中央型肺癌术后支气管残端或吻合口螺旋CT表现分析

目的　探讨中央型肺癌手术后支气管残端或吻合口正常的螺旋CT表现。方法　回顾性地对 5 5例 110人次中央型肺癌术后胸部增强螺旋CT资料进行分析。结果　正常支气管残端的形态分为 :锐角 ;钝角 ;尖刺状 ;不规则 ;短管状。吻合口分为平整、凹凸。正常支气管残端或吻合口壁厚度 ( 3 .2 6± 1.46)mm。结论　螺旋CT能很好地显示肺癌术后支气管残端或吻合口情况     

鼻咽癌胸内转移的螺旋CT表现

目的　探讨鼻咽癌胸内转移的CT表现及规律。方法　搜集我院鼻咽癌胸内转移病理及CT资料完整者 3 5例 ,分析鼻咽癌胸内转移的CT表现和特点。结果　鼻咽癌胸内转移的CT表现为 :小结节型 ( 2 7/3 5 )、中央肿块型 ( 5 /3 5 )、周围肿块型 ( 3 /3 5 ) ,其中有 60 %伴有纵隔淋巴结转移。结论　CT可对鼻咽癌胸内转移作出较准确的诊断     

食管癌术后CT检查的临床价值及其表现

目的:探讨食管癌术后的CT表现及临床价值。方法:回顾性分析40例食管癌术后患者的临床资料及CT表现。结果:40例中肿瘤复发或转移的有33例,占82.5%。胃位于左侧胸腔26例,右侧胸腔12例,后纵隔2例。食管胃吻合口肿瘤复发15例;淋巴结转移26例,共有31个淋巴结;肺转移8例;胸椎和肝转移各4例。结论:食管癌术后CT复查是十分必要的;胸内胃是食管癌术后特有的CT表现;肿瘤复发表现为食管胃吻合口壁增厚;远处转移主要为纵隔淋巴结转移,多发生于气管旁及隆突下。     

食管癌术后复发和转移的螺旋CT表现特点

目的　探讨食管癌术后复发和转移的优势解剖分布及其螺旋CT表现特点。方法　回顾性分析 50例食管癌术后的螺旋CT资料,总结肿瘤复发和转移的类型、解剖部位及其复发时间分布特点,并进行统计分析。结果　50例中共有 31例复发和转移。31例中,消化道复发 12例,包括吻合口复发 8例,食管残端复发 1例,残胃复发 3例;淋巴结转移 28例,以 2R区(11例)和 7+8区(11例)多见,两区以上淋巴结转移为 13例,腹主动脉周围淋巴结群转移 5例,锁骨上窝淋巴结转移 3例;双肺转移 8例,肝脏转移 7例,胰腺转移 1例; 31例复发和转移病例中,胸腔积液 6例, 1例为双侧, 5例为单侧 (术侧 )。复发和转移以术后 3个月 ~1年内多见(Ρ<0. 005)。结论　食管癌术后复发以吻合口为主要部位;淋巴结转移为主要转移途径,增大淋巴结优势分布于气管右旁和气管隆突下淋巴结。复发和转移常发生在术后 3个月~1年内。螺旋CT对食管癌术后复发和转移的诊断具有较高的应用价值。     

原发性肺癌胸内转移及直接侵犯征象的CT探讨

目的:探讨原发性肺癌胸内转移及直接侵犯的病理特点和CT诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析经手术、支气管镜检查、穿刺活检及病理证实的原发性肺癌且CT检查已有胸内转移及直接侵犯的254例患者的CT表现.结果:254例中:①淋巴结转移123例(48.42%),胸膜转移81例(31.88%),肺内转移55例(21.65%),胸壁转移14例(5.51%);②直接侵犯:纵隔51例(20.69%),胸壁21例(8.22%),心包心脏9例(3.54%).CT诊断肺内、胸壁转移和纵膈、胸壁、心包心脏直接侵犯敏感度、特异度、符合率均较高,而诊断淋巴结、胸膜转移特异度、诊断符合率较低.结论:原发性肺癌胸内转移最多见的为淋巴结转移,其次为胸膜转移和肺内转移.CT可以综合评价原发性肺癌的胸内转移及直接侵犯情况,对临床制订治疗方案具有重要的参考价值.     

螺旋CT对中央型肺癌临床分期的诊断价值

目的：探讨螺旋CT（SCT）对中央型肺癌术前分期的价值。方法：经手术和病理证实的支气管肺癌共88例，将SCT检查结果与病理进行对照分析。结果：螺旋CT分期和术后病理符合率为：I期83．3％，Ⅱ期87．0％，ⅢA期94．1％，ⅢB期95．0％，Ⅳ期100％，总体符合率92．0％。螺旋CT诊断淋巴结转移的敏感性82．9％，特异性83．3％，准确率83．0％。结论：螺旋CT对中央型肺癌术前分期有较高的准确性，对指导临床制定治疗方案具有较高价值。     

食管癌术后复发的CT表现及其诊断价值

目的 :探讨食管癌术后复发的CT表现及其诊断价值。方法 :搜集经CT诊断并经临床或病理证实的食管癌术后复发病例 91例 ,分析其CT表现特点。结果 :吻合口复发 5 4例 ,部分伴周围组织浸润和纵隔淋巴结转移 ;胸腔胃复发11例 ,单纯纵隔淋巴结转移复发 2 6例。结论 :CT能准确显示食管癌术后复发及 /或纵隔淋巴结转移 ,周围结构受侵 ,脏器转移 ,为进一步治疗提供可靠资料。     

肺癌淋巴结转移的CT表现与细胞核仁组成区关系

目的：探讨肺癌淋巴结转移CT表现与细胞核仁组成区的关系，以及CT扫描和AgNOR技术联合诊断肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移的可行性。材料与方法：应用CT扫描和AgNOR技术对38例肺癌淋巴结转移情况进行分析。结果：CT扫描淋巴结短径≥8mm的10例肺癌中淋巴结转移7例，此7例肺癌细胞的AgNOR／核均数为8.97±0．72。且AgNOR颗粒均表现为聚集型。伴淋巴结转移肺癌的AgNOR／核均数显著高于无淋巴结转移肺癌（P＜0．05）。结论：提示以CT扫描淋巴结短径≥8mm，肺癌细胞核内AgNOR颗粒为聚集型，AgNOR／核均数≥8作为标准诊断肺癌淋巴结转移有较高的特异性及敏感性。AgNOR技术及CT扫描联合诊断肺癌淋巴结转移有较好的临床应用前景。     

40例小细胞肺癌的螺旋CT表现

目的:分析40例肺小细胞肺癌的螺旋CT表现,以提高对该病的认识.方法:收集有CT和临床资料并经病理证实的SCLC 40例,回顾性总结分析CT影像特征.结果:中央型肺癌33例,CT表现为肺门分叶状结节或肿块,伴阻塞性肺炎12例(36.4%),阻塞性肺不张7例(21.2%),30例(90.1%)伴有纵隔淋巴结肿大,8例行CT增强,肿块和淋巴结均匀轻度强化.周围型SCLC 7例,密度均匀,均呈分叶状,CT无特征性表现.结论:小细胞肺癌CT主要征象以肺门区实性肿块为主,多伴有肺门、纵隔淋巴结转移,支气管阻塞征象出现较晚.     

PET/CT与MSCT联合扫描评价贴壁生长为主型肺腺癌预后价值

目的 通过18F-FDG PET/CT和MSCT联合扫描判断胸内淋巴结是否转移,评价贴壁生长为主型肺腺癌的预后价值.方法 回顾性分析39例进行18F-FDG PET/CT和MSCT联合扫描的贴壁生长为主型肺腺癌患者的资料.结果 单因素回归分析显示:SUVmax,TDR,mDmax以及AIS比例对于判断胸内淋巴结是否有转移有统计学意义.mDmax的AUC与SUVmax,TDR和AIS比例的AUC相比较均有统计学意义.SUVmax,TDR,mDmax及AIS比例之间有显著相关性.结论 贴壁生长为主型肺腺癌患者术前行18F-FDG PET/CT和MSCT联合扫描有助于判断是否发生胸内淋巴结转移,特别是当患者无法进行手术时.     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

The role of interventional radiology in trauma

Introduction Interventional Radiology has evolved into a specialty having enormous input into the care of the traumatized patient.In all hospitals,regardless of size,the Interventional Radiologist must consider their relationships with the trauma service in order to     

人体中的镭-226、镭-228、钋-210、铅-210

本文报道了广东阳江高本底地区6名、对照地区8名人尸体的骨²²⁶Ra、²²⁶Ra的浓度以及部分居民内脏器官中。²¹⁰Po、²¹⁰Pb的浓度。结果轰明阳江高本底地区和对照地区居民骨镭-226、镭-228的浓度分别为29.9pCi/kg, 26.9pCi/kgl 8.7pCi/kg, 8.2pCi/kg.由此估算出阳江高本底地区屠民骨中²²⁶Ra、²²⁸Ra的负薄璧及对骨衬、骨髓所产生的剂量当量分别为对照地区民民的3.4倍, 3.3倍。两地区居民内脏器官中^{210Po、210Pb的测定分析铡数较少但仍看出, 高本底地区均明显高于对照地区.}     

Carbohydrate Supplementation during Exercise: Does It Help? How Much is Too Much?

KEY POINTS· Carbohydrate intake during exercise can delay the onset of fatigue and improve performance of prolonged exercise as well as exercise of shorter duration and greater intensity (e.g., continuous exercise lasting about 1h and intermittent high-intensity exercise), but the mechanisms by which performance is improved are different.     

Diagnóstico ecográfico del neumotórax

The ultrasonographic diagnosis of pneumothorax is based on the analysis of artifacts. It is possible to confirm or rule out pneumothorax by combining the following signs: lung sliding, the A and B lines, and the lung point. One fundamental advantage of lung ultrasonography is its easy access in any critical situation, especially in patients in the intensive care unit. For this reason, chest ultrasonography can be used as an alternative to plain-film X-rays and computed tomography in critical patients and in patients with normal plain films in whom pneumothorax is strongly suspected, as well as to evaluate the extent of the pneumothorax and monitor its evolution.     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).