精索静脉曲张超声分型与手术前后精液质量变化对比研究

目的:探讨精索静脉曲张(VC)的超声分型对手术前后精液质量改善的影响。方法:经彩色多普勒超声(CDU)诊断为VC患者共129例,以蔓状静脉丛(PPV)反流程度、PPV最大内径、PPV最大内径和反流程度3种不同分级指标分为VCⅠ级、VCⅡ级、VCⅢ级,所有患者均行精索静脉高位结扎,术前及术后均行精液常规检查。结果:以PPV的最大内径为分级标准,术前术后精液质量VCⅠ级、VCⅡ级无明显改变(P>0.05),VCⅢ级较术前有显著改变(P<0.05),以PPV的反流程度或以PPV的最大内径和反流程度为分级标准,术前术后精液质量VCⅠ级无显著差异(P>0.05),VCⅡ级有显著差异(P<0.05),VCⅢ级有极显著差异(P<0.01)。精子的畸形率各级组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:不同的分级标准对手术前后精液质量改善的评价有一定的影响,以PPV的反流程度或以PPV的最大内径和反流程度为分级标准更为合理、可靠。不同曲张等级VC手术效果不同,CDU诊断为VCⅠ级患者是否必要行手术治疗有待进一步探讨。

Relationship Between Ultrasonographic Grading of Varicocele and Changes of Seminal Parameters After Varicocelectomy

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the correlation of ultrasonographic grading of varicocele (VC) with the changes of seminal parameters after varicocelectomy. METHODS: A total of 129 cases of VC were diagnosed by scrotal color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) and graded into 3 groups: VC I, VC II and VC III, according to three different grading indexes: the regurgitant volume of pampiniform plexus veins (PPV), the maximum diameter of PPV and the combination of the regurgitant volume and the maximum diameter of PPV. All the patients underwent high ligation of the spermatic vein and semen analysis was performed before and after varicocelectomy according to the WHO guidelines. RESULTS: With the maximum diameter of PPV as the grading index, there were statistically significant differences in the seminal parameters of VC III (P < 0.05) but not in those of VC I and VC II (P > 0.05) before and after varicocelectomy, while based on the regurgitant volume of PPV or the combination of the regurgitant volume and the maximum diameter of PPV, the differences were insignificant in VC I (P > 0.05), significant in VC II (P < 0.05) and extremely significant in VC III (P < 0.01). No significant differences were found in the rate of sperm abnormality among the 3 groups after varicocelectomy (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Different grading indexes influence the changes of seminal parameters after varicocelectomy. The regurgitant volume of PPV and the combination of the regurgitant volume and the maximum diameter of PPV are more reasonable and reliable as the grading indexes of VC. Different grades of VC respond differently to varicocelectomy. Whether VC I necessitates varicocelectomy needs to be further investigated.