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肠道菌群具有参与机体能量代谢、免疫调节的作用,其结构和功能的失衡与代谢性疾病、心血管疾病、肠道疾病等的发生发展密切相关。肠道菌群的代谢产物,如短链脂肪酸、氧化三甲胺、胆汁酸、吲哚及其衍生物等,对机体病理状态有调控作用,是肠道菌群改善疾病的进展及预后的关键因子。维护肠道菌群平衡及调控代谢产物生成是中药作用机制研究的新途径和热点。本章将系统阐述肠道菌群代谢产物参与机体生理病理过程,以及中药对不同种类代谢产物的调节作用,为中药通过肠道菌群防治心血管和代谢疾病的研究提供思路和参考。 相似文献
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绿原酸的吸收与代谢研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
分析绿原酸的吸收部位、吸收机制、代谢部位、代谢途径及中药配伍后对绿原酸药动学的影响.查阅了近年来的国内外相关资料29篇,并对其进行归纳、分析、总结.目前研究表明,绿原酸在胃、小肠、大肠均有吸收,其中,在胃和小肠中以原型吸收入血;另外,绿原酸的吸收还受空腹或饱腹的影响.绿原酸代谢主要部位在肠道,在肝脏中也有部分代谢.中药配伍还能促进绿原酸在体内的吸收分布,使其迅速达到峰浓度.建议进一步研究绿原酸主要吸收部位及在胃内的吸收机制, 以及绿原酸的代谢产物对其活性的作用,为了解绿原酸的体内过程、探讨吸收代谢与活性的相关性以及绿原酸的药代动力学研究提供参考. 相似文献
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心脑血管疾病多发于老年群体,但近年来随着人们不良生活习惯的加剧,心脑血管疾病患病呈低龄化趋势。许多研究表明,心脑血管疾病与肠道菌群的组成及其功能密切相关,肠道菌群失衡、肠道屏障功能及肠道菌群代谢产物均可影响心脑血管疾病的发生和发展。中药对心脑血管疾病的治疗有着独特优势,但其作用机制尚不完全清晰。为此,基于肠道菌群在结构、组成及其代谢产物等方面进行综述,以期为从肠道菌群的角度阐明中药治疗心脑血管疾病的作用机制和心脑血管疾病中药新药的研发提供参考。 相似文献
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人体肠道中栖息着数量庞大、种类繁多的微生物,这些微生物与其所寄居的肠道环境组成了肠道微生态系统。肠道共生菌群参与调控宿主的营养消化吸收、免疫应答、生物拮抗等一系列生命活动,且与多种疾病的发生发展密切相关。因此,维持肠道微生态系统的平衡对宿主的生理健康显得尤为重要。中药有效成分代谢转化后,肠道菌群使其代谢产物更易被吸收,甚至有减毒或增毒作用,进而发挥不同的生物学效应;同时,中药也能调节肠道菌组成,保护肠黏膜屏障,从而恢复肠道稳态。作者检索了近15年中药与肠道菌群相互作用的相关研究文献,综述了肠道菌群的分类,肠道菌群失调与疾病的关系,肠道菌群对中药有效成分代谢及生物活性的影响以及中药调节肠道菌群失调等方面,并对基于多组学技术研究中药作用机制的策略进行了展望。 相似文献
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肠道菌群(IF)被称为体内最大的“内分泌器官”,能够产生具有生物活性的大量代谢产物,影响宿主生理病理过程。研究表明,某些中药不仅可以调节益生菌或益生元,而且本身具有益生菌、益生元作用,可通过肠道菌群发挥多种生物学效应,通过调控肠道菌群结构和功能来治疗相关疾病;同时肠道菌群可能具有增加中药药效或降低中药毒性的作用。其相互作用机制涉及逆转氧化三甲胺(TMAO)、减少内毒素、抑制病原菌定植、增加肠黏膜sIgA分泌、抑制α-糖苷酶活性等。现就中药与肠道菌群相互作用机制及利用肠道菌群干预相关疾病进行理论探讨,为未来研究提供方向。 相似文献
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Ex Vivo and In Situ Evaluation of ‘Dispelling‐Wind’ Chinese Medicine Herb–Drugs on Intestinal Absorption of Chlorogenic Acid
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Lixiang Zhai Jun Shi Weitong Xu Michael Heinrich Jianying Wang Wenji Deng 《Phytotherapy research : PTR》2015,29(12):1974-1981
This study aims to investigate the additive or synergistic effects and mechanism of intestinal absorption of extracts from two commonly used ‘dispelling‐wind’ TCM botanical drugs [roots of Angelica dahurica (Hoffm.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Franch. & Sav. (RAD) and Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. (RSD)] using chlorogenic acid as a marker substance. Ex vivo everted intestinal sac and in situ single pass perfusion methods using rats were employed to investigate the effects of two TCM botanical drugs extracts on the intestinal absorption of chlorogenic acid. Both the extracts of RAD and RSD showed synergistic properties on the intestinal absorption of chlorogenic acid. The verapamil (a P‐gp inhibitor) and intestinal dysbacteriosis model induced by norfloxacin increased the Papp and Ka of intestinal absorption of chlorogenic acid. These synergistic effects on intestinal absorption in a rat model can be correlated with the inhibition of P‐gp and regulation of gut microbiota. This experimental approach has helped to better understand changes in the absorption of chlorogenic acid under different conditions. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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杜仲原生皮与再生皮次生代谢物含量分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 探讨杜仲原生皮与再生皮的次生代谢物含量的差异性。方法 利用游标卡尺测量17龄杜仲树的原生皮与再生皮的厚度,采用分光光度法测定桃叶珊瑚苷和总黄酮含量,采用高效液相色谱法测定绿原酸含量。结果 杜仲原生皮和再生皮的内皮厚度分别为1.646和1.631mm;原生皮中绿原酸、桃叶珊瑚苷和总黄酮的含量分别为0.402%,0.781%和0.484%,再生皮中绿原酸、桃叶珊瑚苷和总黄酮的含量分别为0.436%,0.849%和0.516%。结论 原生皮与再生皮的厚度基本相同;原生皮与再生皮的次生代谢物含量无显著差异。 相似文献
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In Ethiopia inflammatory skin diseases are among the most common health problems treated with traditional remedies which mainly comprise medicinal plants. In the present work, the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of Cheilanthes farinosa (Forsk.) Kaulf (Adianthaceae), a fern used in many parts of Ethiopia to treat inflammatory skin disorders, were studied using in vivo models of inflammation and pain. The results of the study showed that the fronds Cheilanthes farinosa possess strong anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive properties. It was further demonstrated that the active ingredients of the fern reside mainly in the methanol fraction from which three compounds viz. the flavonol glycoside rutin, and the natural cinnamic acids, caffeic acid and its quinic acid derivative chlorogenic acid have been isolated. The methanol extract was also shown to potentiate the anti-inflammatory activity of acetyl salicylic acid. At the tested concentrations, the methanol extract displayed a better anti-nociceptive activity than that of ASA in both the early and late phases of formalin induced nociception in mice. However, the activity of the extract was more pronounced in the late phase, which is commonly associated with inflammatory pain. Evaluation of the pharmacological properties of the compounds isolated from the active fractions pointed out that chlorogenic acid possesses strong anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities while caffeic acid and rutin were inactive. Moreover, on molar basis chlorogenic acid was proved to be superior in its anti-inflammatory action to acetyl salicylic acid. It was therefore concluded that chlorogenic acid contributes, in full or in part, to the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of Cheilanthes farinosa. Both the methanolic extract and pure chlorogenic acid failed to display anti-nociceptive activity when tested by the tail-flick test indicating that the plant is not a centrally acting analgesic but instead exerts its analgesic activity by way of its antinflammtory action. 相似文献
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慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)是由各种原因引起的慢性肾脏结构和功能障碍,发病率、患病率已呈上升趋势,成为全球性的重要健康问题。越来越多的研究表明,慢性肾脏病进展的重要指标因素之一是患者肠道菌群发生紊乱,血清内毒素水平升高。现代中医学家认为,慢性肾脏病主要病机为脾肾亏虚,治疗大法为健脾补肾。而脾居中焦,具有运化抗邪之功能,这种运化抗邪的功能与肠道菌群对机体代谢、免疫等功能极其相似,后者可能是脾生理功能的生物学基础之一。本文从现代肠道微生态与代谢的角度系统阐述了从中医“脾”论治慢性肾脏病(CKD)的现代理论基础,主要包括:1. 肠道微生物及其代谢与脾胃的联系:中医“脾”生理功能的现代生物学基础可能与肠道微生物对机体代谢及免疫功能等的影响有关;2. 肠道微生物及其代谢与慢性肾脏病的关系:慢性肾脏病患者胃肠功能紊乱,其肠道微生态也发生紊乱,从而产生蛋白结合毒素,影响慢性肾脏病患者的愈后,基于此对CKD进行防治是现在研究的热点;3.慢性肾脏病从脾胃论治的源流和现状:慢性肾脏病迁延日久,损耗人体正气,属于慢性疾病中虚劳性疾病的一种,脾虚是其核心病机之一,因此健脾法应该贯穿治疗的始终。且在前期临床研究的基础上,结合肠道菌群及其代谢的理论,提出了基于系统生物学技术开展进一步研究的思路。 相似文献