后程加速超分割放疗结合化疗治疗96例中、晚期食管癌

目的 :评价后程加速超分割放疗结合化疗治疗中、晚期食管癌的临床疗效。方法 :1 76例中、晚期食管癌 ,根据不同的治疗方法分为两组 :单纯根治性放射治疗组 (单放组 )和后程加速超分割放疗结合化疗组 (综合放化组 )。单放组共 80例 ,采用常规设野放疗。照射剂量为 64～ 70Gy。综合组共 96例 ,放射方法均为前 2 3疗程常规放疗 ,每次2 .0Gy,共 40Gy ;后 1 3疗程缩野改为加速超分割放射治疗 ,每天 2次 ,1 .3Gy 次 ,共 2 4～ 30Gy;化疗采用PF方案[顺铂 (DDP) 2 0mg 次静脉点滴 ,第 1～ 5天 ;氟尿嘧啶 (5 FU) 750mg 次静脉点滴 ,持续 8小时以上 ,第 1～ 5天 ,2 8天为 1周期 )。两组均随访 5年 ,失访 1 7例 ,随访率 90 .3 %。结果 :原发灶的近期疗效综合放化组好于单放组 ,两组间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5) ;锁骨上淋巴结转移灶的近期疗效两组间差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5) ;综合放化组与单放组一、三、五年生存率分别为 69.8%、51 .1 %、2 9.2 %和 46 .3 %、2 1 .3 %、1 1 .3 % ,综合组疗效明显好于单放组 ,一、三年生存率两组间差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5) ,但五年生存率两组间差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5)。局部控制率综合放化组明显高于单放组 (P <0 .0 5) ,远处转移率两组相近。综合组的急性放射性气管炎和急性     

放疗加DF方案综合治疗食管癌的临床研究

目的比较单纯常规放疗与放疗加DF综合治疗中晚期食管癌的疗效、生存率与毒性.方法将106例中晚期食管癌按信封法随机分为两组:单放组53例,常规分割,DT60～66Gy/6～6.5周.综合组53例,放疗方法同单放组,在放疗疗程的第1～5天、第29～33天,加DF方案化疗:DDP20mg/m2,每天照射后即刻缓慢(3～4 h)滴注;5-Fu 3.0～4.0g/120 h,静脉泵入.结果综合组近期疗效、Ⅰ Ⅱ级X线片率明显优于单放组(P=0.028);综合组和单放组1,3,5年局部控制率分别为74.4%、65.1%、56.9%和63.8%、33.8%、33.8%(P=0.043);1,3,5年生存率分别为73.0%、40.1%、28.9%和61.1%、21.9%、15.0%(P=0.033);综合组急性毒性明显增加(P＜0.05);两组远期并发症差异无显著性(P＞0.05);综合组局部未控及复发率明显降低(P＜0.05).结论中晚期食管癌放射治疗同步配合DF方案化疗能改善局部控制率,延长生存期,但急性毒性反应明显增加,治疗失败仍以局部为主.     

放射治疗加化学治疗综合治疗食管癌(附180例分析)

目的　比较放射治疗中及放射治疗后配合DOF方案化疗与单纯放射治疗食管癌的疗效。方法　将 1995年收治的 180例中晚期食管癌随机分成 2组 ,单纯放疗组 90例 (单放组 ) ,放疗加化疗组 90例 (综合组 )。放射治疗采用 6MV -X线四野等中心常规放疗DT 66～ 70Gy/6.6～ 7周。化疗在放疗开始后 4± 1周及放疗结束后 15天、45天、75天左右各用 1周期。结果　综合组与单纯组 1、3、5年生存率为 71% (64 /90 )、45 5 % (4 1/90 )、2 5 5 % (2 3 /90 )和 43 % (3 9/90 )、3 2 % (2 9/90 )、12 % (11/90 )。综合组 1、3、5年生存率明显高于单放组 (P <0 .0 5 )。远处转移率 :综合组低于单放组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　放射治疗食管癌疗中、疗后配合DOF方案化疗能降低远处转移率 ,提高生存率 ,值得进一步探讨     

化疗加放射治疗Ⅲb期宫颈鳞癌的疗效

目的　探讨联合诱导化疗提高Ⅲb期宫颈鳞癌放射治疗疗效的方法。方法　 86例Ⅲb期宫颈鳞癌患者先接受CFP方案化疗 ,即环磷酰胺 6 0 0mg ,静脉注入 ,第 1、5天 ;氟尿嘧啶 5 0 0mg ,静脉点滴 ,第 1～ 5天 ;顺铂 2 0mg ,静脉注入 ,第 1～ 5天。化疗结束后即开始放射治疗 ,放射治疗均采用60 Co外照射加192 Ir高剂量率后装治疗。为观察疗效配对抽取单纯放射治疗患者 86例作对比观察。结果　化疗加放射治疗组 (放化组 )和单纯放射治疗组 (单放组 )的 5年生存率分别为 5 5 .8%和 4 0 .7% ,两组间生存率差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。化放组的白细胞减低率和胃肠反应率与单放组比较差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。两组的主要死亡原因为盆腔复发 ,化放组死于远地转移的病例与单放组比较差异无显著性意义 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　以顺铂、氟尿嘧啶、环磷酰胺联合诱导化疗加放射治疗Ⅲb期宫颈鳞癌可以提高疗效 ,虽毒副反应有所增加 ,但患者均可耐受。     

同步放化疗治疗不能手术的食管癌疗效分析

目的 :不能手术的食管癌同步放化疗的疗效观察。方法 :88例食管癌患者根据入选标准随机分组 ,4 3例进入化疗 +放射治疗组 (放化组 ) ,4 5例进入单纯放射治疗组 (单放组 )。放化组 :化疗为DF方案 ,即 5 Fu 5 0 0mg/m2 d1～d4 ,DDP2 0mg/m2 d1 d4 ;放射治疗从第 1天即开始 ,6MV x射线照射 ,三野等中心照射DT 6 0GY 6 5GY/30 33Fr/6 6 5W。单放组 :放射治疗方案同综合组。结果 :放化组的 12个月、2 4个月生存率分别为 76 7%、5 8 1% ,单放组的 12个月、2 4个月生存率分别为 6 6 7%、4 2 2 % ,但二组间的生存率统计学上未显示出统计学差异 (χ2 =2 2 7,P =0 132 )。放化组的 2年远处转移发生率为 16 3% ,低于单放组的 2 8 9% (P <0 0 5 )。放化组的毒性反应大于单放组 ,但患者均能耐受。结论 :以DF方案化疗配合放射治疗不能手术的食管癌降低了远处转移发生率 ,同时有提高远期生存率的可能性 ,虽毒性反应增加 ,但患者均能耐受 ,有进一步研究的价值     

放射治疗加化疗治疗中晚期食管癌的临床研究

为探讨顺铂(DDP)加氟尿嘧啶(5Fu)化疗联合放射治疗中晚期食管癌的疗效,于1993年3月至1997年12月对120例中晚期食管癌进行了分组研究,现报道如下。一、材料与方法1.研究对象:经病理证实食管鳞癌;卡氏评分≥70;无明显远地转移,血常规及心肝肾功能正常,无放射治疗、化疗禁忌证。120例均被分至单纯放射治疗(单放组)和放射治疗加化疗(综合组)2个组;其年龄、性别、病变部位、病理类型及全身情况基本相同,具有可比性(表1)。2.治疗方法:2个组放射治疗均采用60Coγ线或6MVX线,常规3个野照射,肿瘤量60～65Gy,6.0～6.5周完成。综合组在第1～5天加用…     

DF方案化疗合并放射治疗老年中晚期食管癌近期疗效观察

目的观察DF方案化疗合并放射治疗老年中晚期食管癌的疗效及其毒副反应.方法将50例老年中晚期食管癌患者随机配对分为两组行前瞻性临床研究.一组25例放射治疗开始行DF方案化疗(综合组),另一组25例行单纯放疗(单放组).放射治疗均采用6 MV X线常规分割外照射,靶区剂量为50～60 Gy.结果综合组和单放组放疗半量时有效率(CR+PR)分别为68.0%和36.0%(P＜0.05);放疗全量时有效率分别为88.0%和64.0%(P＜0.05).综合组食管炎发生率为48.0%,单放组为24.0%(P＜0.05).综合组52.0%患者出现白细胞减少,单放组20.0%患者出现白细胞减少(P＜0.05).其他毒副反应差异无显著性.结论DF方案化疗合并放射治疗能显著提高老年中晚期食管癌患者的局控率,近期疗效显著.毒副反应明显加重,但经过积极治疗,患者可以耐受.     

放射治疗食管癌配合DF方案化疗

目的　探讨放射治疗配合DF方案化疗对食管癌治疗的价值。方法　将 14 4例食管癌患者随机分为 2组进行研究。综合组72例行放射治疗配合DF方案化疗 ,单放组 72例行单纯放射治疗。 2组随访均 3年。结果　综合组与单放组 1、2、3年生存率分别为 62 .5 %、45 .8%、3 4.7%和 44 .4%、3 1.9%、16.6% ,综合组 1、2、3年生存率明显高于单放组 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,且无严重毒副反应发生。 2组局控率差异无显著意义 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,远地转移率综合组低于单放组 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　放射治疗食管癌配合DF方案化疗是疗效好、值得进一步研究的方法。     

晚期食管癌联合放化疗与单纯放疗疗效比较及复发情况分析

目的　观察晚期食管癌联合放化疗后的治疗效果及复发和转移时间。方法　 4 0例晚期食管癌患者分为两组 ,联合放化疗组 (综合组 )和单纯放疗组 (单放组 )。用60 CO治疗机照射 2Gy/次 ,总量 5 0～ 6 0Gy/ 5～ 6周 ,综合组在放疗d1、5、8周分别给予DDP、VCR、F -FU化疗 ,并随访 1年。结果　综合组和单放组疗效相仿 ,无显著统计学差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ,随访 6个月～ 12个月 ,单放组患者共 14例发生远处转移 ,2例局部复发 ,综合组仅 1例转移 (P <0 0 1) ,有显著统计学意义 ,毒副反应综合组略高于单放组。结论　联合放化疗是控制晚期食管癌复发和转移的主要治疗方案。     

DFP方案加放射治疗380例中晚期食管癌

目的探讨化疗加放疗和单纯放疗对中晚期食管癌 5年生存率的影响。方法 380例中晚期食管癌病人分单放组和放化组 ,单放组剂量 6 0～ 70GY ,放化组于放疗前 2周应用DDP 180mg ,5 Fu 10g ,Pym 14 4mg ,放疗剂量同单放组。结果两组病人 1、3、5年生存率均有差异 ,P <0 .0 5。结论放疗前应用化疗能提高中晚期食管癌的 5年生存率。     

Compliance with guidelines and correlation with outcome in patients with advanced germ-cell tumours

PurposeTo evaluate prior compliance with guidelines in patients treated with salvage chemotherapy for advanced germ-cell tumours (GCT).Patients and methodsData concerning the initial management of patients requiring salvage chemotherapy for GCT at Institut Gustave Roussy between 2000 and 2010 were obtained and correlated with recommendations for treatment. Criteria of non-compliance were defined based on guidelines. Compliance with guidelines, predictive factors for non-compliance and the impact on outcome were analysed.ResultsAmong 82 patients treated in the salvage setting, guidelines to initial treatment were followed in only 41 cases (50%). The most common non-compliance criteria were non-adherence to the planned dose (16%), an inappropriate interval between first-line chemotherapy cycles (16%), the lack of post-chemotherapy surgery (16%) and a long interval to post-chemotherapy surgery (48%). Compliance with standard care was better in cancer centres than in other hospitals (private or public) (Odd Ratio (OR): 6.9, P = 0.001). A poor-risk status according to the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) was also predictive of compliance in univariate but not in multivariate analysis. No significant difference in outcome after salvage chemotherapy was observed. Patients relapsing after non-compliant first-line therapy tended to be more easily salvaged, which is consistent with the fact that their initial treatment was inadequate. Some of these relapses were therefore probably not due to true biologically refractory disease.ConclusionGuidelines for first-line treatment are adhered to in only half the patients requiring salvage chemotherapy. As the only predictive factor for non-compliance was the treating centre, centralisation of patients with GCT in well-trained hospitals should be recommended.     

Living with secondary breast cancer: coping with an uncertain future with unmet needs

JOHNSTON S.R.D. (2010) European Journal of Cancer Care 19 , 561–563 Living with secondary breast cancer: coping with an uncertain future with unmet needs     

Costs associated with complications are lower with capecitabine than with 5‐fluorouracil in patients with colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND:

Capecitabine, an oral alternative to 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), has equal clinical efficacy and a favorable safety profile; however, its use may be limited because of unit cost concerns. In this study, the authors measured the cost of chemotherapy‐related complications during treatment with capecitabine‐ and 5‐FU–based regimens.

METHODS:

Patients with CRC who received at least 1 administration of capecitabine or 5‐FU during 2004 and 2005 were identified from the Thomson MarketScan research databases. Monthly frequency and cost for 23 complications were recorded. Logistic regression was used to predict complication probability. General linear models were used to predict monthly complication cost and total monthly expenditure.

RESULTS:

In total, 4973 patients with CRC met the inclusion criteria for this analysis. Although the most frequently observed complications were the same between capecitabine and 5‐FU (nausea and vomiting, infection, anemia, neutropenia, diarrhea), each was observed with greater frequency in 5‐FU–based regimens. The mean predicted monthly complication cost was significantly higher (by 136%) with 5‐FU monotherapy than with capecitabine monotherapy (difference, $601; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], $469‐$737). In addition, the mean predicted monthly complication cost for 5‐FU+oxaliplatin was higher than the cost with capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (difference, $1165; 95% CI, $892‐$1595). When acquisition, administration, and complication costs were taken into consideration, there were no significant differences in the total cost between capecitabine regimens and 5‐FU regimens.

CONCLUSIONS:

Capecitabine compared well with 5‐FU–based therapy in patients with CRC and was associated with lower complication rates and associated costs. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.     

Experience with Impedance Phlebography Compared with Venography

Venography is a particularly reliable method for the diagnosis of deep venous thrombosis but is not suitable as a screening test. Impedance phlebography represents another attempt to discover a simple, non-invasive and reliable method of detecting deep venous thrombosis. It does not, however, meet these criteria.     

Protothecosis successfully treated with amikacin combined with tetracyclines

Summary We report a case of protothecosis in an 18-year-old female student caused by Prototheca zopfii successfully treated with amikacin combined with tetracyclines. Zusammenfassung Es wird über eine Protothecose, verursacht durch Prototheca zopfii, bei einer 18-j?hrigen Studentin berichtet, die erfolgreich mit Amikacin in Kombination mit Tetracyclinen behandelt wurde.