血清S-100蛋白对早期预测新生儿围生期脑损伤预后的价值

目的：探讨血清S-100蛋白变化与新生儿围生期脑损伤预后的关系,为早期预测新生儿围生期脑损伤预后和早期干预及治疗提供依据。方法：选择40例围生期脑损伤新生儿为研究组,选择20例同期出生的正常新生儿为对照组。两组均于生后48～72h进行血样采集,采用ELISA法测定血S-100水平,以盖塞尔量表定期追踪两组发育情况。结果：研究组血S-100蛋白水平高于对照组[（1.55±0.79）μg/Lvs（0.62±0.46）μg/L,t=4.89,P〈0.01],盖塞尔量表评价两组发育情况,两组间平均发育商比较显示3月龄始研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义。结论：测定血S-100蛋白变化对早期预测围生期脑损伤儿预后有较高的价值。     

窒息新生儿血清肌钙蛋白I与B型钠尿肽前体联检动态变化的临床研究

目的 探究窒息新生儿血肌钙蛋白I与B型钠尿肽前体联检动态变化的临床应用价值.方法 以60例窒息新生儿和35例健康新生儿为研究对象,将窒息新生儿根据Apgar评诊断分为轻度窒息组和重度窒息组,在出生第1 d和第7 d对患儿的血清肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)和血清B型钠尿肽(Pro-BNP)进行检测,并对比分析.结果 健康组VS.轻度窒息组VS.重度窒息组第1 d血清肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)平均值分别为(0.49±0.27)μg/L、(2.45±0.62)μg/L和(4.97±1.95)μg/L,第7 d平均值为(0.46±0.31)μg/L、(1.07±0.50)μg/L和(2.19±0.63)μg/L,两个时间段,三组均具有统计学差异(P<0.05),其中轻度窒息组和重度窒息组第1 d和第7 d的cTnI值具有统计学差异(P<0.05).血清B型钠尿肽(Pro-BNP)中位数健康组VS.轻度窒息组VS重度窒息组第1 d134(51~21320)ng/L vs.3852(721~53221)ng/L vs.9325(1538~124865)ng/L;第7 d105(12~10232)ng/L vs.1384(287~30213)ng/L vs.3273(1242~73213)ng/L;在两个时间段,三组均具有统计学差异(P<0.05).其中轻度窒息组和重度窒息组第1 d和第7 d的Pro-BNP值具有统计学差异(P<0.05).结论 血肌钙蛋白I与B型钠尿肽前体联检对临床上早期正确判断窒息新生儿心肌损害及心功能异常,改善预后等较大的意义,并对指导基层医院诊治窒息新生儿有一定的临床意义.     

新生儿水疗对黄疸及生理性体重下降的影响

目的研究在住院期间新生儿游泳水疗后血清胆红素和体重变化的意义。方法将600例阴道顺产分娩的正常新生儿分为观察组(游泳组)和对照组(单纯沐浴组),每组各300例,测定两组新生儿的出生体重和血清胆红素,连续监测5天(120h)。结果两组新生儿出生第一天血清胆红素和出生时的体重无显著性差异,(P>0.05)。观察组新生儿120小时体重(3300±80)g、血清胆红素值(163±13)μmol/L;对照组新生儿120小时体重(3060±92)g、血清胆红素值(208±19)μmol/L,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.001)。结论早期干预新生儿游泳水疗能加速胎粪的早排出,减轻生理性黄疸程度,减少新生儿生理性体重下降的影响,有效地降低新生儿高胆红素血症的发病率。     

不停跳体外循环心脏手术对血清S-100β蛋白表达的影响

目的研究围手术期血清S-100β蛋白的表达,重点研究停跳与不停跳对血清S-100β蛋白表达的影响。方法23例体外循环下心脏手术患者,分为两组:停跳组和不停跳组。于体外循环转机前10min、转机后10min、转机末、手术后第24h等4个时段分别抽取颈内静脉血,离心后取血清测定每个标本的S-100β数值。结果(1)心脏手术期间,血清S-100β蛋白浓度随着体外循环的进行而不断变化。(2)停跳组体外循环时间的平均值(85.2±20.2min)较不停跳组(62.8±16.4min)长,但无显著性差异(P>0.05);相应地,停跳组转机末S-100β峰值的平均值(1.65±0.52μg/L)较不停跳组(1.59±0.84ug/L)高,但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论(1)体外循环可导致血清S-100β蛋白浓度的升高,且血清S-100β蛋白浓度与体外循环时间正相关。(2)停跳或不停跳体外循环心脏手术对血清S-100β蛋白的表达无影响。     

血清基质细胞衍生因子 1、CXC趋化因子受体 4水平在青年缺血性脑卒中病人中表达变化及临床意义

目的探讨基质细胞衍生因子 1(SDF-1)、CXC趋化因子受体 4(CXCR4)水平在青年缺血性脑卒中病人中的表达及临床意义。方法回顾性选取 2019年 1月至 2021年 1月黄冈市中心医院收治的 94例青年缺血性脑卒中病人。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测两组受试者血清 SDF-1、CXCR4水平。比较不同临床表现中血清 SDF-1、CXCR4的水平变化。对青年缺血性脑卒中病人自出院后进行 3个月随访,根据改良 Rankin量表(mRS)评分对病人的预后情况进行评估,其中预后良好组 76例,预后不良组 18例。分析血清 SDF-1、CXCR4在不同预后组的水平以及与青年缺血性脑卒中病人病理特征和预后的相关性。受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清 SDF-1、CXCR4对青年缺血性脑卒中病人预后的预测价值。结果 梗死面积 >4 cm2［(6.18±1.46)μg/L、(7.24±1.71)μg/L］、美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损量表( NIHSS)评分 >15分［(5.98±1.41)μg/L、(7.15±1.68)μg/L］、格拉斯哥昏迷(GCS)评分 >8分(6.28±1.49)μg/L、(7.23±1.72)μg/L的病人血清 SDF-1、CXCR4水平均明显高于梗死面积 ≤4 cm2［(4.57±1.16)μg/ L、(5.47±1.39)μg/L］、 NIHSS评分 ≤15分［( 5.02±1.34)μg/L、(6.11±1.47)μg/L］、 GCS评分 ≤8分的病人［( 5.06±1.38)μg/L、(6.08±1.45)μg/L］(P<0.05)。预后不良组病人血清 SDF-1、CXCR4水平［( 7.01±1.71)μg/L、(8.73±1.95)μg/L］明显高于预后良好组［(5.43±1.25)μg/L、(6.17±1.49)μg/L］(P<0.05)。血清 SDF-1、CXCR4与青年缺血性脑卒中病人梗死面积、 NIHSS评分、 GCS评分、 MRS评分均为显著正相关( P<0.05)。血清 SDF-1、CXCR4水平对青年缺血性脑卒中病人预后不良预测价值的 ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为 0.84、0.83,灵敏度分别为 72.20%、66.70%,特异度分别为 88.20%、85.50%。结论青年缺血性脑卒中病人血清 SDF-1、CXCR4水平与病人病理程度及预后有一定的相关性,二者对青年缺血性脑卒中病人不良预后有较优的预测价值。     

NSE及S-100蛋白检测在判断新生儿脑损伤预后中的价值

目的：探讨N S E及S‐100蛋白浓度对于判断新生儿脑损伤预后的意义。方法回顾我院收治的61名脑损伤新生儿,并随机抽取我院出生的80名健康新生儿为对照组,收集两组新生儿出生第1天静脉血3 m L送检,检测N S E及S‐100蛋白浓度。结果在发生脑损伤的新生儿中,静脉血N S E及S‐100蛋白平均浓度的测量值分别为（3．210±1．415）μg／L、（17．889±4．657） ng／L ,明显高于健康对照组的（0．454±0．082）μg／L 及（5．168±2．392） ng／L ,同时NBNA评分低于健康对照组;在发生脑损伤的患儿中,预后良好组两种蛋白平均浓度分别为（2．976±1．236）μg／L、（14．363±4．419） ng／L。结论在脑损伤新生儿中,血清NSE及S‐100蛋白水平均升高,且升高程度有助于判断患儿的预后。     

S-100β和NSE对新生儿HIE诊断和预后的意义

目的 研究新生儿血清神经组织蛋白质S-100β(S-100β)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific endase)含量对于新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)诊断和预后判断的临床价值.方法新生儿NSE患儿60例(轻度组34例,中等度组7例,重度组9例)和对照组30例,在出生12h之内,取静脉血检测血3100β、NSE.评估做出HIE诊断的临床意义,并跟踪半年以上,观察预后结果,对血清3100β和NSE含量检测结果与新生儿HIE诊断结果和新生儿HIE及预后结果之间的关系进行ROC分析.结果对照组、HIE轻度组、HIE中度组和HIE重度组的NSE分别为均(8.1±1.3)μg/L,(37.7±15.6)μg/L,(59.3±18.9)μg/L,(76.3±19.6)μg/L,4组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);对照组、HIE轻度组、HIE中度组和HIE重度组的S-100分别为均(0.15±0.08)μg/L,(0.71±0.31)μg/L,(0.98±0.24)μg/L,(1.37±0.60)μg/L,4组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);新生儿在出生后12h内的血清S-100β含量>0.635 μg/L,可以诊断HIE,灵敏度为73.3%,特异性为86.7%;高于0.86μg/L,其结果可能为脑性瘫痪或死亡,灵敏度为85.7%,特异性为86.8%.血清NSE含量>33.76μg/L,可以诊断HIE,灵敏度为75%,特异性为96.7%;高于58.045μg/L,其结果可能为脑性瘫痪或死亡,灵敏度为92.9%,特异性为93.4%.结论 S-100β和NSE可作为新生儿HIE诊断和预后判断的指标.     

急性脑梗死病人血清壳三糖苷酶 1和几丁质酶 3样蛋白 1表达水平与预后的关系

目的检测急性脑梗死病人血清壳三糖苷酶 1(CHIT1)和几丁质酶 3样蛋白 1(CHI3L1)的表达水平，并探讨其与病人预后的关系。方法选择 2018年 12月至 2020年 12月咸宁市中心医院接收的 96例急性脑梗死病人作为疾病组，根据预后情况分为预后良好组(52例)和预后较差组(44例)。同期在咸宁市中心医院进行体检的 96例健康者作为健康组。使用酶联免疫吸附实验( ELISA)检测血清 CHIT1和 CHI3L1表达水平；多因素 logistic回归分析急性脑梗死病人 90 d预后的影响因素； ROC曲线分析血清 CHIT1和 CHI3L1水平预测急性脑梗死病人 90 d预后的价值。结果相比于健康组，疾病组血清 CHIT1和 CHI3L1的表达水平显著增加［( 55.33±8.97)比( 23.28±6.13)μg/L，(76.04±11.53)比( 34.86±7.21)μg/L，P<0.05］；预后较差组病人血清 CHIT1和 CHI3L1的表达水平显著高于预后良好组［(63.44±9.86)比( 48.46±7.70)μg/L，(91.41±17.68)比( 63.03±13.13)μg/L，P<0.05］；血清 CHIT1和 CHI3L1可作为急性脑梗死病人 90 d预后的影响因素( P<0.05)； CHIT1和 CHI3L1联合预测急性脑梗死病人 90 d预后的曲线下面积( AUC)明显大于 CHIT1和 CHI3L1单一指标( P<0.05)。结论急性脑梗死病人血清中 CHIT1和 CHI3L1表达水平增加，与病人的预后有关，可用于预测急性脑梗死病人短期预后，具有作为预后标志物的潜力。     

血管生成素及其受体与降钙素原联合检测在急性肺损伤诊治中的作用

目的 研究急性肺损伤(ALI)病人血清中血管生成素-1(Ang-1)、血管生成素-2(Ang-2)及其受体(Tie-2)与降钙素原(PCT)的变化规律,探讨Ang-1、Ang-2、Tie-2与PCT在ALI病情评估和预后判断中的临床意义。方法 选取2016年9月至2017年3月南通大学附属医院重症监护病房的病人102例为ALI组,同时选择50例体检健康者为对照组。ALI组根据病人开始入院到随访28 d结束后生存情况再分成存活组和死亡组,比较病人血清中Ang-1、Ang-2、Tie-2与PCT的前后变化及急诊脓毒症病死率评分(MEDS)的严重程度及对预后评估的临床价值。结果 ALI组血清Ang-1、Tie-2水平分别为(0.99±0.08)、(0.96±0.08)μg/L,对照组分别为(2.07±0.15)、(1.51±0.31)μg/L,ALI组显著高于对照组,均差异有统计学意义(t=78.921,P<0.001;t=228.818,P<0.001),ALI组Ang-2、PCT、MEDS评分分别为(18.63±3.03)μg/L、(9.52±1.22)μg/L、(10.59±2.06)分,对照组分别为(1.75±0.22)μg/L、(0.31±0.15)μg/L、(2.97±0.33)分,ALI组均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=153.629,P<0.001;t=22.545,P<0.001;t=420.623,P<0.001);存活组Ang-1、Tie-2分别为(0.85±0.32)、(1.08±0.64)μg/L,死亡组分别为(0.66±0.07)、(0.61±0.14)μg/L,存活组均显著高于死亡组,差异有统计学意义(t=20.241,P<0.001;t=16.515,P<0.001),存活组Ang-2、PCT分别为(0.85±0.32)、(8.20±0.93)μg/L、死亡组分别为(11.01±1.21)、(13.65±3.68)μg/L,存活组均显著低于死亡组,差异有统计学意义(t=14.197,P<0.001;t=277.114,P<0.001);存活组病人入院24 h Ang-1、Tie-2分别为(0.85±0.32)、(1.08±0.64)μg/L,治疗28 d后分别为(1.30±0.57)、(1.49±0.57)μg/L,均显著升高,差异有统计学意义(t=35.805,P<0.001;t=10.441,P<0.001),入院24 h Ang-2、PCT分别为(8.30±0.98)、(8.20±0.93)μg/L,治疗28 d后分别为(2.09±1.56)、(4.88±1.64)μg/L,均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(t=797.817,P<0.001;t=8.323,P<0.001)。结论 通过抑制Ang-2、PCT的表达并促进Ang-1、Tie-2表达,可能有利于控制ALI病人的病情,发病时同时检测上述四项对ALI病人预后有较好的预测作用,可提高检出率。     

慢性肝病患者血清透明质酸测定及其临床意义

本文报告用RIA测定88例慢性肝病患者血清透明质酸(HA)的水平。结果如下:1.随着肝病病程的进展,患者血清HA水平逐渐增高,即肝硬化(445.95±123.68μg/L)>慢活肝(224.71±54.95μg/L)>慢迁肝(82.13±33.81μg/L)>正常对照组(47.57±17.54μg/L)(均P<0.01)。2.肝硬化患者按Child分级,A级(321.14±37.17μg/L)相似文献   

Efficacy of gut lavage,hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the therapy of paraquat or diquat intoxication

Clinical and in vitro investigations were carried out to test the efficacy of gut lavage, hemodialysis, and hemoperfusion in the treatment of poisoning with paraquat or diquat. In a patient suffering from diquat intoxication 130 times more diquat was removed by gut lavage 30 h after ingestion than was removed by complete aspiration of the gastric contents.Determination of in vitro clearances for paraquat and diquat by hemodialysis showed that, at serum concentrations of 1–2 ppm, such as are frequently encountered in poisoning in man, toxicologically relevant quantities of herbicide cannot be removed from the body. At a concentration of 20 ppm, on the other hand, hemodialysis proved to be effective, the clearance being 70 ml/min at a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min. The efficacy of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal was on the whole better. Especially at concentrations around 1–2 ppm, the clearance values for hemoperfusion were some 5–7 times higher than those for hemodialysis.In a patient suffering from paraquat poisoning, both hemodialysis as well as hemoperfusion were carried out. The in vitro results could be confirmed: At serum concentrations of paraquat less than 1 ppm no clearance could be obtained by hemodialysis while by hemoperfusion with activated charcoal quite high clearance values were measured and the serum level dropped down to zero.

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Zusammenfassung Klinische Untersuchungen und Laboratoriumsversuche wurden durchgeführt, um die Wirksamkeit von Darmspülung, Hämodialyse und Hämoperfusion bei Paraquat- und Deiquat-Vergiftungen zu prüfen.Bei einem Patienten wurde 30 Std nach Deiquat-Aufnahme durch Darmspülung 130mal mehr Deiquat entfernt als durch vollständige Aspiration des Mageninhaltes. In vitro-Versuche ergaben, daß bei Blutserumkonzentrationen von 1–2 ppm, die bei Vergiftungen oft gemessen werden, durch Hämodialyse keine toxikologisch relevanten Paraquat- oder Deiquat-Mengen entfernt werden können. Dagegen erwies sich die Hämodialyse bei 20 ppm und einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min mit einer Clearance von 70 ml/min als wirksam. Die Hämoperfusion mit beschicheter Aktivkohle war in diesen Versuchen aber eindeutig überlegen, denn insbesondere bei Konzentrationen um 1–2 ppm waren die Clearance-Werte 5–7mal höher als bei der Hämodialyse.Die in vitro-Ergebnisse wurden bei einem Patienten mit einer Paraquat-Vergiftung bestätigt: Bei Konzentrationen unter 1 ppm war die Hämodialyse wirkungslos, während durch Hämoperfusion relativ hohe Clearance-Werte erreicht wurden, so daß der Serumspiegel rasch unter die Nachweisgrenze abfiel.

     

In vitro studies on sterically stabilized liposomes (SL) as enzyme carriers in organophosphorus (OP) antagonism

This study describes a new approach for organophosphorous (OP) antidotal treatment by encapsulating an OP hydrolyzing enzyme, OPA anhydrolase (OPAA), within sterically stabilized liposomes. The recombinant OPAA enzyme was derived from Alteromonas strain JD6. It has broad substrate specificity to a wide range of OP compounds: DFP and the nerve agents, soman and sarin. Liposomes encapsulating OPAA (SL)* were made by mechanical dispersion method. Hydrolysis of DFP by (SL)* was measured by following an increase of fluoride ion concentration using a fluoride ion selective electrode. OPAA entrapped in the carrier liposomes rapidly hydrolyze DFP, with the rate of DFP hydrolysis directly proportional to the amount of (SL)* added to the solution. Liposomal carriers containing no enzyme did not hydrolyze DFP. The reaction was linear and the rate of hydrolysis was first order in the substrate. This enzyme carrier system serves as a biodegradable protective environment for the recombinant OP-metabolizing enzyme, OPAA, resulting in prolongation of enzymatic concentration in the body. These studies suggest that the protection of OP intoxication can be strikingly enhanced by adding OPAA encapsulated within (SL)* to pralidoxime and atropine.     

Synthesis,Cytotoxicity and Antileishmanial Activity of Some N-(2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl)-7-chloroquinolin-4-amines

We report herein the condensation of 4,7-dichloroquinoline (1) with tryptamine (2) and D-tryptophan methyl ester (3) . Hydrolysis of the methyl ester adduct (5) yielded the free acid (6) . The compounds were evaluated in vitro for activity against four different species of Leishmania promastigote forms and for cytotoxic activity against Kb and Vero cells. Compound (5) showed good activity against the Leishmania species tested, while all three compounds displayed moderate activity in both Kb and Vero cells.     

Steroidal sapogenin contents in some domestic plants

In order to find out the values of the steroid resources for the future use. the compositions and contents of steroidal sapogenins from 13 domestic plants have been investigated. As a result,Dioscorea nipponica, D. quinqueloba andSmilax china were found to have large amount of diosgenin. And pennogenin inTrillium kamtschaticum andParis verticillata, yuccagenin inAllium fistulosum, hecogenin inAgave americana and neochlorogenin inSolanum nigum were appeared to be major steroidal sapogenins.     

Aquatic Insects and Trace Metals: Bioavailability,Bioaccumulation, and Toxicity

Abstract

The uptake of metals from food and water sources by insects is thought to be additive. For a given metal, the proportions taken up from water and food will depend both on the bioavailable concentration of the metal associated with each source and the mechanism and rate by which the metal enters the insect. Attempts to correlate insect trace metal concentrations with the trophic level of insects should be made with a knowledge of the feeding relationships of the individual taxa concerned. Pathways for the uptake of essential metals, such as copper and zinc, exist at the cellular level, and other nonessential metals, such as cadmium, also appear to enter via these routes. Within cells, trace metals can be bound to proteins or stored in granules. The internal distribution of metals among body tissues is very heterogeneous, and distribution patterns tend to be both metal and taxon specific. Trace metals associated with insects can be both bound on the surface of their chitinous exoskeleton and incorporated into body tissues. The quantities of trace meals accumulated by an individual reflect the net balance between the rate of metal influx from both dissolved and particulate sources and the rate of metal efflux from the organism. The toxicity of metals has been demonstrated at all levels of biological organization: cell, tissue, individual, population, and community. Much of the literature pertaining to the toxic effects of metals on aquatic insects is based on laboratory observations and, as such, it is difficult to extrapolate the data to insects in nature. The few experimental studies in nature suggest that trace metal contaminants can affect both the distribution and the abundance of aquatic insects. Insects have a largely unexploited potential as biomonitors of metal contamination in nature. A better understanding of the physico-chemical and biological mechanisms mediating trace metal bioavailability and exchange will facilitate the development of general predictive models relating trace metal concentrations in insects to those in their environment. Such models will facilitate the use of insects as contaminant biomonitors.