前臂及腕部离断伤再植13例分析

目的 探讨前臂及腕部离断伤再植成功及提高术后手功能恢复优良率的要素.方法 对13例前臂及腕部离断伤患者进行再植,予彻底清创、精确修复血管及神经;术后早期进行功能康训练.结果 13例患者再植手全部成活,经6个月～3年的随访,手功能均有不程度恢复.根据陈中伟上肢功能评定标准:Ⅰ级2例,Ⅱ级8例,Ⅲ级3例.结论 彻底的清创、精确的血管及神经修复、术后早期的功能康复训练是前臂及腕部离断伤再植的成功以及手功能良好恢复的重要因素.     

前臂复杂毁损性不全离断伤的再植修复效果分析

目的探究前臂复杂毁损性不全离断伤的再植修复效果及治疗体会。方法选取2010年1月-2015年5月收治的前臂复杂毁损性不全离断伤52例,均急诊行前臂短缩再植及手功能修复重建术,术后给予规范化的康复训练,现对患者临床资料作回顾性分析。结果所有患者顺利完成手术,手术时间3～8 h,平均(6.5±1.7)h,术中出血量187～432 mL,平均(265.3±56.2)mL。52例离断肢体全部成活,随访时间18～36个月,平均(24.2±6.5)个月。术后18个月,52例患者手部功能和本体感觉均有不同程度恢复,肢体功能:Ⅰ级18例,Ⅱ级22例,Ⅲ级12例。结论对于前臂复杂毁损性不全离断伤,早期行前臂短缩再植及手功能重建术是断肢成活的关键,术后规范化康复训练有利于最大程度恢复肢体功能。     

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手部的严重铡草机伤，多为手部多指多段离断同时伴有手部皮肤缺损，通常采用清创缝合术闭合创面，伤手功能丧失较严重。自1992年以来．我院手外科对其中一些有再植条件的病人采用离断部分指体易位再植、腹部带蒂皮瓣闭合手背创面，修复手部严重铡草机伤8例15指，术后经过晚期功能重建，残手功能恢复良好。报道如下：     

手部爆炸伤的临床分型与治疗

目的探讨手部爆炸伤新的临床分型以指导治疗、提高疗效。方法1997～2004年收治106例手部爆炸伤,按爆炸伤的严重程度和伤情特点将其划分四型：Ⅰ型：仅有皮肤灼伤、挫裂伤或手部的小面积皮肤缺损,治疗选用清创缝合或植皮修复;Ⅱ型：手部皮肤软组织缺损合并肌腱或骨关节损伤,但无手指血运障碍,治疗选用骨与关节复位固定、肌腱修复的同时必须采用皮瓣覆盖;Ⅲ型：手部广泛皮肤软组织缺损,伴有肌腱、血管、神经及骨关节损伤,手指缺血、离断或缺失,治疗必须应用显微外科技术实施血管吻合、断指再植或拇手指再造和皮瓣移植;Ⅳ型：手广泛毁损,治疗选择截肢术。结果本组Ⅰ型12例,手功能恢复正常;Ⅱ型31例,手功能恢复较好,14例遗留皮瓣臃肿或肌腱粘连,需二期治疗。Ⅲ型57例,无1例截肢,45例进行了二期功能重建手术,手功能恢复达正常的30%～80%不等;Ⅳ型6例,手功能完全丧失。结论该分型方法简明具体,便于临床判断受伤类型和选择治疗方法,并可估计愈合,对临床处理手部爆炸伤具有较好的指导意义。     

显微外科修复在伴有大块软组织缺损下肢离断伤中的应用

目的 探讨显微外科手术修复在下肢毁损性离断、具备截肢适应证的治疗效果,努力保留肢体恢复功能.方法 对11例下肢完全毁损离断伤经过显微外科手术修复再植离断肢体,选择不同组织瓣修复缺损创面,提倡一期游离皮瓣修复.结果 11例完全离断的肢体再植成活,一期皮瓣修复巨大缺损者8例,二期皮瓣修复者3例,外观良好,功能满意.结论 应用显微外科技术修复小腿严重毁损离断伤可获得满意的临床效果,但应严格掌握截肢适应证;有感觉恢复,能负重,基本功能尚可的下肢比假肢更具人性化.     

36例复杂性断指再植治疗体会

目的 探讨修复手指严重破坏性损伤，离断，恢复原手指的正常功能与外形的方法。方法 彻底清创，采用血管移植或皮瓣游离移植，手指移位再植修复。结果 经6个月－6年随访，36例患者再植手指全部存活，恢复了原有手指正常功能。结论 彻底清创，熟练运用显微外科手术，精确吻合血管是严重毁损断指再植修复成功的关键。     

手部严重创伤的急诊拇指再造

手部严重创伤的急诊拇指再造吴克坚陈家臻殷代昌李英华张怡伍因冲压、绞榨、撕脱所致的手部离断伤，由于伤情复杂，离断面远近端组织毁损严重，清创处理和再植技术难度均较大，我科自１９８８年以来，对１４例手部严重离断伤病人，采用断指移位再植行急诊拇再造，以重建手...     

小儿大腿毁损与足掌撕脱离断伤再植术

目的 介绍2例小儿大腿毁损离断与足掌撕脱离断再植的成功经验.方法 大腿毁损离断采取将完整小腿旋转上移再植到大腿残端;足掌撕脱离断采取静脉游离移植桥接足背动脉与足底深支动脉.结果 术后随访6～12个月,骨折愈合.大腿毁损离断伤患儿可安装假肢行走,撕脱离断足行走自如.结论 小儿生长、塑形能力强,对毁损离断肢体不应轻易截肢,应尽量保留长度再植,这对生长发育中的患儿今后的生活质量至关重要.     

上肢离断再植的功能恢复效果分析

目的 探讨上肢离断再植术后功能恢复的效果.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月-2019年12月收治的12例上肢离断患者临床资料,根据患肢离断情况8例进行再植修复,4例因离断肢体毁损严重无法再植行残端修整.再植肢体首先清创后复位骨折,钢板或外固定架固定,然后依次缝合肌腱、血管、神经,前臂预防性切开减压,常规"三抗"治疗,术后...     

小儿爆炸伤拇指断离再植有关问题探讨

目的:对小儿爆炸伤致拇指断离再植中目前存在有关问题进行研究、改进。方法:通过显微镜下彻底清创、高质量血管神经吻合、精细肌腱修复、注意保护骨骺及术后精心护理。结果:17例再植15例15指成活,成活率88.3％。结论:彻底清创,精细操作,术后精心护理等是小儿爆炸伤断拇指再植成活的关键。     

Plate osteosynthesis in humeral shaft fractures. Indications and results

Non operative management of humeral shaft fractures is well recognized as the standard of care for uncomplicated injuries. Operative treatment of humeral fractures may be performed when limited indications are present as in patients with multiple trauma including ipsilateral forearm injuries, arterial injury or primary radial nerve palsy. 18 patients with humeral shaft fractures underwent open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using the AO plating technique at the Kantonsspital Chur from 1980 to 1986. Follow-up was available for 17 patients of whom 16 suffered from multiple injury trauma. The broad DC plate combined with lag screws was used in most cases. Two brachial artery transections were repaired at the time of primary osteosynthesis by the same surgeons with full functional recovery. Concomitant nerve injuries were repaired primarily in one case and postprimarily in 3 more cases. The overall result was excellent in 9 patients, good in 5 patients, fair in 2 patients and poor in one patient with complete brachial plexus injury. Bone healing was uneventful in all 17 patients. No infection and no delayed union or pseudarthrosis has been observed.     

小儿手部鞭炮炸伤的显微外科处理

目的总结小儿手部严重鞭炮炸伤显微外科修复的经验。方法26例均采用显微外科方法进行处理,急诊一期修复23例,延迟修复3例,临床上根据不同的伤情采用不同的手术方法。结果本组再造拇指及移植皮瓣均成活,伤口均Ⅰ期愈合;断指再植9例11指,成活7例9指,失败2例2指。经2年随访,手部外形及生长发育正常,对掌对指功能良好。结论在小儿手部严重爆炸伤时应尽早采用显微外科方法进行修复与重建,同时术前选择合适的修复与重建方案对于手术后效果也是非常重要的。     

髂腹股沟真皮下血管网皮瓣修复手指毁损伤30例病例分析

目的:探讨髂腹股沟真皮下血管网皮瓣修复手指毁损伤后外观及功能恢复情况。方法:2008年2月～2013年1月我科应用髂腹股沟真皮下血管网皮瓣修复手指毁损伤病例30例32指。术中彻底清创,克氏针内固定指骨骨折端,髂腹股沟真皮下血管网皮瓣包裹指骨,Ⅰ期修复手指毁损伤创面。结果:30例患者髂腹股沟真皮下血管网皮瓣全部成活,手术效果良好,术后患指外形及功能恢复良好。结论:应用髂腹股沟真皮下血管网皮瓣修复手指毁损伤,术后患指外观及功能恢复良好。     

Reappraisal of timing for exploration of civilian peripheral nerve injuries.

Operative as well as electrophysiologic experience with 213 major nerve injuries over the last 8 years and primate experiments form the basis of this reappraisal. Those lesions in continuity resected (58 of 172) usually had no response to stimulation or nerve action potential (NAP) at 8 weeks or longer after injury but were not necessarily complete lesions on clinical examination or electromyography. Axonal organization and maturity were of such poor quality that functional regeneration would not have resulted. Despite preoperative evidence of an incomplete lesion, operative studies confirmed a complete lesion in 21 instances. In 103 lesions NAP's could be recorded and, where neurolysis was done, recovery was acceptable in 91 percent. Many of these lesions had appeared complete on preoperative evaluation. Nerves transected by glass and repaired primarily had superior electrical and functional recovery to those repaired secondarily, although variations in clinical settings prevented statistical analysis. Experimental work in 20 primates with glass-wounded nerves favored primary repair, for NAP, evoked muscle action potential, and strain gauge studies of muscle power were superior in 14. Lesions in continuity should have exploration delayed until 8 weeks so that physiologic decisions regarding need for resection and repair can be made. Transecting injuries should be explored primarily, those without contusinve element repaired immediately, and those with contusion repaired 3 weeks after injury.     

腕、掌部毁损的急诊手再造

目的 报告腕、掌部毁损伤利用残指移位再植于前臂远端急诊手再造的经验和方法.方法 对4例腕、掌部毁损伤的患者,利用显微外科技术将残指移位再植于桡、尺骨远端,结合术后系统的功能锻炼,重建部分手功能.结果 4例再造手全部存活.随访时间最长20年,最短1年;再造手恢复了部分屈伸、握持、对掌功能,指腹两点分辨觉为5～7mm.结论 对于腕、掌部毁损伤的患者,将残指移位再植于前臂残端,重建手指屈伸和对掌功能,是治疗该类损伤较为理想的方法.     

Hand replantations following complete amputations at the wrist joint: first experiences in Hanoi, Vietnam

Five completely amputated hands at the level of the wrist joint were replanted. The five patients were all men, ranging from 19 to 31 years and the amputations were all the result of knife injuries. All the revascularizations were successful. Secondary tenolysis was required in one case. Postoperative functional results compared to the uninjured hand were evaluated according to five main criteria: (1) the patient's overall satisfaction with the hand; (2) recovery of flexor and extensor function of the thumb and fingers; (3) recovery of thumb opposition; (4) recovery of sensitivity in the median and ulnar nerve distributions; (5) ability of the surviving hand to perform daily tasks. The results showed that, although the replanted hands were never functionally as good as the contralateral hand, the patients were able to use them satisfactorily for activities of daily living. Our results demonstrate that replantation following complete amputation at the wrist joint level as a result of a sharp injury is extremely worthwhile and has excellent potential for functional recovery.     

Parotid gland and facial nerve trauma: a retrospective review

Included in this study are all patients with trauma to the parotid region seen at our center from 1979 to 1989. There was a total of five patients with injury to the parotid area: two patients with isolated facial nerve injury; one with isolated parotid duct injury; two with combined duct and nerve injury. There were four males and one female, with a mean age of 34 years (range, 16 to 62 years). The three patients with parotid duct injury required other procedures for associated trauma. A total of eight nerve branches were severed in four patients. Seven of the eight nerve branches (82.5%) were primarily repaired, with excellent functional results. Two of the three ductal injuries were repaired primarily over a stent, and one was ligated. No complications resulted from either treatment. Based on our clinical experience and review of the literature, we suggest that the treatment of parotid region injuries should include: 1) a complete initial assessment; 2) primary repair of parotid duct transection within 24 hours when possible; 3) primary repair of all facial nerve injuries, although delayed nerve repair remains a viable alternative; and 4) nonsurgical treatment of sialoceles and fistulae.     

Penetrating lung and diaphragmatic injuries with no abnormal finding of chest X-ray: a case report

A case of penetrating lung and diaphragmatic injuries with no abnormal findings of chest X-ray is reported. A 76-year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to penetrating chest trauma. A simple X-ray film of the chest on admission revealed no abnormal finding. An emergency operation was performed. On exploring the back open wound, we found a laceration of 7 cm in diameter in the right diaphragm and lung laceration. Then we repaired primarily with absorbable material. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged 12 days later. Penetrating truncal traumas can result in diaphragmatic injury. Sometimes the clinical and roentgenographic findings are unreliable. If the diagnosis is missed, a diaphragmatic injury may occur delayed diaphragmatic hernias within hours to years. Accordingly, initial wound exploration are important for the diagnosis of diaphragmatic injury in avoiding serious complications.     

腹腔镜胃癌根治术中医源性损伤的原因分析与防治

目的分析腹腔镜胃癌根治术中医源性损伤的原因。方法 2008年1月~2009年12月共行腹腔镜胃癌根治手术117例(包括全胃切除术32例,近端胃大部切除术27例,远端胃大部切除术58例),发生医源性损伤9例(7.7%)。回顾分析这9例的临床资料。结果脾损伤4例,压迫止血,成功保脾;横结肠损伤1例,辅助小切口以1号线缝合修补;横结肠系膜血管损伤1例,辅助小切口行横结肠部分切除端端吻合;肝左动脉损伤1例,未处理;肝脏挫裂伤1例,辅助小切口以1号线间断缝合挫裂口;残胃浆膜挫裂伤1例,可吸收线间断缝合修补。9例均治愈出院。结论腹腔镜胃癌根治术中医源性损伤多发生在开展本手术的早期,与显露不佳、操作不当有关。     

Fish vaccine injection injuries of the hand.

High pressure injection of oil-based substances can cause devastating injuries of the hand and the necessity for urgent surgical debridement has been well established. We present three cases of injection injury caused by vaccines used in the fish farming industry. Patients presented with pain, swelling and lymphangitis. The marked vascular changes often associated with such injuries were absent. All patients were treated with intravenous antibiotics combined with early surgical debridement and irrigation. We report full recovery in all three patients.