福辛普利联合冬虫夏草制剂对早期2型糖尿病肾病微量白蛋白尿的影响

目的 探讨福辛普利联合冬虫夏草对早期2型糖尿病肾病（CKD1期）微量白蛋白尿、肾功能的影响。方法 68例2型糖尿病肾病患者随机分为2组，联合用药组32例，福辛普利组36例。测定治疗前后患者2Ah尿微量白蛋白排泄率（UAE）、内生肌酐清除率（CCr）。结果 联合用药组降低UAE效果显著优于福辛普利组（P〈0．05）。联合用药组改善肾小球高滤过状态的作用较福辛普利组更显著（P〈0．05）。结论 福辛普利与冬虫夏草制剂联合治疗早期2型糖尿病肾病，可降低尿微白蛋白、延缓肾功能不全的发展，效果显著。     

杏丁注射液联合福辛普利治疗IgA肾病临床疗效观察

目的观察杏丁注射液联合福辛普利治疗IgA肾病的临床效果。方法将56例IgA肾病患者随机分为杏丁注射液联合福辛普利组和福辛普利组，观察两组的疗效。结果4周后，联合组24h屎蛋白定量明显下降（P〈0．01），血白蛋白（AIb）水平升高（P〈0．01），疗效优于福辛普利组；4周后，联合组BUN有一定程度下降（P〈0．01），疗效优于福辛普利组，联合组和单用福辛普利组治疗后，SCr比较，联合组明显低于福辛普利组（P〈0．05）。结论杏丁注射液联合福辛普利治疗IgA肾病的患者，可以减轻屎蛋白，改善和稳定肾功能，疗效优于单用福辛普利者。     

福辛普利和络沙坦联用治疗老年早期糖尿病肾病疗效观察

目的 观察福辛普利和络沙坦联合应用对早期糖尿病肾病的保护作用。方法 将74例老年2型糖尿病肾病患者随机分为三组：对照组、福辛普利组、福辛普利＋络沙坦组，16周后，观察治疗前后各组患者的平均动脉压（MAP）、尿白蛋白排泄率（UAER）、内生肌酐清除率（CCr）、尿素氮（BUN）变化.结果 单用福辛普利和联合应用络沙坦治疗早期糖尿病肾病，均有明显降低血压、尿白蛋白排泄率和尿素氮的作用，各组在治疗前后差异有显著性（P〈0．001或P〈0．05）；但联合用药组效果更好，尤其是联合用药组降低尿白蛋白排泄率作用与同期两单用组比较，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论 福辛普利和络沙坦联合应用能有效减少早期糖尿病肾病患者的蛋白尿、尿素氮，改善肾功能。     

福辛普利对高血压病患者胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的：探讨福辛普利对高血压病患者胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法：将200例高血压病患者随机分为福辛普利组100例,硝苯地平组100例,福辛普利组口服福辛普利（商品名蒙诺）5～10mg,每日1次,硝苯地平片10～20mg,每日3次．8周为一疗程。观察治疗前后空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、空腹胰岛素、餐后2h胰岛素及胰岛素敏感性指数的变化。结果：两组患者治疗前后空腹血糖差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,福辛普利组治疗后餐后2h血糖、空腹胰岛素、餐后2h胰岛素和胰岛素敏感性指数与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。硝苯地平组治疗前后各项指标差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：福辛普利能显著降低高血压病患者餐后2h血糖、提高血胰岛素敏感性指标,从而改善胰岛素抵抗。     

急性心肌梗死患者早期纤溶活性和血管紧张素Ⅱ水平的变化及福辛普利的干预研究

目的探讨急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者早期纤溶活性和血管紧张素Ⅱ水平的变化及福辛普利的干预作用。方法将39例发病24h内的AMI患者随机分为福辛普利组（21例）和常规治疗组（18例），福辛普利组在常规治疗基础上口服福辛普利（10mg／d），检测治疗前和治疗后2周纤溶酶原激活剂抑制物-1（PAI-1）古量与活性、组织纤溶酶原激活剂（t-PA）活性及血管紧张素Ⅱ（AngⅡ）浓度，并取20名正常人作为正常对照组。结果AMI患者PAI-1含量和活性、AngⅡ水平明显高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）；t-PA活性明显低下正常对照组（P〈0。01）。AMI患者血浆AngⅡ浓度与PAI-1含量和活性成显著正相关（r分别为0．78和0．61，均P〈0．01），与t-PA活性无关（r=0．24．P〉0.05）。治疗后2周福辛普利组较常规治疗组PAI-1含量和活性、AngⅡ浓度显著降低（P〈0．01），t-PA活性明显升高（P〈0．01）。结论AMI患者早期纤溶活性降低并与肾素．血管紧张素系统（RAS）激活有关，福辛普利通过降低AngⅡ水平可以提高AMI患者内源性纤溶活性，可能是血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）抑制剂减少AMI后再梗死事件和早期病死率的重要机制之一。     

咪哒普利降压疗效和不良反应比较研究

目的 对照比较咪哒普利、贝那普利、坎地沙坦、硝苯地平缓释剂治疗1～3级高血压病的疗效和安全性.方法 对入选283例1～3级高血压病患者,随机分为4组：（A组）咪哒普利组（咪哒普利5～10mg,1次/d,n＝88）;对照组分别为（B组）贝那普利组（10～20mg,1次/d,n＝70）、（C组）坎地沙坦组（4～8mg,1次/d,n＝58）和（D组）硝苯地平缓释剂组（10～30mg,1次/d,n＝67）,治疗4周,观察用药前、后坐位血压,记录不良反应.结果 （1）4组的总有效率分别为咪哒普利组84.1%、贝那普利组70.0%、坎地沙坦组81.0%、硝苯地平缓释剂组80.9%,4组之间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.4组血压前后均显著下降（P＜0.01）,其中咪哒普利组和硝苯地平缓释剂组降压效果分别与贝那普利组比较均存在差异,有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.（2）4组不良反应发生率分别为咪哒普利组7.9%、贝那普利组15.7%、坎地沙坦组15.3%、硝苯地平缓释剂组26.9%,而咪哒普利咳嗽发生率仅为6.8%.结论 咪哒普利降压效果肯定,耐受性较好,特别是咳嗽不良反应明显降低.     

福辛普利治疗高血压病21例疗效观察

采用随机单盲试验，观察福辛普利对轻、中度原发性高血压疗效。结果显示，治疗8周后福辛普利降压效果明显（P＜0．01），总有效率达95％；治疗后的血尿素氮、血肌酐、血糖、血清总胆固醇及尿蛋白均有明显下降。提示福辛普利降压效果理想，尤其适合高血压合并肾功能不全、高脂血症、糖尿病患者。     

福辛普利治疗原发性高血压效果观察

为比较福辛普利与卡托普利的降压效果与安全性,将６０例原发性高血压患者随机分为福辛普利组和卡托普利组治疗３个月。结果：福辛普利和卡托普利降压的总有效率分别为９０％和８６７％（Ｐ＞００５）,动态血压监测福辛普利有效率为９３３％,卡托普利为７０％（Ｐ＜００５）。福辛普利谷峰比：收缩压６９％,舒张压６２％。认为福辛普利治疗原发性高血压安全有效,具有２４ｈ稳定降压的效果     

氯沙坦与培哚普利治疗老年轻、中度高血压病的疗效研究

目的：比较氯沙坦和培哚普利治疗老年轻、中度高血压的临床疗效与不良反应。方法：88例老年轻、中度高血压患，随机分为氯沙坦组（A组n=42)口服氯沙坦50－100mg，每日一次，培朵普利组（B组n=46)；口服培哚普利4－8mg，每日一次，持续12周，分别观察两组治疗前后偶测血压、24小时动态血压、血脂、血尿酸变化，记录不良反应。结果：①两组治疗前后的降压有效率和降压幅度比较无显性差异（有效率P＞0．05，收缩压下降幅度P＞0．05，舒张压下降幅度P＞0．05）；②氯沙坦和培哚普利能同样降低老年高血压病人各时点及24小时、日间、夜间的平均SBP、DBP、和血压负荷。③两降低的谷／峰比满意，氯沙坦降压的SBP和DBP T／P比分别为68．3％和79．7％，培哚普利分别为68．4％和79．8％；④氯沙坦组治疗后血尿酸明显下降（P＜0．01），而培哚普利组治疗前后血脂与血尿酸值比较无显性差异（P＞0．05）；⑤培哚普利组咳嗽发生率为6．5％，氯沙坦组无一例出现咳嗽反应。结论：氯沙坦和培哚普利治疗老年轻、中度高血压具有同样的降压效果，氯沙坦的主要优点是咳嗽发生率低，能明显降低血尿酸。     

福辛普利与卡托普利对老年高血压病人微量白蛋白尿和肾小球滤过率的影响

目的　观察转换酶抑制剂 (ACEI)对老年高血压病人微量白蛋白尿 (UAE)和肾小球滤过率 (GFR)的影响。比较不同半衰期ACEI药物上述作用的差别。方法　选择 10 8例老年高血压病 2～ 3级患者 ,微量白蛋白尿在64mg～ 5 0 8mg 2 4h。肾小球滤过率在 3 1ml～ 71ml·min- 1 1.73m- 2 之间 ,按序数分成均等二组 :福辛普利组、卡托普利组 ,分别进行治疗前后、二组之间降压幅度、UAE、GFR的比较。结果　福辛普利组、卡托普利组二种药物降压总有效率分别为 94%、93 %、(P >0 .0 5 )。但福辛普利对UAE、GFR的效果明显好于卡托普利 ,二组比较有显著差异性。福辛普利组未见干咳现象 ,而卡托普利组干咳发生率为 16.7%。结论　福辛普利除有良好的降压作用外 ,尚有更好地降低UAE、提高GFR的作用     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.