加快发展我国英文版科技期刊、扩大其国际影响

介绍了我国英文版科技期刊的现状,分析了目前我国英文版科技期刊对提高我国科技期刊国际影响力的重要作用,阐明了办好我国英文版科技期刊对促进我国科技期刊走向世界的重要意义。     

关于我国社区护理管理的现状及对策探讨

在我国社区起步较晚,而且受我国经济水平、社区护理管理水平等因素的干扰,我国社区护理发展速度较为缓慢。为提高我国社区护理水平,一个重要的步骤就是提高我国的社区护理管理水平。通过针对我国目前的护理管理现状,初步提出了一些相应的改进策略。     

关于完善我国农村公共卫生体制的相关建议

作为一个农业大国,我国的农村公共卫生问题直接关系到我国农村的整体建设,同时也关乎到我国和谐社会的建设和发展。本文主要针对如何完善我国农村公共卫生体制展开论述,力图为我国将来的农村公共卫生体制改革提供建设性的意见,促进我国的农村公共卫生体制不断得到优化和发展。     

试论我国公共卫生体系的危机与重建

经历SARS危机后,我国公共卫生体系的种种弊端暴露无遗,本文将分两个部分对我国公共卫生的现状与未来重建的思路进行分析与探讨,在第一部分我们将试图揭示我国公共卫生体系的现状,指磷我国当前公共卫生体系存在的诸多问题,并对造成目前我国公共卫生体系危机的原因进行初步分析;在第二部分,结合第一部分对我国公共卫生体系现状与危机的分析,我们将对我国未来公共卫生体系的重建提出自己的看法。     

中医全科医生在社区卫生服务中的重要性

随着我国城市化进程的不断加快,我国的社区建设呈现出如火如荼的发展态势,社区建设逐渐走向专业化与一体化,对于社区建设的部分,我国发展部门主张全面建设,健康卫生服务与之兼顾,但是随着社区老人与儿童的增多,卫生服务的种类也必须增加,保证我国社区卫生服务的有效性,其中中医全科医生是健全我国基层的卫生健康体系的重要角色,为我国未来的社区建设打下了基础与理论保证。本文通过阐述我国社区建设中社区卫生服务的发展现状,探究中医全科医生在我国社区卫生服务中的重要性与重要意义,探究优化我国中医全科医生在社区卫生服务的具体措施与策略。     

美国全方位养老服务计划及对我国医养结合的启示*

随着我国人口老龄化的不断加剧,医养结合应运而生,成为我国应对人口老龄化的重要举措,但目前我国医养结合的发展仍然存在许多问题。通过文献综述美国全方位养老服务计划的产生与发展、服务对象、服务提供主体和服务内容,分析其对发展我国医养结合事业的经验启示,以提升我国养老服务的能力和水平,为我国积极应对老龄化助力。     

建设我国医院职业化管理队伍探析

随着加入WTO后医疗市场的开放,我国医疗市场的竞争日趋激烈,培育我国职业化医院管理者的工作迫在眉睫.文章通过分析我国医院管理人员的现状,指出建设我国医院职业化管理队伍的重要意义,并从人力资源管理的角度系统地提出了建设我国医院职业化管理队伍的途径.     

门诊部护理工作中的难点及应对策略

我国经济发展,人民物质生活水平的提高,人口数量的增加,对于我国医疗提出更高的要求,与此同时我国医疗水平也在不断上升中,目前我国医疗卫生机构已达一百万余个,国家政府对于人民健康问题的重视,更加速了我国医疗事业的发展。在医疗事业的基层单位中,门诊部护理工作显得尤为重要,不可否认门诊部护理工作为我国医疗事业的发展奠定了坚实的基础,是我国医疗事业发展的重要跳板。在本文中,我们将会重点论述门诊部护理工作的重要作用,同时针对门诊部护理工作中的难点进行讨论分析,并提出合理化的应对策略,更好的促进我国医疗事业的发展,造福于我国人民。     

关于加强少数民族地区癌症综合防治工作的意见

各省、自治区、直辖市卫生厅局、民（宗）委（厅、局）：癌症是严重威胁我国居民健康的疾病,目前我国癌症每年发病人数约260万,死亡180万,癌症死亡人数占我国居民死亡人数的近1／4,过去30年我国癌症死亡率增加了80％。随着我国城镇化、工业化、老龄化进程日益加速,癌症对我国居民的健康危害还将日趋严重,癌症已经成为消耗我国有限卫生资源的主要公共卫生问题之一。     

21世纪初期我国农村初级卫生保健实施策略研究——方法与依据

1990年 3月 ,由卫生部会同国家计委、农业部、国家环保局和全国爱卫会 5部委联合制定下发的我国农村初级卫生保健第一个 10年规划《我国农村实现“2 0 0 0年人人享有卫生保健”的规划目标》,在指导我国农村初级卫生保健的发展中发挥了重要作用 ,极大地推进了我国农村初级卫生保健工作的进程 ,促进了我国农村卫生事业的发展。随着新世纪的到来 ,我国政府在第一个 10年规划中提出的初级卫生保健奋斗目标 ,经过我国政府和我国人民的共同努力而逐步实现。我国政府制定的评价“2 0 0 0年人人享有卫生保健”目标进度的指标与标准体系 ,也随着新世…     

长春新碱过量引起严重毒副反应1例的护理体会

报道1例霍奇金淋巴瘤患者因误用长春新碱（VCR）10mg一次性静脉推注后治疗护理情况。其出现间断性神志恍惚、眼睑闭合不全、言语不清、口腔黏膜糜烂、全身疼痛、麻痹性肠梗阻、尿潴留、手足麻木等症状,经积极解救,禁食,持续胃肠减压、胃管内注入麻油、开塞露、生理盐水灌肠,合理应用肠外营养,注重疼痛、心理护理,做好口腔、肛周护理,预防感染加重,患者病情得到控制好转出院。     

Correlates of stages of change of smoking among inhabitants of deprived neighbourhoods

BACKGROUND: This study examines the prevalence and correlates of stages of change of smoking, in terms of psychosocial, structural and sociodemographic factors, among inhabitants of deprived neighbourhoods. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were obtained from a survey on health related behaviour. Subjects were 2009 current and former smokers, aged 20-46, living in deprived neighbourhoods in Rotterdam, the second largest city in the Netherlands. Three groups of smokers were formed according to the stages of change-definitions of the Transtheoretical Model: smokers not planning to quit (precontemplators), smokers planning to quit (contemplators/preparators) and former smokers (actors/maintainers). Smokers planning to quit and smokers not planning to quit were compared regarding psychosocial factors (attitude, social norm, self-efficacy), structural factors (neighbourhood problems, material deprivation, financial problems, employment status) and sociodemographic factors (age, gender, marital status, cultural background, educational level). Former smokers were compared with smokers planning to quit regarding structural and sociodemographic factors. Logistic regression was used to assess correlates of stages of change. RESULTS: Smokers planning to quit (prevalence = 19%) reported a more positive attitude, stronger social norms and higher self-efficacy expectations in quitting smoking than smokers not planning to quit (prevalence = 57%). Smokers planning to quit less often were Dutch-born, more often had attended higher vocational schooling or university and more often reported experiencing two or more neighbourhood problems compared to smokers not planning to quit. Former smokers (prevalence = 24%) were older, more often Dutch-born, married, employed and higher educated, compared to smokers planning to quit. Furthermore, former smokers less often reported material deprivation and financial problems than smokers planning to quit. CONCLUSION: Among people living in deprived neighbourhoods, different factors correlate with different stages of change of smoking. Implications for health promotion are discussed.     

Choice of measures of vaccination and estimates of risk of pediatric pertussis

BackgroundVaccination uptake at the individual level can be assessed in a variety of ways, including traditional measures of being up-to-date (UTD), measures of UTD that consider dose timing, like age-appropriate vaccination, and risk reduction from individual doses. This analysis compared methods of operationalizing vaccination uptake and corresponding risk of pertussis infection.MethodsCity-wide case-control study of children in Philadelphia aged 3 months through 6 years, between 2001 and 2013. Multiple logistic regression was used to isolate the independent effects of each measure of vaccination uptake and the corresponding relative odds of pertussis.ResultsBeing UTD on vaccinations was associated with a 52% reduction in risk of pertussis (OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.34, 0.69). Evaluation of delayed receipt of vaccine versus on-time UTD yielded similar results. There was a decrease in risk of pertussis for each additional dose received with the greatest reduction in pertussis infection observed from the first (OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.83) and second dose (OR 0.17, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.34). Additional doses conferred minimal additional protection in this age group.ConclusionExamining vaccination status by individual doses may offer improved predictive capacity for identifying children at risk for pertussis infection compared to the traditional UTD measure.     

两种不同肌瘤剔除术治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效比较

目的:比较腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术与腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术的临床疗效。方法:回顾分析63例腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术与61例腹式子宫肌瘤剔除术的临床资料,比较2种手术方式的手术时间、术中出血量、肛门排气时间、使用抗生素时间、术后感染率、体温恢复正常时间、住院时间等情况。结果:两组患者接受子宫肌瘤剔除术顺利完成,腹腔镜组手术时间长于开腹组(P0.05),腹腔镜组术中出血量及剔除肌瘤个数均少于开腹组(P0.05),术后腹腔镜组体温恢复正常时间、肛门排气时间、抗生素使用及住院时间均短于开腹组,两组患者最多随访6个月,腹腔镜组平均康复时间较开腹组短(P0.05),两组随访B超均未发现明显肌瘤结节。结论:腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术损伤小,恢复快,住院时间短,是值得推广的微创手术。     

上海市某医院骨科平均住院日影响因素分析

对上海市某医院2003年-2007年骨科出院病人的住院日描述性分析．2003年-2007年骨科的床位利用指数与平均住院日相关性分析．2003年-2007年骨科床位与医护比例分析．2007年骨科前10大病种平均住院目影响因素分别进行单因素相关性分析和多因素逐步回归分析（STATA软件）。通过对骨科10大病种住院日影响因素分析,术前等待天数、手术类型、是否输血分别对10个、9个和8个病种的住院目有影响。输血因素和手术类型是医院不可控、由病人的病情决定的,术前等待天数是管理因素,是最值得医院重视的影响因素。     

性发育异常发病机制的研究进展

正常的性腺分化可分为3个过程：原始性腺形成、性别决定和卵巢/睾丸发育。在任一环节中,基因表达或调控发生异常均有可能导致性发育异常疾病的发生。性发育异常是指染色体、性腺和解剖性别不典型。随着分子生物学技术的发展,不断地发现新的基因或信号通路参与性腺分化和发育,如SRY、SF1、WT1、Sox9等基因与睾丸发育密切相关,Wnt/Rspo1/B连环蛋白通路、Dax1、Foxl2等基因在卵巢分化中发挥着重要作用,一些非编码RNA和转化生长因子也有重要的调节功能,且睾丸和卵巢发育均为主动过程,即使在出生后因某些基因的改变两者间也可出现横向分化。这些为揭示性分化异常的发病机制提供了可能。     

尘肺病患者145例死因调查

目的分析汉中市尘肺病的发生、发展和死亡原因，以提高尘肺病患者的生存质量。方法对145例尘肺病患者的死因进行回顾性分析，计算其平均发病年龄、死亡年龄及患尘肺病后的存活年限。结果矽肺的平均发病年龄和死亡年龄均早于煤工尘肺和石棉肺，尘肺病的主要死因为患肺部疾患，患尘肺病后的平均存活年限为12a。结论加强职业健康体检工作，对尘肺病人做到早发现早治疗和预防并发症的发生。     

One-year stability of the Measure of Processes of Care

BACKGROUND: The Measure of Processes of Care (MPOC) is a 56-item self-administered measure designed to examine what parents of a child with a chronic health problem think of the services they and their child receive, and to measure the extent to which these services are family-centred. Reliability and validity of the MPOC were established in prior studies. The aim of the present study was to assess the 1-year stability of the MPOC to justify its use as an evaluative tool. METHODS: Nine paediatric rehabilitation centres in the Netherlands participated in this short longitudinal survey study. Subjects were 205 parents (response rate 74.8%) of children aged 1-18 years who received care in one of the participating paediatric rehabilitation centres. All subjects filled out two MPOCs with a 1-year interval. RESULTS: All correlations between the scale scores of the MPOC at the first and second administration were relatively high and significant (range: 0.443-0.609, all P < 0.001), demonstrating high inter-individual stability. However, all mean scale scores, except for Providing General Information, significantly reduced after 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: The MPOC has a moderate 1-year stability. However, because of its tendency to score lower when repeated after 1 year, its use as an evaluative follow-up instrument to assess the effectiveness of a programme intervention is restricted.     

儿童皮质发育畸形的MRI诊断

目的探讨儿童皮质发育畸形(MCD)的MRI表现特点,为MCD的早期诊断提供依据。 方法选择2010年1月至2012年12月在四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院放射科经MRI检查确诊为MCD的44例患儿为研究对象。回顾性分析及总结其MRI影像学特征。本研究遵循的程序符合四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,征得受试对象及其监护人知情同意,并与监护人签署临床研究知情同意书。 结果本组44例经MRI确诊为MCD患儿中,巨脑回-无脑回为17例,多小脑回为14例,灰质异位为9例,脑裂畸形为4例。MCD的MRI特点中,巨脑回表现为脑回增宽、皮质增厚及白质变薄;无脑回表现为正常脑沟、脑回消失,皮质增厚及白质变薄;多小脑回表现为脑回增多、细小;灰质异位表现为皮质下及侧脑室周围深部白质区结节状、团块状或带状病灶,信号与灰质信号相同;脑裂畸形表现为从侧脑室到脑表面贯穿大脑半球的裂隙,表面覆盖灰质。 结论MRI是诊断儿童MCD的可靠影像学方法。     

244株真菌鉴定结果分析

目的 了解某院2000～2001年各类真菌的检出率。方法 用酵母样真菌同化试验编码鉴定板TH-15进行编码鉴定。结果 真菌分离率为8．85％；244株真菌分为10种，其中以白色念珠菌和热带念珠菌较高，分别占真菌总数的75．41％和11．47％；检出真菌的主要标本是痰和阴道分泌物。结论 及时进行真菌培养，有利于合理使用抗菌药物和控制真菌感染。