彩色多普勒超声评价高强度聚焦超声治疗子宫肌瘤

目的 探讨高强度聚焦超声（HIFU）治疗子宫肌瘤的近期疗效及评价彩色多普勒血流显像（CDFI）在治疗前后的应用价值。方法 应用CDFI对经HIFU治疗的子宫肌瘤患者114例共175个肌瘤进行检测，观察治疗前后声像图的变化，并以治疗后瘤体的缩小程度为治疗有效指标对比分析，分析彩色多普勒血流信号变化与HIFU治疗效果的关系。结果 114例患者的175个肌瘤中，169个治疗后二维图像显示回声明显增强。158个治疗后3个月瘤体明显缩小，与治疗前相比差异有显著意义（P＜0．05）。143个治疗后血流信号消失，瘤体缩小；8个血流信号无明显变化，瘤体逐渐增大。24个血流信号明显减少，随着随访时间的延长，11例瘤体血流信号消失者中有9例血流信号重新变得丰富。结论 应用彩色多普勒超声技术能正确评价HIFU治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效，并在治疗后短期内指导临床治疗方案的修订及实施。     

超声显像及多普勒技术在肝癌射频治疗中的应用

目的利用超声显像引导肝癌射频治疗,结合彩色及能量多普勒评价其治疗效果。方法对120例肝癌患者射频治疗前后1周肿瘤内血供及形态学变化进行观察,并对部分病例术后1个月进行超声检测。结果120例肝癌患者167个肿块术后瘤体缩小103个(61%),血流信号消失116个(79%),肝动脉峰值流速明显降低(89.5±36.0cm/svs63.6±26.0cm/sP<0.01)。1月后对39例患者复查,31例瘤体不同程度缩小,瘤体内无血流信号;3例再次出现血流信号。结论超声显像及多普勒技术不但能准确地引导肝癌射频治疗,而且对判断疗效及指导再次治疗具有重要意义。     

彩色多普勒超声诊断外周血管动脉瘤与栓塞

采用彩色多普勒超声检查外周血管动脉瘤与栓塞，选择１０例手术证实的患者，其中５例做过血管造影。两维图像显示动脉瘤易伴血栓形成，本文６例动脉瘤中１例右颈内动脉瘤因血栓充填血管造影误诊为软组织肿瘤，彩色多普勒发现瘤内彩色血来包绕血凝块旋转。５／６例外伤性及感染性假性动脉瘤可直接显示破裂的血管血流喷向肿块内，与手术发现完全一致．脉冲频谱呈动脉高速血流、双相。１例骼动脉及１例股动脉栓塞显示血管暗区消失，管壁模糊，血管内彩色血流，脉冲多普勒信号减弱及消失。２例蔓状血管瘤表现边界不清，多条迂曲管状的无回声暗区连成一片，形成蜂窝团样，彩色多普勒显示暗区均被血流充填。作者认为该检查方法诊断周围血管动脉病变能得到可靠和有价值的信息。     

静注氟碳微泡彩色多普勒增强造影在肝肿瘤诊断中的应用研究

目的与方法⑶采用经周围静脉注射手振氟碳微泡彩色多普勒增强造影检查了 ３５ 例肝肿瘤及 １８ 例正常肝脏患者⒙以探讨肝肿瘤彩色多普勒增强造影方面的特征表现⒚结果⑶动脉相 ２０ 例 ⒉９０９ ％ ⒕原发性肝癌及 ２ 例⒉３３３％ ⒕转移性肝癌肿瘤内彩色血流增强程度强于周围肝组织⒙２ 例 ⒉９１％ ⒕原发性肝癌及 ４ 例 ⒉６６７ ％ ⒕转移性肝癌弱于周围肝组织⒙所有肝血管瘤无瘤内彩色血流增强⒚１０ 例 ⒉４５５ ％ ⒕原发性肝癌门脉血流提前增强⒙所有转移性肝癌及肝血管瘤未见门脉血流提前增强⒚门脉相 ２１ 例 ⒉９５５％ ⒕原发性肝癌、４ 例 ⒉６ ６７％ ⒕转移性肝癌及 ２ 例⒉２８６ ％ ⒕肝血管瘤可见肿瘤内血流增强⒚结论⑶彩色多普勒增强造影对肝肿瘤诊断及治疗选择方面有重要的临床价值⒚     

彩色多普勒超声诊断肌肉内血管瘤

目的利用彩色多普勒超声诊断肌肉内血管瘤并分析临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析17例肌肉内血管瘤的彩色多普勒超声图像特征，并与手术结果对照。结果彩色多普勒超声诊断17例肌肉内血管瘤，手术病理符合率100％。结论肌肉内血管瘤具有典型的二维声像图表现。在二维图像的基础上，运用彩色多普勒可发现瘤体内部及周边的血流情况，并能检测出血流类型，准确的测量瘤体范围。     

超声造影剂增强肝血管瘤彩色血流信号的临床研究

目的　探讨肝血管瘤经静脉声学造影增强后的彩色多普勒表现。方法　对 43例肝血管瘤患者(共 5 2个瘤结节 )行经静脉声学造影检查 ,观察造影前后瘤结节内彩色血流信号变化。结果　造影增强后 ,瘤体彩色血流信号检出率显著提高 ,由造影前的 5 5 .8%升高到 90 .4%。瘤体彩色血流信号呈细小点状者 9个 (占17.3 %) ,呈条带状者 2 0个 ( 3 8.4%) ,呈“半月状”者 13个 ( 2 5 .0 %) ,呈“弥漫状”者 5个 ( 9.6%) ,另 5个瘤体无彩色血流信号 ( 10 .6%) ;当增大造影剂剂量至 0 .0 15～ 0 .0 2ml/kg时 ,正常肝组织彩色血流信号增多 ,呈“火海征” ,而瘤体内仍无彩色血流 ,呈“孤岛征”。增强效果 :0级 5个 ,I级 2 9个 ,II级 18个。整个过程持续 2 5 0～ 2 90s ,平均 ( 2 61.6± 2 0 .2 )s。结论　经静脉声学造影能提高肝血管瘤彩色血流信号检出率 ,并获得更为丰富的血流信息 ,这将有助于肝血管瘤的准确诊断     

高强度聚焦超声治疗子宫肌瘤疗效研究

目的探讨高强度聚焦超声治疗子宫肌瘤的有效性,评价超声造影对HIFU治疗的疗效判断。方法选择HIFU治疗的子宫肌瘤患者88例,共检出肌瘤138枚,于治疗前和治疗后彩色多普勒血流显像及超声造影检查,观察瘤体大小、内部及周边组织回声和血流灌注对比变化。结果治疗2~5d后肌瘤内部回声不均匀性增强,血流信号减少,肌瘤内无造影剂显示,肌瘤内时间强度曲线幅度减低。治疗3个月后肌瘤缩小,平均有效率52%,肌瘤内部回声均发生变化,血流信号消失,临床症状改善。结论HIFU治疗子宫肌瘤有效。超声造影可早期客观评估子宫肌瘤血流灌注状态,有效评价HIFU治疗的效果,作为治疗后判断疗效是一项较好的检测指标。     

经静脉超声造影增强肝肿瘤彩色血流信号的临床研究

目的探讨经静脉超声造影对肝肿瘤彩色血流信号的增强作用及其在肿瘤的诊断和鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法经外周浅静脉注射声学造影剂后,观察３３例肝肿瘤７５个瘤结节造影前、后瘤结节内、外彩色血流增强情况。结果１６例原发性肝癌２５个瘤结节内及瘤周彩色血流明显增强;６例转移性肝癌２２个瘤结节内彩色血流无明显增强,但瘤周血流增强明显;１１例肝血管瘤２８个瘤结节内彩色血流在造影即刻无明显增强,延迟显影则有明显增强,     

彩色多普勒超声在射频消融联合经皮瘤内注射无水乙醇治疗转移性肝癌的临床价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)在射频消融联合经皮瘤内注射无水乙醇治疗转移性肝癌的临床价值.方法利用彩色多普勒超声观察了84例射频联合经皮瘤内注射无水乙醇治疗转移性肝癌前后肿瘤的血供变化与临床疗效的关系.结果治疗一个月后瘤周及瘤内血流信号消失或减少96.6%,其中完全消失达64.7%.1、2、3年生存率分别为66.7%,58.2%、41.9%.结论彩色多普勒超声对判断疗效及指导再次治疗具有重要意义.     

二维超声及彩色多普勒血流显像对肝血管瘤的对比观察

目的探讨彩色多普勒血流显像在肝血管瘤的诊断中的价值.方法对54例肝血管瘤进行二维及彩色多普勒血流显像检查,并记录其各自特点.结果 31例直径小于3厘米的血管瘤只有2例周边见点状零星血流信号,而直径大于3厘米的血管瘤却有15例周边及内部见条状血流信号.结论在肝血管瘤的诊断中,二维超声的作用是主要的,彩色多普勒血流只对直径大于3厘米的瘤体的诊断有补充和深入的作用.     

Sonographic detection of tumor blood flow using a new contrast agent in woodchuck hepatomas

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of perfluoropropane-filled albumin microspheres to visualize tumor blood flow in woodchuck hepatomas. Ten tumors in five woodchucks with hepatomas were imaged before and after intravenous injection (dosages of 0.01 ml/kg to 2.0 ml/kg) of an agent using color Doppler sonography and gray scale ultrasonography. Both enhanced imaging modalities demonstrated blood flow around and within all tumors. Enhanced gray scale ultrasonography demonstrated sonographic "tumor blush" in seven tumors (70%). In conclusion, tumor blood flow in woodchucks was visualized more clearly using the agent on both color Doppler and gray scale ultrasonography.     

高强度聚焦超声治疗子宫肌瘤及彩色多普勒能量图判断疗效

目的 探讨高强度聚焦超声(high intensity focused ultrasound HIFU)治疗子宫肌瘤的安全性和有效性，评价彩色多普勒能量图(CDE)对HIFU治疗的疗效判断。方法 选择86例子宫肌瘤患，观察HIFU治疗前后肌瘤的超声回声、肌瘤大小及临床症状变化，用CDE对治疗前后肌瘤内部血流灌注对比观察。结果 治疗后肌瘤内部回声增强，血流信号减少，肌瘤缩小，临床症状改善，无严重副作用。结论 HIFU治疗子宫肌瘤安全、有效。CDE可客观评估子宫肌瘤血流灌注状态，有效评价HIFU治疗的疗效，作为治疗后疗效判断是一项较好的检测指标。     

Post-occlusive reactive hyperemia in basal cell carcinoma and its potential application to improve the efficacy of solid tumor therapies

Tumor hypoxia is a hallmark of malignant tumors, and is a major factor in the resistance to anti-cancer therapies, particularly radiotherapy. Indeed, tumor blood flow often fluctuates, and thus the oxygen supply is often reduced, thereby inducing tumor hypoxia. We decided to explore whether post-occlusive reactive hyperemia, a physiological reaction known to occur in normal tissues, could be induced through a malignant tumor, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), in which angiogenesis occurs, as in all malignant tumors. Skin blood flow was measured in twelve patients with BCC, using Laser Speckle Contrast Imaging to determine BCC perfusion after three minutes of vascular occlusion, induced by limb tourniquet for limb tumors (4 BCC), and/or by clamping the pedicle of a skin flap with the BCC at its center, for other tumor locations (12 BCC). We demonstrated for the first time that post-occlusive reactive hyperemia occurs in malignant tumors in humans. BCC perfusion curves were similar to those of healthy skin, characterized by a peak of hyperemia after reperfusion followed by a progressive return to the pre-occlusion perfusion level. Induction of post-occlusive reactive hyperemia in malignant tumors is therefore a novel investigational approach that could lead to a new adjuvant tool to increase the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, respectively through the synchronized temporary increase of tumor perfusion and oxygenation.     

Role of color Doppler imaging in differentiating between pseudocystic malignant tumors and fluid collections.

The differentiation between a pseudocystic solid tumor and a fluid collection containing echoes is sometimes difficult. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the contribution of color Doppler sonography in confirming the solid nature of pseudocystic malignant tumors by demonstrating internal vascularity. Fourteen consecutive masses with an indeterminate solid or cystic appearance on conventional sonograms were evaluated with color Doppler sonography for the presence of blood flow within the boundaries of the mass. Color Doppler sonography demonstrated the presence of some blood flow in all 12 solid malignant tumors, whereas no flow was visualized in the two fluid collections. By demonstrating the presence of internal blood flow in solid tumors, color Doppler sonography can rapidly confirm the solid nature of markedly hypoechoic malignant tumors that mimic fluid collections on conventional sonograms.     

彩色多普勒超声鉴别良恶性乳腺肿物的应用

目的 探讨彩色多普勒超声鉴别良恶性乳腺肿物的应用。 方法 95例乳腺病变住院患者，首先用二维超声明确肿块部位、形态、大小等一般情况，然后用彩色多普勒血流成像（CDFI）观察，记录血流分级，用频谱多普勒测量病灶内多处血管并记录最高的搏动指数（PI）、阻力指数（RI）和峰值流速等参数。 结果 （1）临床怀疑乳腺肿块95例，超声检出乳腺肿物93例；（2）良性组与恶性组肿物在Adle，分级存在显著性差异（P〈0.05）；（3）频谱分析显示两组间峰值流速、平均流速、PI、RI之间均存在显著性差异（P〈0．05），恶性组均高于良性组。 结论 （1）彩色多普勒超声检出乳腺肿物准确，简便；（2）综合分析和评价CDFI血流Adler分级、肿物内血流速度、PI、RI等指标有助于对乳腺良恶性肿物的鉴别。     

能量多普勒声学造影对兔VX_2肝癌血管显像增强的实验研究

目的 :探讨能量多普勒声学造影技术在兔 VX2 肝肿瘤中的应用价值。方法 :10只患有 VX2 肝肿瘤的新西兰白兔经外周静脉注射 L evovist,采用 ATL HDI30 0 0型超声仪的能量多普勒显像观察肿瘤血管造影增强效果。结果 :造影后 6例显示为中等量血流 ,4例显示为多量血流 ,且肿瘤中心部位的血流显示率明显增高 ,造影前无一只显示中心部血流 ,造影后有 7只显示出中心部血流并有 3只可见滋养血管走行。血流分布形态也由造影前的点状分布为主变为造影后的条状分布为主。结论 :能量多普勒声学造影明显提高兔肝 VX2 肿瘤内血流的显示率。     

彩色多普勒能量图与彩色多普勒血流图检测肿瘤内血流的对照研究

应用彩色多普勒血流图（ＣＤＦＩ）、多普勒能量图（ＣＤＰＩ）结合脉冲多普勒观测４８例（６８个病灶）盆腹腔器官肿块内血流情况。结果显示：ＣＤＰＩ肿块内血流显示率及显示质量优于ＣＤＦＩ；ＣＤＰＩ显示下取样脉冲多普勒频谱质量优良率及血流参数可信度也明显高于ＣＤＦＩ显示下取样。我们认为ＣＤＰＩ是一种更敏感的彩色血流显像技术，具有一定的实用价值，值得推广应用。     

能量多普勒声学造影对兔VX2肝癌血管显像增强的实验研究

目的：探讨能量多普勒学造影技术在兔VX2肝肿瘤中的应用价值。方法：10只患有V2肝肿瘤的新西兰白兔经外周静脉注射Levovist,采用ATL,HDI3000型超声仪的能量多普勒显像观察肿瘤血管造影增强效果。结果：造影后6例显示为中等量血流,4例显示为多量血流,且肿瘤中心部位的血流显示率明显增高,造影前无一只显示中心部血流,造影后有7只显示出中心部血流并有3只可见滋养血管走行。血流分布形态也由造影前的点状分布为主变为造影后的条状分布为主,结论：能量多普勒声学造影明显提高兔肝VX2肿瘤内血流的显示率。     

肝脏肿瘤的彩色多普勒血流显像及频谱形态分析

目的探讨肝脏肿瘤的彩色多普勒血流分布及多普勒血流频谱形态特点，以提高超声对肝脏良恶性肿瘤的诊断符合率。 方法对76例肝脏良恶性肿瘤进行彩色多普勒超声检测，检测结果与其病理或CT、MRI进行对照分析。 结果（1）原发性肝癌、肝腺瘤彩色多普勒血流常出现于肿瘤中央部位，而转移性肝癌和肝血管瘤彩色多普勒血流常出现于肿瘤周边部位；（2）原发性肝癌和转移性肝癌多普勒血流频谱形态常表现为：收缩期峰值速度前移，常出现于收缩期的前三分之一时段，收缩期上升及下降速度均较快，表现为上升波和下降波陡直，舒张期起始波常出现于收缩期下降波的中点以下，舒张末期常无血流或出现反向血流频谱；肝腺瘤和肝血管瘤多普勒血流频谱形态常表现为：收缩期峰值速度常居中，出现于收缩期的中三分之一时段，收缩期上升及下降速度均较慢，表现为上升波和下降波倾斜，舒张期起始波常出现于收缩期下降波的中点以上，舒张末期常出现血流频谱。 结论彩色多普勒血流分布特点及其多普勒血流频谱形态特征是鉴别肝脏良恶性肿瘤值得重视的指标。     

Three-dimensional power Doppler sonography of tumor vascularity.

The purpose of this study was to assess the value of routine clinical examination using three-dimensional power Doppler sonography of intratumoral blood flow. Twenty-two hepatocellular carcinomas, seven cases of hepatic metastasis, four hepatic hemangiomas, six renal cell carcinomas, two cases of hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia, and one case of splenic metastasis were included in the study. Three-dimensional images were reconstructed by maximum intensity projection method using cine-loop data on a built-in computer in a LOGIQ 500 and a LOGIQ 700 from GE Yokogawa Medical Systems. The three-dimensional images obtained were viewed multidirectionally on a monitor screen. Three-dimensional representations of intratumoral blood flow became available for all tumors approximately 5 s to 30 s after scanning. In every case, the entire vasculature of the tumor was appreciated more easily from three-dimensional images than from cross-sectional two-dimensional images. These three-dimensional images of intratumoral blood flows corresponded to the tumor vessels that could be visualized by angiography at the early arterial phase. Differential diagnosis of hepatic tumors based on distinct difference in their intratumoral vascular structures was performed. Our results suggest that three-dimensional power Doppler sonography can be used for routine clinical examination of tumor vascularity and may provide improved diagnostic information.