肝纤维化大鼠的保护作用及其可能的作用机制.方法 采用CCl4复合因素造模,HE染色观察肝组织形态学变化,赖氏法检测ALT、AST,TUNEL标记法检测肝细胞凋亡百分率,免疫组化方法观察增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、bcl-2、bax、Cyt C、caspase-3表达.结果 造模5～8周时,模型组可见肝小叶结构紊乱,纤维组织明显增生,并向肝小叶内延伸分割肝小叶,造模8周可形成假小叶.与模型组比较,HGF治疗组肝细胞变性坏死、炎性细胞浸润及纤维组织增生较轻(P<0.01),ALT、AST水平下降(P<0.05),肝细胞凋亡明显减少(P<0.05),PCNA阳性表达明显增高(P<0.05),bcl-2表达明显增多(P<0.01),同时bax、Cyt C、caspase-3表达显著减少(P<0.05).结论 HGF通过调节线粒体途径抑制肝细胞凋亡、促进肝细胞增殖而发挥对实验性肝纤维化大鼠的保护作用.     

白藜芦醇对小鼠酒精性肝损伤的抑制作用

①目的观察白藜芦醇对乙醇所致酒精性肝损伤的抑制作用,探讨可能机制。②方法用50％乙醇灌胃造成肝损伤模型,同时用高（0．08g /kg）、中（0．04g /kg）、低（0．02g /kg）剂量白藜芦醇灌胃干预,设正常和模型对照组,连续灌胃10天。检测指标：小鼠一般状态,测定体质量,肝重与肝指数;血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）活性;肝组织丙二醛（MDA）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性;小鼠肝组织病理变化。③结果与正常组比较,模型组小鼠体质量和肝指数降低,血清 ALT及 AST活性显著升高,肝匀浆 MDA含量明显升高,SOD含量降低;与模型组比较,白藜芦醇组小鼠体质量和肝指数有所升高,血清ALT及AST活性显著降低,肝匀浆 MDA明显降低,SOD含量升高,并呈明显量效关系;模型组小鼠肝细胞明显气球样变性、坏死和明显炎细胞浸润,白藜芦醇能明显改善肝细胞坏死病变程度。④结论白藜芦醇对酒精所致小鼠肝损伤有一定的抑制作用,对肝细胞起保护作用,其机制可能与抑制脂质过氧化损伤有关。     

橙皮苷对刀豆蛋白A所致小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用

目的探讨橙皮苷对刀豆蛋白A(ConA)所致小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用。方法小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、联苯双酯组、橙皮苷低、中、高剂量组,各组分别灌胃给药7 d,采用尾静脉注射ConA建立急性肝损伤模型,检测各组小鼠肝脾指数,测定血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)水平,检测肝匀浆中谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)含量和caspase-3活性和TNF-α水平,观察肝组织病理学变化。结果与正常组比较,模型组肝脾指数显著增高,肝组织炎性坏死明显,血清ALT、AST升高,肝匀浆中GSH含量显著降低,MDA含量显著升高,同时肝组织caspase-3活性和TNF-α水平亦显著增高(均P0.01)。与模型组比较,橙皮苷能显著降低肝脾指数,改善肝组织损伤程度,降低血清ALT、AST水平,提高肝匀浆中GSH水平,降低MDA含量,降低caspase-3活性和TNF-α水平(P0.05,P0.01)。结论橙皮苷对ConA诱导的小鼠免疫性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用,其机制可能与抑制氧化应激反应,清除自由基,抑制TNF-α释放及caspase-3活化有关。     

褪黑素抑制酒精性脂肪肝发展的动物实验研究

目的：利用酒精性脂肪肝大鼠模型,探讨褪黑素对酒精性脂肪肝的保护作用和相关机制。方法42只 SD 雌性大鼠随机分成4组：模型组12只,正常组、褪黑素低剂量组和褪黑素高剂量组各10只,用酒精灌胃法,持续8周制造出大鼠酒精性脂肪肝模型。褪黑素组大鼠在酒精灌胃后腹腔注射褪黑素。8周实验结束后,HE 染色观察大鼠肝脏病理改变,免疫组化法检测肝组织中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白介素-6(IL-6)的表达。生化法检测各组大鼠谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、胆红素(TBIL)的水平以及大鼠肝匀浆中丙二醛( MDA)的水平和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)的活性。结果与正常组比较,模型组肝细胞可见较多的炎性细胞浸润,脂肪变性明显,大量脂肪空泡出现,而褪黑素各组大鼠肝组织病理变化程度均较模型组减轻。与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清中肝生化指标( ALT、 AST 和TBIL)水平明显升高(P <0．01),肝匀浆中 MDA 含量明显升高(P <0．01),GPx 活性明显降低(P <0．01),而褪黑素低、高剂量组大鼠肝生化水平较模型组显著降低(P <0．05),肝匀浆 MDA 含量较模型组显著降低(P <0．01),GPx 活性较模型组明显升高(P <0．01)。并且褪黑素能降低大鼠肝组织中 TNF-α和 IL-6的表达(P <0．01)。结论褪黑素可能抑制大鼠酒精性脂肪肝的发展,具体机制与其抵抗氧化应激作用和抑制肝组织中 TNF-α和 IL-6等相关因子的表达有关。     

大豆磷脂对四氯化碳致肝细胞损伤的保护作用

目的 观察大豆磷脂脂质体(SPL)的累积对四氯化碳导致肝细胞损伤的保护作用.方法 新生的小鼠肝细胞原代培养24 h后分为正常对照组、损伤组和SPL保护组.损伤组采用CC14作用于培养的小鼠肝细胞3 h:SPL保护组在加入损伤因素的同时分别加入不同浓度(0.2、0.4、0.8和1.6 mmol/mL)的SPL继续培养3 h.观察细胞生长情况.采用MTT法测定肝细胞的存活率;测定肝细胞培养液中乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)的活力,以及肝细胞丙二醛(MDA)的含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活力.结果 与正常对照组比较,损伤组肝细胞存活率明显降低(P＜0.01),培养液中LDH、ALT释放量明显增加(P＜0.01),肝细胞中SOD活力显著降低(P＜0.01),MDA含量显著升高(P＜0.01);SPL保护各组与损伤组相比,细胞存活率均明显升高(P＜0.01),培养液中LDH、ALT释放明显减少(P＜0.01),肝细胞中MDA含量显著降低(P＜0.01),SOD活力显著升高(P＜0.01),并均呈一定的剂量依赖关系.结论 大豆磷脂脂质体对四氯化碳致肝细胞损伤具有明显的保护作用.     

肝细胞增殖、凋亡与肝纤维化关系的实验研究

目的 动态观察实验性肝纤维化大鼠肝细胞增殖、凋亡情况,探讨肝细胞增殖、凋亡与肝纤维化进展的关系.方法 Wistar大鼠分为正常、对照组和肝纤维化模型组,HE染色观察肝组织形态学变化,赖氏法检测ALT、AST,竞争性放射免疫分析法测定透明质酸、Ⅳ型胶原,免疫组化方法检测PCNA(增殖细胞核抗原)的表达,TUNEL标记法检测肝细胞凋亡百分率.结果 (1)病理形态学分析和血清检测结果:造模5周末模型组可见肝小叶结构紊乱,汇管区扩大,纤维组织增生,8周末有明显完整的纤维间隔包绕肝结节形成假小叶;造模5周及8周末,模型组血清ALT、AST、透明质酸、Ⅳ型胶原较正常组明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).(2)肝细胞增殖率测定(PCNA):造模5周及8周末,模型组大鼠肝细胞增殖明显多于正常组(P＜0.01),模型组造模5周与8周相比,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).(3)肝细胞凋亡率测定(TUNEL法):造模5周及8周末,模型组大鼠肝细胞凋亡明显多于正常组(P＜0.01).结论 肝纤维化时肝细胞凋亡较正常对照组增加,提示肝细胞凋亡是肝细胞增生不良、肝纤维化进展的重要促动因素.     

柴胡总提物对大鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用

目的:观察柴胡总提物对大鼠酒精性肝损伤的保护作用.方法:SD大鼠随机分为3组:酒精组、柴胡组、正常对照组,采用白酒灌胃辅以高脂饲料的方法建立大鼠酒精性肝损伤模型,给予柴胡总提物保护.检测血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、甘油三酯(TG)及肝组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-px)、丙二醛(MDA)水平;HE染色观察肝脏的病理变化.结果:酒精性肝损伤大鼠血清ALT、AST活性和TG含量明显升高(P＜0.01),肝组织GSH-px活性显著下降、MDA含量显著升高(P＜0.01);柴胡总提物能明显提高模型组大鼠肝组织GSH-px活性、降低MDA含量,降低血清ALT、AST活性和TG含量(与模型组比较:P＜0.01).柴胡总提物还能明显改善由酒精引起的肝组织脂肪样变和小叶片状坏死,柴胡组大鼠肝小叶结构趋于正常.结论:柴胡总提物能抑制酒精诱导脂质过氧化反应对肝组织的损伤,对酒精性肝损伤有明显保护作用.     

不同剂量苦碟子注射液抗大鼠肝纤维化的实验研究

目的:探讨不同剂量苦碟子注射液对复合因素致大鼠肝纤维化的治疗作用及各剂量间疗效的比较。方法:采用CCL4和酒精复合诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型,同时采用大、中、小剂量苦碟子注射液治疗,测定谷-丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷-草转氨酶(AST)、羟脯氨酸(HYp)含量及脂质过氧化指标超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平,并以光镜观察组织学改变,综合分析不同剂量苦碟子注射液对CCL4和酒精复合诱导大鼠肝纤维化模型的作用。结果:苦碟子注射液有显著降低ALT,AST、Hyp作用,并能使肝组织MDA降低,SOD升高,均有极显著性意义(P<0.01)。经治疗后的肝细胞损伤、肝脏脂肪变性与纤维组织形成较少。其中大、中剂量组的疗效比小剂量组为好,而高、中剂量组两者之间的差异无显著意义。结论:本实验提示苦碟子注射液大、中剂量组抗肝纤维化的作用优于低剂量组,且苦碟子注射液保护肝细胞、减少肝纤维化的刺激因素的作用机制可能就在于抗脂质过氧化反应。     

山茱萸不同有效部位抗肝损伤作用的比较及急性毒性试验研究

目的:研究山茱萸不同活性部位对小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用及急性毒性.方法:提取山茱萸多糖、山茱萸总苷、山茱萸三萜酸,测定三种活性部位的半数致死量(LD50)或最大耐受量(MTD).制作0.2％ CCL4急性肝损伤模型,HE染色观察肝组织病理学改变,检测血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性,肝组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量.结果:山茱萸多糖部位、山茱萸总苷部位、山茱萸三萜酸部位最大耐受量分别相当于50 kg人临床日用量的75、250、191.6倍.病理学结果显示模型组肝细胞出现明显的脂肪变性,汇管区炎细胞浸润增多,而山莱萸三个活性部位均能减轻肝细胞脂肪变性,减少炎细胞浸润,尤以山茱萸三萜酸部位高剂量组作用显著.与正常组比较,模型组血清ALT、AST活性明显升高,小鼠肝组织匀浆MDA含量显著升高而GSH含量及SOD活性显著降低(P＜0.01),与模型组比较,山茱萸三个活性部位血清ALT、AST活性,肝组织匀浆MDA含量明显降低(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),而SOD活性及GSH含量显著升高(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),尤其山茱萸三萜酸部位变化明显.结论:山茱萸多糖部位、山茱萸总苷部位、山茱萸三萜酸部位急性毒性均很小,均有保肝作用,尤其三萜酸活性部位保肝作用显著,并呈剂量相关性,其保肝机制可能与抑制脂质过氧化有关.     

肝纤维化大鼠肝表面温度与肝组织形态学变化的相关性研究

目的 :探讨肝纤维化发生、发展过程中肝脏温度的变化规律。方法 :采用红外热像和组织芯片技术 ,研究四氯化碳所致大鼠肝纤维化模型肝脏表面温度与肝组织病理变化的关系。结果 :2w模型组大鼠肝组织病理变化以炎症、肝细胞脂肪变性为主 ,肝表面平均温度较对照组明显升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ;4w模型组在肝细胞变性、坏死的同时 ,ECM增生 ,肝纤维化逐渐形成 ,模型组与对照组肝表面温度无明显差异 ;6w模型组肝细胞大量坏死 ,中央静脉及汇管区纤维化隔形成 ,肝表面温度较对照组明显降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ;8w模型组肝组织形成完整的假小叶 ,肝表面温度较对照组明显降低 (P <0 0 1)。结论 :肝纤维化发生、发展过程中肝表面温度随肝纤维化病程的进展呈规律性变化     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.