以宫腔积液为首发症状的胃型宫颈腺癌1例报道并文献复习

宫腔积液指宫腔内液体积存(积水、积血或积脓),是绝经后女性常见体征之一,常于超声检查时发现。持续宫腔积液患者,需宫腔镜检查寻找病因。本文报道1例以宫腔积液为首发症状,经宫腔镜检查确诊为胃型宫颈腺癌的患者。通过病例回顾并文献复习,以期为更多绝经后宫腔积液及宫颈病变的诊断提供参考,避免漏诊及误诊。1病例资料患者67岁,女,主因"绝经18年,不规则阴道出血2月"于2020年5月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院妇科微创中心。     

人工智能在中医药领域的应用进展及现状思考

人工智能（Artificial Intelligence，AI）的蓬勃兴起为现代社会带来了前所未有的机遇，中医药是中华民族传承千年的文化瑰宝。随着人工智能技术不断在中医药领域的科技创新中崭露头角，二者的融合不断加深，人工智能在中医药领域的发展前景、争议挑战也引发了诸多思考。本文将从人工智能在中医药领域的应用入手，对人工智能辅助中医诊断、智能决策与数据挖掘、健康管理及中草药现代化研究等方面，就近年来国内外研究进展进行总结与分析，以期为AI视域下实现中医药现代化、智能化赋能。     

Confounded association between proton pump inhibitor use and risk of biliary tract cancer: Result from three cohorts

Recent epidemiological studies suggested that proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use was associated with an increased risk of biliary tract cancer (BTC), however, confounders were not adequately controlled. Our study aimed to evaluate PPI use and subsequent risk of BTC and its subtypes in three well-established cohorts. We conducted a pooled analysis of the subjects free of cancers in UK Biobank (n = 463 643), Nurses' Health Study (NHS, n = 80 235) and NHS II (n = 95 869). Propensity score weighted Cox models were used to estimate marginal HRs of PPIs use on BTC risk, accounting for potential confounders. We documented 284 BTC cases in UK Biobank (median follow-up: 7.6 years), and 91 cases in NHS and NHS II cohorts (median follow-up: 15.8 years). In UK biobank, PPI users had a 96% higher risk of BTC compared to nonusers in crude model (HR 1.96, 95% CI 1.44-2.66), but the effect was attenuated to null after adjusting for potential confounders (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.60-1.49). PPI use was not associated with risk of BTC in the pooled analysis of three cohorts (HR 0.93, 95% CI 0.60-1.43). We also observed no associations between PPI use with risk of intrahepatic (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.49-2.04), extrahepatic bile duct (HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.52-2.27) and gallbladder cancers (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.26-1.66) in UK Biobank. In summary, regular use of PPIs was not associated with the risk of BTC and its subtypes.     

以宫腔积液为首发症状的胃型宫颈腺癌1例报道并文献复习

宫腔积液指宫腔内液体积存(积水、积血或积脓),是绝经后女性常见体征之一,常于超声检查时发现。持续宫腔积液患者,需宫腔镜检查寻找病因。本文报道1例以宫腔积液为首发症状,经宫腔镜检查确诊为胃型宫颈腺癌的患者。通过病例回顾并文献复习,以期为更多绝经后宫腔积液及宫颈病变的诊断提供参考,避免漏诊及误诊。1病例资料患者67岁,女,主因"绝经18年,不规则阴道出血2月"于2020年5月就诊于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院妇科微创中心。     

Hsa-miR-4282对肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721生长的影响

目的  探讨Hsa-miR-4282在肝癌细胞系SMMC-7721中的表达及其对细胞生长的影响。方法 采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测Hsa-miR-4282在人正常肝上皮细胞系HL-7702和人肝癌细胞系MHCC97-H、SMMC-7721，以及 20例肝癌组织及其相应癌旁组织中的表达。采用瞬时转染法将Hsa-miR-4282 mimics（上调组）和Hsa-miR-4282 inhibitor（下调组）分别转染肝癌SMMC-7721细胞，上调组和下调组分别设置相应阴性对照组。转染后采用MTT法检测细胞增殖能力，平板克隆形成实验检测细胞克隆形成能力，流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡能力。结果 Hsa-miR-4282在肝癌组织、肝癌细胞MHCC97-H及肝癌细胞SMMC-7721中的表达均低于癌旁组织及正常肝细胞HL-7702（P＜0.05）。MTT实验结果显示，Hsa-miR-4282上调后肝癌SMMC-7721细胞的OD值低于其阴性对照组，而下调后OD值高于其阴性对照组 （P＜0.05）。平板克隆形成实验显示，下调组的细胞克隆数高于其阴性对照组［（240±7） 个 vs （191±10） 个，P=0.005）］，而上调组细胞克隆数低于基阴性对照组［（146±10） 个 vs （193±12） 个，P=0.013）］。流式细胞仪检测结果显示，Hsa-miR-4282上调组细胞凋亡率较其阴性对照组升高［（23.89±1.89）% vs（16.6±1.14）%，P=0.009）］，下调组细胞凋亡率较期阴性对照组降低［（14.98±0.46）% vs （17.79±0.73）%，P=0.010］。结论 Hsa-miR-4282上调可抑制肝癌SMMC-7721细胞增殖，促进细胞凋亡，可能与肝癌的发病机制有关。     

Comparative Study of Modified Posterior Operation to Treat Kümmell's Disease

The present study aimed at examining the curative effect of modified posterior operation on treatment of Kümmell''s disease.About 30 patients of Kümmell''s disease with complete image and clinical data treated during June 2004 to July 2013 were conducted with anterior and posterior approaches, respectively. Kyphotic Cobb angle, fractured vertebra wedge angle, and the anterior and posterior heights of fractured vertebra were all measured through x-ray before and after operation, and the pain visual analog scale (VAS) was determined for evaluating the effect of operations. The injury and restoration of neurological function were assessed using Frankel classification.Patients in group A were treated with anterior operation, whereas group B was posterior operation. Postoperatively, VAS score, kyphotic Cobb angle, anterior vertebra height, and pathologic vertebra wedge angle were all significantly improved in patients with Kümmell''s disease receiving modified posterior operation (group B). Similar results were also observed in patients with anterior operation. The improvement of VAS and correction rate of kyphotic Cobb angle indicated equivalent effects of posterior and anterior operations. Meanwhile, alleviated neurological function damage was observed in 2 groups. Relevant factor analysis illustrated that there was no significant correlation of the severity and improvement rate of pain symptoms with age, medical history, anterior and posterior vertebra heights, kyphotic Cobb angle, and pathological vertebra wedge angle.Compared with traditional anterior approach, modified posterior operation, adopting transpedicular vertebral body grafting combined with vertebral pedicle screw fixation, could produce equivalent effects on kyphosis correction, pain relief, and improvement of neurological function in patients with Kümmell''s disease.     

BCAN基因在肾透明细胞癌中的表达及临床意义

目的以基因表达数据集资料为研究对象,分析BCAN基因在肾透明细胞癌中的表达情况以及对患者预后的影响。方法在Oncomine数据库中挖掘BCAN在肾透明细胞癌(ccRCC)中的表达情况。从TCGA数据库中获取ccRCC患者临床资料和目的基因的表达信息并进行统计分析。利用GEO数据库中GSE73731数据集的ccRCC样本进行基因富集分析。利用String数据库分析与BCAN相关的蛋白。结果BCAN低表达组的ccRCC患者在病理分期及T分期方面低于高表达组(P<0.001;P=0.001);N分期及M分期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。BCAN低表达组患者的总生存期优于高表达组(P=0.033)。BCAN基因高表达组的样本主要富集在KRAS信号通路。结论BCAN可以通过多种途径来促进肿瘤细胞的侵袭能力,有望成为ccRCC不良预后的重要生物标志物之一。     

Assessing perceived quality of primary care under hospital-township health centre integration: A cross-sectional study in China

Since the new round of health care reform in 2009, the vertical integration of hospitals and primary health institutions has become widely implemented in China as an efficient method for improving quality of primary care. This study aimed to answer the following questions: (a) What is the perceived quality of township health centres (THCs) under integration? (B) What differences could be observed among the three typical integration models, namely, private hospital-THC integration, public hospital-THC integration, and loose collaboration? Two rounds of cross-sectional surveys were conducted from November 2016 to June 2018. The Chinese version of the Primary Care Assessment Tool was used to evaluate perceived quality of sample THCs, and 1118 adult patients were interviewed in total. Multiple linear regressions were employed to compare the quality scores between two survey rounds and among different integration models after controlling for potential confounders. The results revealed that the quality of care significantly improved under private hospital-THC integration as observed by comparing two survey rounds, while no change or slight changes were observed in the other two models. The difference observed among the three models was that the perceived quality of THCs integrated with private hospitals was worse than that of THCs integrated with public hospitals and THCs under loose collaboration, while no significant difference was observed between public hospital-THC integration and loose collaboration. Increased attention should be given to highlighting the tight integration between hospitals and THCs and the different roles played by private and public hospitals in the current reform.