乳腺癌新辅助化疗后^99mTc-MIBI显像与残余肿瘤C-erbB-2、BCl-2、PCNA、nm23与P53蛋白的关系

目的探讨新辅助化疗后^99mc-MIBI摄取与残余乳腺癌相关癌基因蛋白的关系。方法病理学证实的乳腺癌患者50例，给予环磷酰胺＋甲氨蝶呤＋5氟尿嘧啶3个疗程或环磷酰胺＋表阿霉素＋5氟尿嘧啶2个疗程治疗，4周后进行“Tc-MIBI显像，计算^99mTc-MIBI早期（10min）、晚期（2h）显像肿瘤部位与对侧相应部位最大放射性计数比值及清除率即T／N（e）、T／N（d）、WR。手术切除残余乳腺癌组织，免疫组化法分析C-erbB-2、BCl-2、PCNA、nm23、P53蛋白水平。结果残余乳腺癌^99mTc-MIBI的T／N（e）值在C-erbB-2阳性组明显高于阴性组（Z=1．98，P=0．048）、在C-erbB-2强阳性组明显高于弱阳性或阴性组（Z=2．03、P=0．04）、在PCNA阳性组明显高于阴性组（Z=2．76，P=0．006）、在BCl-2强阳性组明显低于弱阳性或阴性组（Z=1．98，P=0．048）。T／N（d）及WR在上述各组间差异均无显著性。残余乳腺癌^99mTc-MIBI的T／N（e）、T／N（d）、WR值与nm23、P53蛋白水平未见相关（均P〉0．05）。结论乳腺癌新辅助化疗后^99mTc-MIBI显像可评估残余肿瘤预后因子、增殖活性及抗凋亡状态，为估计预后和术后治疗提供参考。     

^99Tc^m—MIBI肿瘤阳性显像在甲状腺癌诊断中的价值

目的探讨^99Tc^m-MIBI肿瘤阳性显像在诊断甲状腺癌中的应用价值。方法临床怀疑为甲状腺癌患者54例,分别用SPECT进行^99Tc^mO4-甲状腺静态显像和^99Tc^m-MIBI肿瘤阳性显像,将显像结果与手术病理结果进行对照。结果54例患者中,病理结果显示共有甲状腺结节54个,均为单发结节,其中恶性甲状腺结节25个;^99Tc^m-O4-甲状腺静态显像共发现甲状腺结节52个,其中热结节2个,温结节4个,凉结节10个,冷结节36个;2例患者显像结果为阴性。25个恶性甲状腺结节中,发现16个有明显的^99Tc^m-MIBI摄取,均为冷结节;29个良性甲状腺结节中,发现15个有明显的^99Tc^m-MIBI摄取,其中温结节1个,凉结节2个,冷结节12个。^99Tc^mO4-和^99Tc^m-MIBI联合核素显像诊断多发性甲状腺结节伴甲状腺癌的灵敏度为64．00％（16／25）,特异度为48．28％（14／29）。甲状腺良、恶性结节的^99Tc^m-MIBI肿瘤显像阳性率差异无统计学意义（X^2=0．83,P〉0．05）。结论^99Tc^m-MIBI肿瘤阳性显像对甲状腺癌的诊断不具有特异性,其临床应用价值有限。     

^99mTc—MIBI显像预测乳腺癌新辅助化疗疗效的临床应用

目的 探讨^99mTc-MIBI显像预测乳腺癌新辅助化疗（NCT）疗效的临床价值.方法 50例局部进展期乳腺癌（LABC）患者化疗前行^99m Tc-MIBI显像,计算早期摄取比值（EUR）、晚期摄取比值（DUR）及清除率[WR=（EUR-DUR）/EUR×100%].按照WHO制定的实体瘤疗效评定标准评价疗效,对化疗有效组及化疗无效组WR、EUR、DUR进行统计学比较.结果 化疗有效组与化疗无效组在WR、EUR、DUR值比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 ^99mTc-MIBI乳腺肿瘤显像中摄取与清除率WR在治疗有效组与无效组中均有统计学意义,肿瘤^99mTc-MIBI摄取越高,清除率越低,疗效越好,可有效预测LABC患者术前NCT疗效.     

99Tcm—MIBI显像预测小细胞肺癌化疗疗效的临床研究

目的探讨99Tcm-MIBI显像预测小细胞肺癌化疗疗效的价值。方法53例小细胞肺癌患者根据胸部CT结果分为化疗有效组（完全缓解＋部分缓解）39例和无效组（病情稳定＋疾病进展）14例,于化疗前行99Tcm-MIBI肺显像,静脉注射99Tcm-MIBI740MBq后10—30min及2—3h分别行早期及延迟显像,分别获得早期相肿瘤与正常肺组织摄取比值（ER）和延迟相肿瘤／正常肺摄取比值（DR）,计算滞留指数（RI）。采用t检验及秩和检验分析化疗有效组与化疗无效组ER、DR和RI之间的差别。结果99Tcm-MIBI显像结果中,化疗有效组的ER、DR分别为2．33±0．21、2．44±0．19,均显著高于化疗无效组的2．02±0．31、1．86±0．30,差异有统计学意义（t=-3．401、-6．724,P均〈0．05）。化疗有效组的RI中位值为5．31％,高于化疗无效组的-9．26％,差异有统计学意义（Z=-3．612,P〈0．05）。结论99Tcm-MIBI显像在预测小细胞肺癌化疗疗效方面具有重要的临床价值。     

原发性肺癌^99Tc^m—MIBI显像与谷胱甘肽S转移酶π及DNA拓朴异构酶Ⅱa表达的关系

目的探讨原发性肺癌^99Tc^m-甲氧异丁基异氰（^99Tc^m-MIBI）显像与肺癌组织中谷胱甘肽s转移酶π（GST-π）、DNA拓扑异构酶IIa（TopoⅡa）表达的关系。方法对34例原发性肺癌患者术前行早期与延迟^99Tc^m-MIBI显像,应用免疫组织化学方法检测术后标本中多药耐药蛋白GST-π、TopoⅡa的表达水平。比较早期摄取比值（EUR）、晚期摄取比值（DUR）及放射性清除指数（WR）与GST-π、TopoⅡa表达的关系。结果^99Tc^m-MIBI早期、延迟显像阳性率分别为89．5％、82．4％,GST-π、TopoⅡa表达阳性率分别为78．5％、61．7％,GST-π、TopoⅡa表达阳性组和阴性组间EUR、DUR、WR差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论^99Tc^m-MIBI显像与肺癌组织中GST-π、TopoⅡa表达无相关性,不具有检测肺癌患者肿瘤组织中GST-π、TopoⅡa表达的价值。     

18FDG和99Tcm-MIBI双核素心肌显像评价经心内膜心肌内移植骨髓间充质干细胞的效果

目的：比较^18FDG和^99Tc^m-MIBI双核素心肌显像评价经心内膜心肌内移植骨髓间充质干细胞的效果。方法：成年小型猪8头，麻醉后利用心血管支架置入技术栓塞冠状动脉左前降支远端建立心肌梗死模型，随机均分为2组。造模2周后将分离纯化的猪自体骨髓间质干细胞通过NOGA电机械标测系统经心内膜注射移植至细胞组梗死区，对照组仅注射胎牛血清。移植前及移植后4周分别行^18FDG和^99Tc^m-MIBI双核素心肌显像。结果：移植前两组均可见左室心尖部及前壁呈显著放射性缺损。与对照组比较，移植后4周细胞组梗死区^18FDG和^99Tc^m-MIBI双核素心肌显像所呈现的缺血，梗死节段数均明显减少（P〈0．05）。与移植前比较，移植后4周对照组无明显变化（P〉0．05）；细胞组梗死区^99FDG和^18TC^m-MIBI双核素心肌显像所呈现的缺血／梗死节段数均明显减少（P〈O．05），且^99Tc^m-MIBI显像示减少幅度更大（P〈0．05）。结论：经心内膜心肌内注射移植骨髓间充质干细胞可显著改善心肌灌注损伤，增加存活心肌，且^99Tc^m-MIBI显像改善效果优于^18FDG显像。     

乳腺癌99Tcm-MIBI显像与Pgp、PCNA、GST-π的关系

目的　探讨99Tcm MIBI乳腺显像与P糖蛋白 (Pgp)、增殖细胞核抗原 (PCNA)、胎盘型谷胱甘肽 S 转移酶 (GST π)的关系。方法　 3 9例乳腺癌患者手术前行99Tcm MIBI乳腺显像 ,术后标本病理检查并测定Pgp、PCNA、GST π水平 ,分析三者与肿瘤 /正常组织 (T/B)摄取比值和滞留分数 (RI)的关系。结果　Pgp阳性组RI明显低于Pgp阴性组 ,PCNA、GST π与T/B摄取比值和RI无明显关系。结论　计算99Tcm MIBI乳腺显像RI可以评估乳腺癌细胞的Pgp水平 ,进而估测其多药耐药性     

负荷^201Tl／静息^99Tc^m-MIBI双核素心肌断层显像鉴别活性心肌的应用

目的探讨多巴酚丁胺负荷-再分布^201Tl／静息^99Tc^m-MIBI双核素心肌断层显像法鉴别活性心肌的临床应用。方法102例临床怀疑有冠心病的病人进行了多巴酚丁胺负荷-再分布^201Tl／静息^99Tc^m-MIBI同时心肌断层显像，原始图像经三维重建后由两位以上有经验的核医学医师进行图像分析。断层显像后2周内102例病人全部进行了冠状动脉造影。结果（1）102例病人行冠状动脉造影均发现冠状动脉狭窄，其中单支病变48例，两支病变33例，三支病变21例。（2）20例负荷。^201Tl图像和静息^99Tc^m-MIBI图像放射性缺损，再注射^201Tl图像发现放射性填充，提示冬眠心肌存在；41例负荷^201Tl图像放射性稀疏缺损，静息^99Tc^m-MIBI图像和再分布^201Tl图像发现放射性填充，考虑为缺血心肌；以上两种心肌均为活性心肌。（3）35例负荷^201Tl和静息^99Tc^m-MIBI图像均发现放射性缺损，而再注射^201Tl图像未发现放射性填充考虑为梗死心肌即无活力心肌。（4）6例负荷^201Tl及再分布^201Tl图像和静息^99Tc^m-MIBI图像均未发现放射性稀疏，为假阴性。结论多巴酚丁胺负荷-再分布^201T1／静息^99Tc^m-MIBI双核素心肌断层显像法是一种有效、无创的鉴别活性心肌的方法。     

^99Tc^m-HL91显像评估放疗疗效动物实验研究

目的：探讨^99Tc^m-HL91显像评估肝癌放疗疗效的可行性。方法：20只荷瘤小鼠随机分成放疗组和对照组。放疗组小鼠采用6MeV电子线,单次剂量15Gy进行放疗,对照组小鼠不进行放疗。两组小鼠均于放疗前、放疗后3天及放疗后5天经鼠尾静脉注射37MBq（0.1ml）^99Tc^m-HL91,4小时后SPECT采集小鼠前位平面图像,计算肿瘤与对侧相应部位放射性计数比值（T/NT）。显像当日游标卡尺测量肿瘤最大长径（A）和最大垂直横径（B）,计算肿瘤体积。最后一次显像结束后处死全部模型小鼠,取肿瘤称重并制成病理切片,HE染色计算肿瘤切片坏死面积百分比（PNA）。结果：肿瘤^99Tc^m-HL91显像良好,肿瘤部位与对侧相应部位有较高的放射性计数比。放疗组小鼠放疗后T/NT、Rv3、Rv5、肿瘤体积和重量均明显低于对照组,PNA明显高于对照组（P〈0.05）。放疗前T/NT与Rv5及PNA均不相关（P〉0.05）。放疗3天时T/NT增加量与Rv5成正相关,与PNA成负相关。放疗3天时T/NT摄取增加组的Rv5大于摄取减少组,PNA低于摄取减少组（P〈0.05）。结论：放疗后^99Tc^m-HL91乏氧显像可用于监测放疗效果。     

超声对淋巴瘤治疗后残留浅淋巴结的诊断价值

目的探讨超声对淋巴瘤治疗后残留浅淋巴结的诊断价值。方法超声检查32例淋巴瘤患者治疗后77枚残留浅表淋巴结,根据淋巴结声像图特点判断肿瘤残余情况,并比较残留淋巴结穿刺活检的病理结果。结果77枚淋巴结中,超声诊断73枚与病理或临床结果一致（占94．8％）。与有肿瘤残余组比较,无肿瘤残余组淋巴结长径、短径、动脉收缩期峰值流速、动脉舒张期峰值流速均减小,长径／短径、阻力指数均增大,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。有肿瘤残余组淋巴结中心型和中心丰富型血供占79．0％,无肿瘤残余组淋巴结无血流型血供占55．9％。结论超声检查判断肿瘤残余准确率较高,对临床疗效评估有实用价值。     

The Rho Variant-Du

A simplified test for the D^u factor employing a reagent containing 25 per cent serum albumin, the "stick" technic to introduce cells and forceful cen-trifugation has been given an extensive trial in a routine blood bank operation. A routine preliminary test with anti-D gave 5,051 negative reactions among 26,753 bloods tested. The D^u tube test was then performed on the former with an anti-CDE reagent in parallel with the indirect antiglobulin test done with anti-D. All bloods positive by one or both tests were tested further for D antigens by an anti-D elution technic; they were also tested for Rh-Hr factors.
Among the 126 bloods positive by elution for the D^ufactor, 122 and 126 were positive respectively by the antiglobulin and the D^u tube tests. The two tests were in agreement on all eight of the type ccD^uee bloods found in the study. The D^utube test, as done with anti-CDE, gave no false negative reactions. It is, thus, concluded that bloods which are negative with this test will be type ccddee and can be labeled "Rh negative tested for D^u. Serological factors which might account for sensitivity of the D^u tube test's being the equal of the antiglobulin test are considered, as are the probabilities of the existence of D variants so weak that they could not be detected by either test.     

二甲双胍联合西格列汀治疗老年糖尿病的meta分析

目的 通过系统评价的方式评估二甲双胍联合西格列汀治疗老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)的疗效和安全性。方法 通过检索中文数据库如万方、中国知网、维普数据库以及外文数据库如PubMed、Cochrane library等各个数据库,自建库以来至2023年2月1日期间所发表的二甲双胍联合西格列汀治疗老年T2DM的所有RCT研究,对纳入文献进行偏倚风险评价及 Meta 分析。结果 最终纳入10项研究,共927例患者;试验组均使用二甲双胍联合西格列汀,对照组均使用二甲双胍治疗。纳入的10项研究中,有5项研究进行了安全性评价即不良反应情况;发现二甲双胍联合西格列汀治疗具有良好的安全性。Meta分析的研究结果表明,试验组的空腹血糖、餐后血糖、糖化血红蛋白明显低于对照组。结论 西格列汀联合二甲双胍适用于老年糖尿病的治疗,降糖效果好,安全性高。     

陇中损伤胶囊联合骨科机器人辅助下骶髂关节螺钉置入治疗骨盆后环骨折的疗效研究

目的：观察陇中损伤胶囊联合骨科机器人辅助下骶髂关节螺钉置入治疗骨盆后环骨折的疗效研究。方法：对 2021 年1 月至 2022 年 5 月采用外科治疗的 60例骨盆后环骨折病例进行回顾性分析,选取骨盆后环骨折患者60例,随机分为治疗组和对照组。对照组接受骨科机器人辅助下骶髂关节螺钉置入治疗,治疗组在该基础上,配合陇中损伤胶囊口服,1周作为一个疗程,2个疗程后从疼痛、肿胀程度、患者骨折愈合时间与住院时间4个指标评价临床疗效。结果：治疗组骨折愈合时间与住院时间均优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组肿胀程度低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组VAS评分低于对照(P<0.05)。结论：陇中损伤胶囊联合骨科机器人辅助下骶髂关节螺钉置入治疗骨盆后环骨折有很好的临床疗效,值得临床推广应用。     

Comparative Absorption of Ferri-Haemoglobin-59Fe/Ferro-Haemoglobin-59Fe and 59Fe3+/59Fe2+ in Humans with Normal and Depleted Iron Stores*

Abstract. The intestinal ⁵⁹Fe absorption from ferri- and ferro-haemogIobin-⁵⁹Fe and ⁵⁹Fe³⁺ and ⁵⁹Fe⁺ was calculated from whole body-⁵⁹Fe-retention measurements in subjects with normal and depleted iron stores. A ferri-haemoglobin-⁵⁹Fe/ferro-haemoglobin-⁵⁹Fe absorption ratio of 1.03 ±0.11 was observed for the absorption of ferri-haemoglobin-⁵⁹Fe (8.6± 0.77%) and ferro-haemogIobin-⁵⁹Fe (8.7±0.94%) in persons with normal iron stores. Depletion of iron stores caused a slight but significant higher rise of ferri-haemoglobin-⁵⁹Fe absorption (22 ± 1.7%) than the increase of ferro-haemoglobin-⁵⁹Fe absorption (18 ±0.9%) so that the absorption ratio was 1.24±0.073.—This remarkable iron valence independence of haemoglobin iron absorption is in considerable contrast to the well-established valence dependence of inorganic iron absorption which favours ferrous iron absorption especially with rising iron doses. The ⁵⁹Fe³⁺/⁵⁹Fe²⁺ absorption ratio for a diagnostic 0.56 mg Fe dose increased from 0.43 in subjects with normal iron stores to 0.74 in persons with depleted iron stores, whereas this absorption ratio was augmented only from 0.21 to 0.28 for the therapeutic 50 mg Fe-dose.—The different influence of iron valence on iron absorption from inorganic and haemoglobin iron supports other evidence for the existence of two separate mechanisms for ferrous iron and haem iron absorption in humans.     

癌症患者未成年子女心理行为问题的研究进展

随着恶性肿瘤的患病人群越来越年轻化以及晚婚晚孕的大趋势,越来越多的癌症患者不仅需要抗癌还需要照护未成年子女。研究显示,癌症患者未成年子女通常会存在各种生理、心理和行为问题,如焦虑、抑郁、社交恐惧、躯体疼痛、失眠和暴力倾向等,但我国研究者并未重视这一群体。青少年是国家的未来,青少年时期正是性格养成的重要阶段,同样也是心理行为问题出现的高发期。因此,研究癌症患者未成年子女的心理行为问题的成因,并开发符合我国文化背景的理论模型和干预措施至关重要。     

Erythrocyte Li+/Na+ and Na+/H+ exchange, cardiac anatomy and function in insulin-dependent diabetics

It has been proposed that an increased activity of cell membrane Na+/H+ exchange, mirrored by increased erythrocyte Li+/Na+ exchange, may facilitate cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus may develop a specific cardiomyopathy with systolic and diastolic abnormalities and increased thickness of the left ventricle. Therefore, we have investigated the relationships between erythrocyte Li+/Na+ and Na+/H+ exchange and echocardiographic parameters in 31 male insulin-dependent diabetics (aged 17-68), in good metabolic control. Three had untreated mild hypertension. In all patients the urinary albumin excretion rate was less than 200 micrograms min-1. Ten patients had a Li+/Na+ countertransport higher than 0.37 mmol l-1 cell h-1, the upper normal limit for our laboratory (0.49 +/- 0.10, mean +/- SD). In comparison with the patients with normal countertransport, they had increased interventricular septum thickness and relative wall thickness (h/r). End diastolic volume and cardiac index were reduced while blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion rate were similar. In the whole study group, interventricular septum thickness was significantly correlated to Li+/Na+ exchange (r = 0.61, P less than 0.001) and Na+/H+ exchange (r = 0.35, P less than 0.05), independently of the effect of age and blood pressure. Posterior wall thickness was correlated to Li+/Na+ exchange (r = 0.38, P less than 0.05) and h/r to Li+/Na+ exchange (r = 0.41, P less than 0.05) and to Na+/H+ exchange (r = 0.44, P less than 0.05). Li+/Na+ exchange was negatively correlated to cardiac index (r = -0.37, P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Further Observations on the Blood Factors RhA, RhB, RhC and RhD

The findings in 18 cases of individuals with Rh_o-positive blood who had antibodies in their serum resembling anti-Rh_o in specificity are briefly summarized. One interesting finding is the relatively high frequency of such individuals among Negroes, especially with the blood type Rh^d_o and Rh^abd_o. The significance of these findings is discussed.