中国产山茶种子中总皂苷的分离与鉴定

目的 研究中国产山茶(Camellia sinensis)种子中皂苷类化学成分.方法 采用反复制备HPLC法分离纯化,通过理化常数测定和光谱分析鉴定其化学结构.结果 从中国产山茶种子中分离得到了7个茶皂苷类化合物,即茶叶皂苷Ⅰ(foliarheasaponin Ⅰ,1)、阿萨姆皂苷A(assamsaponin A,2)、阿萨姆皂苷B(assamsaponin B,3)、阿萨姆皂苷C(assamsaponin C,4)、阿萨姆皂苷D(assam-saponin D,5)、阿萨姆皂苷F(assamsaponin F,6)、阿萨姆皂苷Ⅰ(assamsaponin Ⅰ,7).结论 化合物1为首次从茶种子中分离得到.对中国产山茶种子化学成分的研究尚属首次.     

中国产山茶种子中总皂苷的分离与鉴定

目的 研究中国产山茶（Camellia sinensis）种子中皂苷类化学成分。方法 采用反复制备HPLC法分离纯化,通过理化常数测定和光谱分析鉴定其化学结构。结果 从中国产山茶种子中分离得到了7个茶皂苷类化合物,即茶叶皂苷I foliatheasaponinⅠ(1),阿萨姆皂苷A assamsaponin A （2）,阿萨姆皂苷B assamsaponin B（3）,阿萨姆皂苷C assamsaponin C（4）,阿萨姆皂苷D assamsaponin D（5）,阿萨姆皂苷F assamsaponin F（6）,阿萨姆皂苷I assamsaponin I（7）。结论 化合物1为首次从茶种子中分离得到。对中国产山茶种子化学成分的研究尚属首次。     

远志皂苷碱水解产物的化学成分研究

目的 对远志皂苷碱水解产物进行化学成分研究.方法 采用pH=14的NaOH溶液加热回流4 h,制备远志皂苷碱水解产物;采用硅胶反复柱层析、薄层色谱检识和重结晶的方法,从远志皂苷碱水解产物中分离纯化主要成分,并利用理化性质和渡谱特征鉴定其结构.结果 从远志皂苷碱水解产物中分离出细叶远志皂苷、黄花倒水莲皂苷A、3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸、对甲氧基肉桂酸和肉桂酸等主要化学成分.结论 远志皂苷碱水解产物稳定,细叶远志皂苷和黄花倒水莲皂苷A为其主要的皂苷类成分,黄花倒水莲皂苷A和对甲氧基肉桂酸为首次从远志皂苷碱水解产物中分离得到.     

远志皂苷碱水解产物对乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性的研究

目的对远志皂苷碱水解产物及其主要化学成分的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性进行研究。方法运用薄层色谱(TLC)-生物自显影和微孔高通量筛选技术,测定远志皂苷碱水解产物、细叶远志皂苷、黄花倒水连皂苷A、3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸、对甲氧基肉桂酸和肉桂酸对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制活性。结果远志皂苷碱水解产物表现出明显的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制作用;细叶远志皂苷和黄花倒水连皂苷A表现出一定的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制作用,但是活性有限;3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸、对甲氧基肉桂酸和肉桂酸没有表现出对乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制作用。结论通过乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制实验,明确了远志皂苷碱水解产物的体外活性,为开发抗早老年性痴呆的药物提供了科学依据。     

浙江七叶树种子中三萜皂苷成分的分离和鉴定*

目的:研究浙江七叶树Aesculus chinensis Bunge var.chekiangensis(Huet Fang)Fang种子中的化学成分。方法:采用大孔吸附树脂柱色谱、高效液相色谱等方法进行分离和纯化,根据化合物的谱学数据鉴定其结构。结果:从浙江七叶树种子的70%乙醇提取物中分离得到3个三萜皂苷类化合物,分别鉴定为七叶树皂苷(escins)IVe和IVh及七叶树皂苷(aesculuside)A。结论:这3个化合物皆为首次从浙江七叶树种子中分离得到。     

山茶种子抗骨质疏松有效部位群化学成分的含量测定

目的测定山茶种子抗骨质疏松有效部位群的化学成分。方法采用分光光度法测定山茶种子醇提物中总皂苷、多酚和鞣质以及总黄酮的含量。结果山茶醇提物中总皂苷含量12．2％、总酚含量为4．30％（其中鞣质占1．87％）；总黄酮含量为4．07％。结论本方法简便、准确、稳定性好、重现性好。     

酸枣仁皂苷E的结构鉴定酸枣仁皂苷E的结构鉴定

目的研究酸枣仁(Ziziphus jujuba Mill var. spinosa)的化学成分。方法用各种色谱方法分离酸枣仁的化学成分,用波谱(IR,UV,MS,NMR)方法鉴定结构。结果从酸枣的干燥种子中分离得到7个化合物,分别鉴定为酸枣仁皂苷E(1,jujuboside E),酸枣仁皂苷B(2,jujuboside B)及酸枣仁皂苷A(3,jujuboside A),白桦酯酸(4,betulic acid),硬脂酸(5,stearic acid),蔗糖(6,sucrose)和肌苷(7,inosine)。结论化合物1为新化合物,5,6和7为首次从酸枣仁中获得。     

穿龙薯蓣中甾体皂苷的分离与鉴定

目的 研究穿龙薯蓣Dioscorea ni pponica Makin根茎的化学成分.方法 采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱以及制备HPLC等手段进行分离纯化,通过理化性质和波谱学技术进行结构鉴定.结果 从正丁醇层中分离得到5个甾体皂苷类化合物,分别鉴定为纤细皂苷(1)、薯蓣皂苷(2)、伪原薯蓣皂苷(3)、甲基原纤细皂苷(4)、原薯蓣皂苷(5).结论 其中化合物4为首次从穿龙薯蓣中分离得到.     

西洋参茎叶总皂苷氧化裂解的一侧链环合产物

目的研究西洋参茎叶总皂苷的氧化碱解产物。方法采用反复硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20、重结晶等方法进行分离纯化,并根据理化常数和光谱数据鉴定其化学结构。结果从西洋参茎叶总皂苷氧化碱解产物中分离鉴定了4个主要水解产物,分别为:20(S)原人参二醇(1)、24(R)-ocotillol(2)、20(S)原人参三醇(3),dammar-20S,24R-epoxy-3β,12β,25-triol(4)。结论化合物4为首次从氧化碱解产物中分离得到,探讨其产生机理,可能是在高温通氧的条件下,使原人参二醇的侧链发生了环合。     

西洋参茎叶总皂苷氧化裂解的一侧链环合产物

目的 研究西洋参茎叶总皂苷的氧化碱解产物.方法 采用反复硅胶柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20、重结晶等方法进行分离纯化,并根据理化常数和光谱数据鉴定其化学结构.结果 从西洋参茎叶总皂苷氧化碱解产物中分离鉴定了4个主要水解产物,分别为:20(S)原人参二醇(1)、24(R)-ocotillol(2)、20(S)原人参三醇(3),dammar-20S,24 R-epoxy-3β,12β,25-triol(4).结论 化合物4为首次从氧化碱解产物中分离得到,探讨其产生机理,可能是在高温通氧的条件下,使原人参二醇的侧链发生了环合.     

Molecular detection of cashew husk (Anacardium occidentale) adulteration in market samples of dry tea (Camellia sinensis)

Species-specific PCR primers were developed from intergenic spacer regions of 5S ribosomal RNA genes and used successfully in the detection of adulteration of cashew husk (Anacardium occidentale L.) in tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] samples. This is the first report of detecting adulteration in tea using molecular tools. Application of this approach in detecting adulteration of other biological materials in tea, medicinal herbs and the composition of admixtures of ayurvedic herbs has been discussed.     

茶叶正丁醇萃取物化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的对茶叶正丁醇萃取物的化学成分进行研究,以进一步明确茶叶的化学成分。方法采用反复硅胶柱色谱、羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶柱色谱和重结晶等多种分离方法对茶叶体积分数70%乙醇回流提取物的正丁醇萃取物进行分离纯化,并根据理化性质和NMR谱数据对分离得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到10个化合物,分别鉴定为山柰酚(kaempferol,1)、槲皮素(quercetin,2)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,3)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,4)、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷(kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,5)、芦丁(rutin,6)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-呋喃阿拉伯糖苷(quercetin-3-O-α-L-arabinofuranoside,7)、正丁基-β-D-吡喃果糖苷(n-butyl-β-D-fructopyranoside,8)、绿原酸甲酯(methyl chlorogenate,9)、尿嘧啶(u-racil,10)。结论化合物8~10为首次从山茶属植物中分离得到;化合物7为首次从植物茶中分离得到。     

New phenolic compounds from Camellia sinensis L. leaves fermented with Aspergillus sp.

Two new phenolic compounds, teadenol A (1) and teadenol B (2), were isolated from tea (Camellia sinensis L.) leaves fermented with Aspergillus sp. (PK-1, FARM AP-21280). The chemical structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated based on the analyses of their spectroscopic data. The absolute configurations of the structures of 1 and 2 were also certified by their biosynthetic preparation in the treatment of tea catechins with Aspergillus sp.     

风车草的化学成分

目的研究风车草的化学成分。方法利用色谱手段分离化学成分;用理化常数和波谱技术鉴定其结构。结果分离鉴定了6个化合物,分别为:β谷甾醇(1)、胡萝卜苷(2)、醉鱼草苷Ⅳb(3)、醉鱼草苷Ⅳ(4)、3β,16,β28 trihydroxyoleana 11,13(18)dien 3 yl[βDglucopyranosyl(1→2)][βDGlucopyranosyl(1→3)]βDfucopyranoside(5)、香蜂草苷(6)。结论化合物5为新化合物,6个化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

Chemical constituents from Qianliang tea

Ten compounds were isolated from Qianliang tea, a kind of dark tea fully fermented from the leaves of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze var. sinensis, and identified as N-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-pyrrolidinone (1), p-hydroxyacetophenone (2), salicifoliol (3), (-)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone (4), p-hydroxy ethyl cinnamate (5), ethyl 4-(sulfooxy)benzoate (6), (+)-matairesinol (7), (-)-pinoresinol (8), (+)-lirioresinol-A (9), and caffeine (10), among which compound 1 was isolated as a new natural product, and compound 6 was isolated from Theaceae family for the first time. Compounds 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9 were isolated from this species for the first time.     

Role of reduced glutathione and nitric oxide in the black tea extract-mediated protection against ulcerogen-induced changes in motility and gastric emptying in rats

The aim of the present study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of the role of hot water extract of black tea [Camellia sinensis (L). O. Kuntze Theaceae] in normalizing the changes in intestinal transit and gastric emptying induced by various ulcerogenic agents in experimental rats. Intestinal transit as well as gastric emptying were significantly reduced in rats treated with glutathione (GSH) depleting agents, diethyl maleate (DEM), indoacetamide (IDA) and N-ethyl maleimide (NEM). Prior oral administration of black tea extract (BTE) at 20 ml/kg of a 10% solution, i.g. once a day for 7 days significantly increased the intestinal transit and gastric emptying with restoration of serum GSH level. Singular administration of succimer (60 mg/kg, i.g.), the standard sulfhydryl containing antiulcer agent used as a reference drug, was also effective. Increase in intestinal transit caused by BTE was reversed both by N-omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (25 mg/kg, i.p.) and N-omega-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) (25 mg/kg, i.p.), but not with N-omega-nitro-D-arginine methyl ester (D-NAME) (25 mg/kg, i.p.). Furthermore, restoration of intestinal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity was found to be associated with BTE treatment. These results provide evidence that nitric oxide may play a role in BTE-mediated improvement of intestinal motility changes and gastric emptying induced by DEM, IDA and NEM.     

New phenolic compounds from Camellia sinensis L. fermented leaves

Two new phenolic compounds (1 and 2, named as teasperol and teasperin, respectively) were isolated from fermented tea (Camellia sinensis L.) products, together with known phenolic compounds. Teasperol (1) was isolated from Chinese traditional post-fermented tea leaves (Liu-pao tea) and teasperin (2) was from a Japanese tea product which was selectively fermented with Aspergillus sp. The chemical structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated based on the analyses of their spectroscopic data.     

茶叶的化学成分

目的分离并鉴定茶叶(Camellia sinensis)中的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶(Sephadex LH-20)柱色谱和重结晶等多种分离方法对体积分数为70%的乙醇溶液回流提取物进行分离,并通过NMR和MS等多种谱学方法对分离得到的化学成分进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到8个化合物,分别鉴定为咖啡碱(caffeine,1)、可可碱(theobromine,2)、山柰酚(kaempferol,3)、(+)儿茶素((+)-catechin,4)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,5)、(Z)-9-十六碳烯酸((Z)-9-hexadecenoic acid,6),苯基-β-萘胺(phenyl-β-naphthylamine,7)和没食子酸(gallic acid,8)。结论其中化合物5、6和7为首次从该属植物中分离得到。