美托洛尔联合依那普利治疗血管迷走性晕厥疗效观察

目的观察美托洛尔联合依那普利口服治疗血管迷走性晕厥的临床疗效。方法 22例经直立倾斜试验确诊的血管迷走性晕厥患者,给予美托洛尔联合依那普利口服治疗,2周后复查直立倾斜试验,并进行1.5～2年随访,观察防治效果。结果 22例患者2周后复查直立倾斜试验,21例转为阴性,随访1例再发,1例失随访,其余20例均未再发作。结论美托洛尔联合依那普利口服对血管迷走性晕厥有较好的防治效果。     

延续护理在血管迷走性晕厥患者出院后的应用效果

目的观察对血管迷走性晕厥患者实施延续护理的效果。方法选取2014年1~12月住院的104例血管迷走性晕厥患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和实验组各52例,对照组给予常规出院指导,实验组在对照组的基础上给予延续护理。比较2组患者护理后晕厥再发次数及晕厥后发生意外情况。结果实验组患者再发晕厥及合并外伤的次数少于对照组。结论延续护理可减少血管迷走性晕厥患者再发晕厥的发生和晕厥后意外的发生。     

直立倾斜试验诊断血管迷走性晕厥的价值

目的研究直立倾斜试验（ＨＵＴ）诊断血管迷走性晕厥的价值。方法６７例原因不明的晕厥患者、２０例正常对照组行ＨＵＴ时,并采用特异性及敏感性较高的静滴异丙肾上腺素重复试验。观察心率、收缩压、舒张压变化。结果４３例阳性患者中,血管抑制性晕厥３１例（３１／６７）,混合性晕厥１２例。患者组,基础早搏时与阳性时的心率、收缩压、舒张压之间有高度显著性差异（Ｐ＜０００１）。静滴异丙肾上腺素敏感性６４％,特异性８５％。结论静滴异丙肾上腺素重复倾斜试验对诊断血管迷走性晕厥具有重要价值。     

直立倾斜试验诊断不明原因晕厥的价值

目的探讨直立倾斜试验在不明原因晕厥诊断中的价值。方法不明原因晕厥患者366例,均行直立倾斜试验检查。结果直立倾斜试验阳性252例,阳性率68．9％;直立性不耐受综合征类型中以血管迷走性晕厥多见,其次为体位性心动过速、直立性低血压;血管迷走性晕厥中血管减压型比例女性高于男性（P〈O．05）;年龄≥60岁15例患者中直立倾斜试验阳性10例,均表现为血管迷走性晕厥;13例发生假性晕厥。结论直立倾斜试验阳性者并非为反射性晕厥,直立位3～45min发生晕厥的阳性患者,须结合年龄、性别及病史确诊是体位性晕厥或反射性晕厥。     

血管迷走性晕厥病人行直立倾斜试验的护理

晕厥是临床上较为常见的一种综合征。血管迷走性晕厥在不明原因的晕厥中约占70％，直立倾斜试验已逐渐成为诊断血管迷走性晕厥的重要手段。血管迷走性晕厥病人在日常生活中以及在直立倾斜试验前后的护理干预较为重要。现就本院收治的128例病人的情况总结如下。     

直立倾斜试验对不明原因晕厥的临床应用

目的探讨直立倾斜试验在不明原因晕厥患者中筛查血管迷走性晕厥的价值。方法对52例不明原因晕厥患者进行直立倾斜试验,严密观察其血压、心率的变化。结果52例患者中阳性30例,占57．7％;基础倾斜试验阳性5例,异丙肾上腺素激发倾斜试验阳性25例;其中,心脏抑制型5例（16．7％）,血管抑制型8例（26．6％）,混合型17例（56．7％）。结论直立倾斜试验能简捷、有效地把血管迷走性晕厥从不明原因晕厥患者中筛查出来,明确诊断,值得临床推广应用。     

口服补液盐治疗血管迷走性晕厥疗效及与血流动力学类型的关系

目的观察口服补液盐治疗血管迷走性晕厥(VVS)的临床疗效,并评价其对不同血流动力学类型VVS患者的影响。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选择2013年9月至2016年6月东莞东华医院收治的80例VVS患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法随机分为两组,对照组(n=25)给予健康教育,观察组(n=55)在健康教育基础上给予口服补液盐治疗。比较两组患者直立倾斜试验(HUTT)转阴率、平卧血压和心率;另外根据不同血流动力学类型,观察组又分为血管抑制型(n=29)和混合型及心脏抑制型(n=26),观察口服补液盐对不同血流动力学类型VVS患者的影响;对照组和观察组治疗6个月后若无晕厥或晕厥先兆发展则停止治疗并随访12个月,观察晕厥或晕厥先兆复发率。结果治疗6个月后,观察组HUTT转阴率(70.9%)明显高于对照组(24.0%),差异有显著性(P0.05);两组患者治疗前后的平卧血压和心率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),但两组患者治疗后的HUTT过程中倾斜开始与基础平卧位血压和心率差值的变化差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);随访12个月,观察组的晕厥或晕厥先兆复发率(43.6%)明显低于低于对照组(68.0%),差异有显著性(P0.05);血管抑制型HUTT转阴率(79.3%)、随访晕厥或晕厥先兆复发率(34.5%)略优于混合型及心脏抑制型(61.5%,53.8%),但差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论口服补液盐治疗VVS的疗效要优于单纯健康教育;口服补液盐适用于不同血流动力学类型VVS患者,疗效相似。     

直立倾斜试验对儿童晕厥患者的临床应用

目的观察直立倾斜试验对儿童晕厥患者的诊断应用价值。方法对32例不明原因晕厥患儿进行直立倾斜实验的结果进行回顾性分析。结果32例患儿中阳性23例,占71.88%,基础实验阳性9例,占28.12%,异丙肾上腺素诱发14例,占43.75%。结论直立倾斜试验对儿童血管迷走性晕厥的诊断有重要临床应用价值,加用异丙肾上腺素可提高试验的阳性率。     

血管迷走性晕厥病人行直立倾斜试验的护理

晕厥是临床上较为常见的一种综合征。血管迷走性晕厥在不明原因的晕厥中约占 70 % [1] ,直立倾斜试验已逐渐成为诊断血管迷走性晕厥的重要手段。血管迷走性晕厥病人在日常生活中以及在直立倾斜试验前后的护理干预较为重要。现就本院收治的 12 8例病人的情况总结如下。1　资料与     

直立倾斜试验在不明原因晕厥中的应用108例分析

目的探讨直立倾斜试验(HUTT)在不明原因晕厥患者中筛查血管迷走性晕厥的价值。方法对108例不明原因晕厥患者进行直立倾斜试验,严密观察其血压、心率、心电图的变化。结果 108例中阳性62例,占57.4%;基础倾斜试验阳性21例(19.4%),硝酸甘油激发倾斜试验阳性41例(38%);其中,心脏抑制型12例(19.3%),血管抑制型20例(32.3%),混合型30例(48.4%)。结论直立倾斜试验能够简便的把血管迷走性晕厥从不明原因晕厥患者中筛查出来,明确诊断,值得广泛推广。     

倾斜训练预防血管迷走神经性晕厥发生的疗效观察

[目的]探讨倾斜训练预防血管迷走神经性晕厥发生的效果.[方法]将66例倾斜试验阳性、近期多次发作的血管迷走神经性晕厥患者随机分为倾斜训练组、药物治疗组（美托洛尔）和对照组,治疗2周后复查直立倾斜试验并随访.[结果]除2例因心动过缓退出试验外,余64例中倾斜训练组的直立倾斜试验转阴率为86.4%（19/22）、药物治疗组、对照组的直立倾斜试验转阴率分别为25.0%（5/20）、18.2%（4/22）.倾斜训练组与其他两组比较有统计学差异（P〈0.05）,药物治疗组与对照组比较无统计学差异（P〉0.05）.治疗随访半年,倾斜训练组晕厥复发率为9.1%（2/22）,药物治疗组、对照组晕厥复发率分别为40.0%（8/20）、77.3%（17/22）.三组间比较分别有统计学差异（P〈0.05）,但倾斜训练组晕厥复发率最低.[结论]倾斜训练可更好的预防血管迷走神经性晕厥患者的晕厥发生.     

Tilt Training: Does It Have a Role in Preventing Vasovagal Syncope?

BACKGROUND: Vasovagal syncope is one of the most common medical conditions in young adults. Previous trials have shown effectiveness of tilt training in treating this condition. We conducted a prospective, randomized study in order to evaluate the role of tilt-training in young adults with vasovagal syncope. METHODS: Forty-six soldiers (mean age 19.4 +/- 0.8 years, 25 males), with a clinical diagnosis of vasovagal syncope supported by positive tilt test, were randomized to either three months of daily tilt training (treatment group), or no training (control group). Patients in both groups were instructed to increase fluid and salt intake, and to refrain from syncope-inducing situations, such as prolonged standing. RESULTS: Compliance, defined as performing 50% or more of the tilt training daily sessions, was 91% during the first month, and declined to 58% during three months. Treatment group patients had a median (interquartile range) of 5.0 (0.5-16.0) syncope episodes during one-year follow up, compared to a median of 2.0 (0-6.0) episodes in the control group (P = 0.737). Also, there was no difference in time to first syncope after randomization between groups: a median of 1.0 (0.5-2.0) month in the treatment group, compared to 0.8 (0.5-2.0) month in the control group (P = 0.336). CONCLUSIONS: Adding daily three-month tilt training to modifications in lifestyle does not improve treatment results in young adults with vasovagal syncope. Good compliance is difficult to achieve in a tilt training program.     

舌下含服硝酸甘油倾斜试验诊断血管迷走性晕厥的价值

目的　探讨舌下含服硝酸甘油倾斜试验 (NTTT)对血管迷走性晕厥的诊断价值。方法　 35例不明原因性晕厥患者进行倾斜试验并以 2 2例正常人作对照组。结果　晕厥组基础倾斜试验 (BTTT)阳性 8例 (2 2 .86% ) ,对照组基础倾斜试验无 1例阳性。舌下含服 0 .3mg硝酸甘油后有 1 9例阳性 (70 .37% ) ,对照组阳性 1例 ,假阳性率为 5% ,两组阳性率有显著性差异 ,P<0 .0 1。晕厥组两种试验阳性率仍有显著性差异 ,P<0 .0 1。 NTTT敏感性为 77.1 4 % ,特异性为95.45% ,诊断价值为 81 .63%。结论　倾斜试验采用 80°角 ,持续 45min,含服 0 .3mg硝酸甘油对血管迷走性晕厥的诊断具有一定临床应用价值     

Role of Vagal Control in Vasovagal Syncope

SUZUKI, M., et al .: Role of Vagal Control in Vasovagal Syncope. The vasovagal reaction is thought to be caused by sympathetic withdrawal and vagal augmentation. While measurements of muscle sympathetic nerve activity support sympathetic withdrawal in tilt induced syncope, the results of previous attempts to quantify vagal control using spectral analyses of heart rate variability (HRV) remain controversial. The sampling period used in the HRV studies is related to the discordant results. In the present study, HRV was computed every second using wavelet transformation to clarify the role of vagal control in tilt induced syncope during the 80-degree head-up tilt test (positive: 10 patients with vasovagal syncope; negative: 10 patients with vasovagal syncope, and 10 control subjects). Autonomic modulations were assessed using the absolute power of the low frequency (LF) (0.04–0.15 Hz) and high frequency (HF) (0.15–2.00 Hz) oscillatory components of R-R variability. Although the LF did not change during the tilt procedure, a decrease in the systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and increases in the R-R interval and HF were observed for the last 30 seconds before the tilt induced syncope in the tilt-positive group. Analyzing the hemodynamic measurements and spectral indices for the last 5 minutes preceding the tilt induced syncope, the study found that the SAP, R-R interval, and HF changed simultaneously during the 30-second period immediately before the tilt induced syncope. Further, the HF was positively correlated with the R-R interval and negatively correlated with the SAP. In conclusion, continuous spectral analysis of the R-R interval demonstrated increased vagal influence on the heart in tilt induced syncope. (PACE 2003; 26[Pt. I]:571–578)     

The role of tilt training in preventing recurrent syncope in patients with vasovagal syncope: a prospective and randomized study

Background: Recurrent vasovagal syncope (VVS) can be a severely disabling disorder that may lead to an important deterioration of quality of life because of the severity and recurrence of episodes. This study sought to investigate the effectiveness of repeated orthostatic self-training in preventing syncope in patients with recurrent VVS.
Methods: Eighty-two consecutive patients (mean age 41 ± 4 years, 37 males) with recurrent VVS episodes and positive head-up tilt testing (HUT) were enrolled in this study. The patients were then randomized (1:1) to conventional therapy or conventional therapy plus additional tilt training sessions. The patients were followed for spontaneous syncope for one year. Primary end-points were the recurrence of syncope, the number of episodes, and the interval of time to the first recurrence.
Results: There were no significant differences of baseline clinical characteristics and parameters of HUT between the tilt training and control groups. The patients had 4 ± 2/year syncopal episodes prior to the HUT. The mean follow-up after randomization was 12 ± 2 months. Spontaneous syncope recurrence during follow-up was 56% (23 patients) versus 37% (15 patients) in the control and tilt training groups, respectively (P = 0.1). Time to first recurrence was also similar in both groups (70 ± 20 days vs 50 ± 15 days, P = 0.09). The frequency of recurrent syncopes was similar in all types of VVSs while the rate of episodes was significantly higher in control group in patients with vasodepressor type during follow-up period (32% vs 10%, P = 0.04). The mean number of recurrent syncope episodes was also similar in both groups (3 ± 1 vs 2 ± 1, P = 0.4).
Conclusions: Tilt training was unable to influence the spontaneous syncope recurrence for recurrent VVS except for vasodepressor type.     

Reproducibility of Tilt Table Testing in Patients With Vasovagal Syncope and Its Relation to Variations in Autonomic Nervous System Activity

To assess the variability of head- up tilt table testing, 35 patients with vasovagal syncope, shown by a positive tilt table test, underwent a second test 1 week later. Also, on the day before each test, spectral and time-domain indexes of heart rate variability were derived from Holter recordings to examine the stability of autonomous nervous system activity in these patients. Fifteen healthy volunteers served as a control group and also underwent two tilt table tests with prior Holter monitoring. Twenty-one (60%) of the 35 patients had a second positive test. None of the patients in the control group experienced syncope during either of the tests. The heart rate variability measures in the control group varied slightly from 1 day to the other, in contrast to the syncopal patients, where only low frequency spectral power and the mean of all 5-minute standard deviations of RR internals showed comparable behavior. The indexes which reflect parasympathetic activity exhibited significant fluctuations in the syncopal patients. These fluctuations were due entirely to the patients who did not reproduce the outcome of the tilt table test, where high parasympa-thetic tone was associated with the positive test and normal parasympathetic tone with the negative test. In contrast, the patients with two positive tests had high parasympathetic tone during both test periods, with low individual variability. In conclusion, patients with vasovagal syncope show variations in vagal autonomic tone and appear to be more prone to syncope when their parasympathetic tone is elevated.     

血管迷走性晕厥儿童直立倾斜试验过程中心电图T波振幅对非药物治疗近期疗效的预测价值

目的 研究直立倾斜试验(HUTT)过程中肢导联心电图T波振幅(TWAh)在血管迷走性晕厥(VVS)儿童非药物治疗不同效果之间的差异,探讨TWAh对VVS儿童非药物治疗效果的预测价值.方法 2007-01～2009-11在我院儿童晕厥专科门诊就诊或住院的不明原因晕厥(unexplained syncope,UPS)或先兆晕厥并经HUTT阳性确诊为VVS儿童62例.HUTT时监测肢导联心电图并同时描记TWAh,给予非药物治疗,2周后来我院复查HUTT.根据HUTT复查结果将儿童分为疗效明显组和疗效不明显组,比较TWAh在疗效明显组和疗效不明显组的差异.结果 ①HUTT过程中TWAh与HUTT时间点的关系:Ⅱ、aVR、aVF导联相继从基础直立倾斜试验(BHUT)阶段1 min、10 min及30 min起,在两组间TWAh比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).②肢导联T波振幅变化幅度(ATWAh)与HUTT时间点的关系:Ⅱ导联ATWAh在BHUT阶段1 min及35 min时,疗效明显组与疗效不明显组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);aVR导联ATWAh在BHUT阶段15 min及35 min时,疗效明显组与疗效不明显组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);aVF导联△TWAh在BHUT阶段35 min时,疗效明显组与疗效不明显组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).③TWAh与VVS儿童非药物治疗效果的关系:Ⅱ、aVR、aVF导联相继从BHUT阶段1 min、10 min及30 min起,TWAh与治疗效果存在相关性.④ATWAh与VVS儿童非药物治疗效果的关系:HUTT晕厥发作时Ⅱ导联ATWAh与治疗效果存在相关性(P<0.05).结论 Ⅱ、aVR、aVF导联TWAh对VVS儿童近期非药物治疗效果存在一定预测价值.     

盐酸米多君对儿童血管迷走性晕厥血流动力学的影响

目的 观察盐酸米多君干预前后血管迷走性晕厥(VVS)儿童血流动力学变化,探讨盐酸米多君对VVS患儿血流动力学的影响.方法 2007-04～2009-05在中南大学湘雅二医院儿童晕厥专科就诊或住院的6～17岁[平均(11.60±2.83)岁]62例不明原因晕厥(UPS)或晕厥先兆、直立倾斜试验(HUTT)阳性的VVS患儿,分为口服补液盐组(n=36)和盐酸米多君组(n=26),根据HUTT结果评价疗效并监测其血流动力学变化.治疗6个月后,如没有晕厥或晕厥先兆发作则停药并继续随访.结果 盐酸米多君组HUTT转阴率与口服补液盐组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);盐酸米多君组晕厥及晕厥先兆复发率低于口服补液盐组(P<0.05);两组干预前后平卧位血压和心率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).盐酸米多君组干预后血压差值(△舒张压)在倾斜起始较基础平卧位显著缩小(P<0.05).结论 盐酸米多君可减少VVS儿童体位改变时血流动力学变化,改善直立不耐受症状.