2016年广西肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡分析

目的 分析2016年广西肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病和死亡情况。 方法 对2016年广西31个肿瘤登记处的肿瘤登记数据进行分析，按城乡、性别、年龄别对数据进行分层，分别计算恶性肿瘤发病和死亡的粗率、标化率、累积率（0～74岁）和前10位恶性肿瘤构成。人口标准化率采用2000年全国普查标准人口年龄构成和Segi's 世界标准人口年龄构成计算。 结果 纳入分析的31个登记处共覆盖人口11 628 368人（其中城市6 698 487人，农村4 929 881人），恶性肿瘤新发病例28 140例，发病粗率、中标率、世标率和累积率（0～74岁）分别为241.99/10万、196.89/10万、192.26/10万、21.90%；无论是中标率还是世标率，男性均高于女性，城市地区均高于农村地区。恶性肿瘤发病在40岁以后快速上升，在80岁年龄组时达到高峰。发病前10位恶性肿瘤依次为肝癌、肺癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、宫颈癌、胃癌、鼻咽癌、前列腺癌、子宫肿瘤和脑瘤，占全部恶性肿瘤发病的75.65%。恶性肿瘤死亡病例17 647例，死亡粗率、中标率、世标率和累积率（0～74岁）分别为151.76/10万、119.05/10万、117.31/10万、13.27%；无论中标率还是世标率，男性均高于女性，城市地区均低于农村地区。恶性肿瘤死亡在40岁以后快速上升，在85岁年龄组时达到高峰。死亡前10位恶性肿瘤依次为肝癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、胃癌、乳腺癌、鼻咽癌、宫颈癌、食管癌、前列腺癌和白血病，占全部恶性肿瘤死亡的81.74%。结论  2016年广西肿瘤登记地区恶性肿瘤发病率和死亡率略高于2015年，肝癌、肺癌、结直肠癌、乳腺癌和鼻咽癌是重点防控的癌种。

Analysis of cancer incidence and mortality in Guangxi cancer registration areas,2016

Objective To analyze the cancer incidence and mortality in Guangxi cancer registration areas in 2016. Methods The data of 31 cancer registration areas in Guangxi in 2016 were collected. Cancer incidence and mortality stratified by area(urban/rural),gender and age were analyzed. Crude rate,age-standardized rate(ASR),cumulative rate(0-74 years)and truncated rate were calculated.The proportions and rates of the top 10 cancers in different groups were also calculated. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were calculated using the Chinese population census in 2000 and Segi ’s population. Results The 31 cancer registration areas covered a total of 11,628,368 people(6,698,487 in urban areas and 4,929,881 in rural areas). Among these people,28,140 new cancer cases were found,and the crude incidence rate,the ASR China,the ASR world and cumulative rate(0-74 years) were 241.99/105,196.89/105,192.26/105,and 21.90%,respectively. For either the ASR China or the ASR world,the incidence in male was higher than that in female,and the incidence in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. Cancer incidence increased rapidly after 40 years old and reached the peak at the age group of 80 years old. The top ten cancers of incidence were liver,lung,breast,colorectum,cervix,stomach,nasopharynx,prostate,uterus and brain cancers,which accounted for about 75.65% of all new cancer cases. New cancer death cases amounted to 17,647,and the crude mortality rate,the ASR China,the ASR world and cumulative rate(0-74 years) were 151.76/10~5,119.05/10~5,117.31/10~5,and 13.27%,respectively. For either the ASR China or the ASR world,the mortality in male was higher than that in female,and the incidence in urban areas was lower than that in rural areas. Cancer mortality increased rapidly after40 years old and reached the peak at the age group of 85 years old. The top ten cancers of mortality included liver,lung,colorectum,stomach,breast,nasopharynx,cervix,esophagus,prostate,and leukemia,accounting for about 81.74% of all cancer death cases.Conclusions The incidence and mortality in Guangxi cancer registration areas in 2016 were slightly higher than 2015. Liver,lung,colorectum,breast,and nasopharynx cancers should be the focus of prevention and treatment.