腰椎管狭窄症的手术治疗：附70例报告

本文报告腰椎管狭窄手术治疗７０例的经验。经平均随访２年１０个月．优良率９０％，手术并发症５．７％。术中发现ＣＴ造影报告与手术结果不符合者均发生在Ｌ＿４～Ｌ＿５间隙。且均为椎间盘突出。诊断符合率ＣＴ为８５．２％，造影８６．７％。本组资料表明半椎板优于全椎板切除，合并椎间盘突出优于单纯性狭窄。作者认为选择术式应根据临床表现、狭窄类型、年龄、ＣＴ造影片来决定，不强求单一术式。主张中央型选用全椎板，一侧症状者选用半椎板减压。并认为手术并发症与技术操作有关。     

腰椎管狭窄症合并椎间盘突出的手术方法比较

比较全椎板和大部椎板切除减压加椎间盘髓核摘除术治疗腰椎管狭窄症合并椎间盘突出病人的疗效。方法共收治腰椎管狭窄症合并椎间盘突出病人１１２例，分别采用狭窄节段上一椎体的全椎板和大部椎板切除减压加椎间盘髓核摘除术进行治疗。结果随访４２例病人，平均随访时间６．８ａ，疗效优良率达８８．１％，复发率２．４％，取得了较满意的结果。随访３２例病人的腰椎过屈过伸位片发现，大部椎板切除病人的腰椎滑移距离比全椎板切除病人的要小，差异有显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论大部椎板切除减压加椎间盘髓核摘除治疗腰椎管狭窄症合并椎间盘突出病人，术后疗效好，并发症少，对腰椎稳定性的影响不明显，是一种安全、有效的手术方法。手术中要保留棘上韧带，术后要功能锻炼。     

老年人腰椎间盘突出症的手术治疗

目的：探讨老年人腰椎间盘突出症的临床特点及手术治疗原则。方法：总结４２例临床资料。全椎板切除７例，半椎板切除及侧隐窝扩大术３０例，椎板间扩大开窗术５例。结果：共４７个髓核突出；凸起型８个，破裂型２７个，游离型１２个。合并中央椎管狭窄５例，侧隐窝狭窄３０例，椎间孔狭窄４例。４０例经１～１１年（平均５．５年）随访，优２８例，良８例，可４例，优良率９０％。结论：老年人腰椎间盘突出症具有突出和狭窄双重特征。术式以半椎板切除及侧隐窝扩大术为宜     

神经根管潜行减压术治疗腰椎间盘突出症根性疼痛11例报告

腰椎间盘突出症（ＰＩＤ）的手术治疗方法较多,有椎板间开窗、半椎板切除、全椎板切除髓核摘除术、经皮穿刺腰椎间盘髓核摘除术、显微外科间盘摘除术、经皮穿刺木爪酶溶核术、前路间盘摘除植骨术等。目前最常用的是后路小开窗部分椎板切除髓核摘除和侧隐窝扩大术,此方法破坏部分椎板及小关节,可能引起远期的腰椎不稳定［１］。笔者随机选择１９９７～１９９８年间的后方旁侧型伴根性疼痛的１１例ＰＩＤ患者,采用神经根管潜行减压及髓核摘除术,不破坏椎板及小关节,现报告如下。１　临床资料１．１　一般资料　男性７例,女性４例,年龄２３～６４岁,平均４２．４岁,Ｌ４／５ＰＩＤ４例,Ｌ５／Ｓ１ＰＩＤ７例,左侧６例,右侧５例,Ｌ４／５Ｌ５／Ｓ１两节段１例,其中１例为Ｌ４／５椎管硬膜外血管畸形卡压神经根而引起的类似ＰＩＤ的根性疼痛,根肩型８例,根腋型３例,以上病例均有明显的根性放射性下肢疼痛。１．２　手术方法　常规脊柱后正中切口,俯卧位,采用叶启彬的黄韧带切除椎间隙入路法,咬开棘间韧带及切除黄韧带,手术野显露充分,不需半椎板或全椎板切除,脊柱稳定性好,在直视情况下用神经剥离子轻轻将神经根牵向内侧,完全摘除突出的髓核后用小号１３０度的Ｋｅｒｒｉｓｏｎ咬钳...     

氟骨症性椎管狭窄的特点及手术治疗

本文统计我院手术治疗氟骨症性椎管狭窄５８例，均行全椎板切除减压，颈段有５例加行前路椎间盘切除椎体间植骨出合术．减压范围２～６个椎骨．结果２１例恢复正常，２９例进步，７例术后３年又出现逆转，１例全瘫未恢复．此病特点为病变范围广，骨质硬、易出血、椎板厚、神经系统损害等均比退变性椎管狭窄更重，黄韧带钙化，椎板间隙小或消失，手术难度大，晚期效果差．应尽早行充分的椎板切除减压。胸、腰段病变程度近似，先行胸段手术，操作困难时可以从侧方开始减压．     

颈椎后纵韧带骨化症及其外科治疗（附76例报告）

目的：研究不同手术方式对颈椎后纵韧带骨化症（ＯＰＬＬ）的治疗效果和远期影响。方法本组７６例患者均行手术治疗，其中颈前路减压＋植骨融合术１８例，颈后路半椎板减压４３例，全椎板减压４例，椎管成形术１１例（单开门５例，双开门５例）。结果：手术减压治疗效果的优良率为７９．７％，但不同术式对远期效果的影响不同，部分患者出现后颈椎失稳，其中全椎板减压术的发生率为５０％，半椎板减压术为２２．２％，颈前路术压＋植     

腰椎管狭窄症合并椎间盘突出的手术方法比较

目的 比较全椎板和大部椎板切除减压加椎间盘髓核摘除术治疗腰椎管狭窄症合并椎间盘突出病人的疗效。方法 共收治腰椎管狭窄症合并椎间盘突出病１１２例，分别采用狭窄节段上一椎体的全椎板和大部椎板切除减压加椎间盘髓核除术进行治疗。结果 随访４２例病人，平均随访时间６．８ａ，疗效优良率８８．１％，复发率２．４％，取得了较满意的结果，随访３２例的腰椎过屈过伸位片发现，大部椎板切除病人的腰椎滑移距离比全椎症合并椎     

315侧腰椎间盘突出症的手术分析

目的探讨腰椎间盘突出症的手术治疗效果。方法对315例腰椎间盘突出症的患者行单侧椎板开窗、切除上位椎板的下1／2和下位椎板的上1，3、全椎板切除或者单侧半椎板切除手术进行椎管减压。结果随访6个月～3年。按照中华骨科学会脊柱学组腰背痛手术评定标准，优283例（89．94％），良31例（9．84％），差1例（0．23％）。结论椎间盘突出症的手术治疗一定要严格掌握手术指征，认真做好每个环节，可以减少并发症和再手术率。     

315例腰椎间盘突出症的手术分析

目的探讨腰椎间盘突出症的手术治疗效果。方法对315例腰椎间盘突出症的患者行单侧椎板开窗、切除上位椎板的下1／2和下位椎板的上1，3、全椎板切除或者单侧半椎板切除手术进行椎管减压。结果随访6个月～3年。按照中华骨科学会脊柱学组腰背痛手术评定标准，优283例（89．94％），良31例（9．84％），差1例（0．23％）。结论椎间盘突出症的手术治疗一定要严格掌握手术指征，认真做好每个环节，可以减少并发症和再手术率。     

76例腰椎间盘突出症手术治疗疗效探讨

目的探讨腰椎间盘突出症手术治疗方法和疗效。方法收集76例典型腰椎间盘突出症手术的患者,根据腰椎突出的间盘组织压迫的程度和症状的轻重程度及椎管狭窄的程度,分别选择上下半椎板切除开窗髓核摘除术、全椎板切除椎管减压髓核摘除椎弓根钉内固定术．全椎板切除椎管减压髓核摘除椎弓根钉内固定术＋小关节融合术,对手术方式的选择及疗效阐述本人的体会。结果上下半椎板开窗髓核摘除术30例,术后基本治愈的25例,术后仍感疼痛但明显减轻的5例,其中术后1年复发l例,其中术后1年再发疼痛的3例（复查磁共振腰椎间盘突出症没复发,但出现腰部疼痛的患者）,全椎板切除椎管减压髓核摘除椎弓根钉内固定术37例,术后基本治愈的37例,1年后取出内固定,取出内固定1年内再发疼痛的2例,全椎板切除椎管减压髓核摘除椎弓根钉内固定术＋小关节融合术的9例,基本治愈9例,术后1年取出内固定,术后观察2年,无再发疼痛。结论根据患者病情选择手术方式,但应考虑椎间盘病变前后会出现腰椎不稳情况,是否解决腰椎不稳情况和椎管及神经根减压是否彻底,是腰椎间盘突出症手术治疗成功的关键。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM CYTOKINES IL-1β,sIL-2R,IL-6,TNF-α,AND IFN-v IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

Objectives To explore serum cytokines levels (including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v) and their significance in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the subsequent follow-ups, with attempt to estimate the role of various serum inflammatory markers in the diagnosis and assessment of ACS.Methods The study population include 40 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), 40 patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and 40 controls. Among the 80 patients, 60 patients attended a follow up 4 months later. Serum inflammatory markers including IL-1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-v were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Results Serum IL- 1 β, sIL-2R, IL-6, TNF-α were significantly higher in AMI group or UAP group compared to the control group and became significantly lower 4 months later in the follow-up patients. Serum levels of IFN-v shows no significant difference between AMI group or UAP group and controls, also showing no significant change when measured in follow up patients. There was no correlation between serum creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels and serum inflammatory markers either in UAP or AMI group. Furthermore, when divided into two subgroups using Wagner's QRS scoring system in the AMI group, there is no difference of each serum inflammatory marker between ≤ 6 scores group and ＞ 6 scores group.Conclusion Serum levels of certain inflammatory markers may have some diagnostic value for ACS, and can be a useful marker reflecting disease stability.