穿心莲根的化学成分研究

为研究常用中药爵床科植物穿心莲(Andrographis paniculata)根的化学成分,运用各种色谱方法从安徽临泉产穿心莲根的80%乙醇提取物中分离并鉴定了28个化合物,其中20个黄酮:5,5'-二羟基-7,8,2'-三甲氧基黄酮(1)、5-羟基-7,8,2',6'-四甲氧基黄酮(2)、5,3'-dihydroxy-7,8,4',-trimethoxyflavone(3)、2'-羟基-5,7,8-三甲氧基黄酮(4)、5-羟基-7,8,2',3',4'-五甲氧基黄酮(6)、wightin(7)、5,2',6'-trihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone 2'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(8)、5,7,8,2'-四甲氧基黄酮(10)、5-羟基-7,8-二甲氧基二氢黄酮(11)、5-羟基-7,8-二甲氧基黄酮(12)、5,2'-二羟基-7,8-二甲氧基黄酮(13)、5-羟基-7,8,2',5'-四甲氧基黄酮(14)、5-羟基-7,8,2',3'-四甲氧基黄酮(15)、5-羟基-7,8,2'-三甲氧基黄酮(16)、5,4'-二羟基-7,8,2',3'-四甲氧基黄酮(17)、二氢黄芩新...     

农村基层乡村卫生人员现状调查分析及对策研究——以重庆两翼地区为例

重庆市作为国家统筹城乡综合配套改革试验区,为推进统筹城乡教育及卫生事业改革的一体化进程,地方医药卫生高校应充分发挥其办学优势,提高为区域经济社会发展的服务功能。按照重庆“一圈两翼”的发展战略目标,有针对性的通过调研重庆两翼地区农村基层乡村卫生人员现有结构状况,并通过分析影响乡村卫生人员结构状况的因素,提出加强乡村卫生队伍建设,提升农村医药卫生整体服务水平和能、力的解决方案,为全国其他地区乡村卫生队伍建设提供借鉴和参考。     

罗勒发根的诱导及不同因子对发根生长及次生代谢产物的影响

目的 探讨不同因子对罗勒Ocimum basilicum发根生长及次生代谢产物的影响。方法 用发根农杆菌1025感染罗勒叶片,建立发根培养体系,并利用紫外分光光度法测定不同培养时间及培养基中添加激素和诱导子后罗勒发根中多糖和总黄酮的量。结果 激动素（KT）为罗勒发根培养的最适外源激素;茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）对罗勒发根的生长有抑制作用,但明显促进总黄酮的形成;水杨酸（SA）对罗勒发根的生长影响不显著,但对多糖和总黄酮的积累有明显促进作用。结论 5种外源激素和2种诱导子均能不同程度地影响罗勒发根的生长及次生代谢产物的积累,为进一步筛选适宜的罗勒发根培养系统并调控次生代谢产物的研究奠定了基础。     

Endophytic bacterial diversity in roots of Typha angustifolia L. in the constructed Beijing Cuihu Wetland (China)

We investigated the community structure of endophytic bacteria in narrowleaf cattail (Typha angustifolia L.) roots growing in the Beijing Cuihu Wetland, China, using the 16S rDNA library technique. In total, 184 individual sequences were used to assess the diversity of endophytic bacteria. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 161 clones (87.5%) were affiliated with Proteobacteria, other clones grouped into Cytophaga/Flexibacter/Bacteroids (3.3%), Fusobacteria (3.8%), and nearly 5% were uncultured bacteria. In Proteobacteria, the beta and gamma subgroups were the most abundant, accounting for approximately 46% and 36.6% of all Proteobacteria, respectively. The dominant genera included Rhodoferax, Pelomonas, Uliginosibacterium, Pseudomonas, Aeromonas, Rhizobium, Sulfurospirillum, Ilyobacter and Bacteroides. While some of these endophytic bacteria are capable of fixing nitrogen and can therefore improve plant growth, other endophytes may play important biological roles by removing nitrogen, phosphorus and/or organic matter from the water body and thus have the potential to enhance the phytoremediation of eutrophic water bodies. These bacteria have the potential to degrade xenobiota such as methane, methanol, methylated amines, catechol, oxochlorate, urea, cyanide, and 2,4-dichlorophenol. Hence, the use of certain endophytic bacteria in the process of phytoremediation could be a powerful approach for the restoration of eutrophic systems.     

腰神经根、丛及分支CT重建整体形态及其临床意义的探讨

目的 探讨利用CT对腰神经(LN)进行多平面重建同层显示下的整体解剖学特征及其临床价值.方法 选取无腰腿痛病史、骨科专科检查无异常体征、经CT检查并按CT诊断标准确诊为腰椎正常的成年志愿者50名及30例(51条)LN病变者(腰椎间盘突出10例10条,椎管狭窄8例11条,椎体滑脱5例10条,脊髓栓系1例8条、腰椎侧弯曲畸形1例6条及创伤5例6条).使用美国GE公司制造的Light Speed 16层螺旋CT对其腰椎进行扫描,在工作站ADW4.1利用UNIX系统DICOM格式行LN多平面重建,使其同层显示,观察其整体解剖学特征及病变者的主要异常表现.结果 LN根、丛及分支CT重建结果显示:正常LN呈索条状走行,略低于肌肉的密度;每条LN与硬膜囊呈锐角走出;清晰显示腰丛及其主要分支闭孔神经、股神经、生殖神经等走行及其毗邻关系;显示的节段数百分比大小与重建角度密切相关:斜冠状面>斜冠状外旋切面>斜矢状外旋切面>冠状面>矢状切面.异常LN的主要表现有:受压移位50条(98.0%)、形态学变化49条(96.1%)、粘连41条(80.4%)、萎缩43条(83.3%),增粗8条(15.7%).结论 CT的多平面重建同层显示技术可整体显示LN形态及其走行的方向、毗邻关系等解剖学特征以及有无卡压等基本病变表现,在腰椎疾病诊断中有重要的应用价值.     

Posterior root-muscle reflexes elicited by transcutaneous stimulation of the human lumbosacral cord

Continuous epidural stimulation of lumbar posterior root afferents can modify the activity of lumbar cord networks and motoneurons, resulting in suppression of spasticity or elicitation of locomotor-like movements in spinal cord-injured people. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate that posterior root afferents can also be depolarized by transcutaneous stimulation with moderate stimulus intensities. In healthy subjects, single stimuli applied through surface electrodes placed over the T11-T12 vertebrae with a mean intensity of 28.6 V elicited simultaneous, bilateral monosynaptic reflexes in quadriceps, hamstrings, tibialis anterior, and triceps surae by depolarization of lumbosacral posterior root fibers. The nature of these posterior root-muscle reflexes was demonstrated by the duration of the refractory period, and by modifying the responses with vibration and active and passive movements. Stimulation over the L4-L5 vertebrae selectively depolarized posterior root fibers or additionally activated anterior root fibers within the cauda equina depending on stimulus intensity. Transcutaneous posterior root stimulation with single pulses allows neurophysiological studies of state- and task-dependent modulations of monosynaptic reflexes at multiple segmental levels. Continuous transcutaneous posterior root stimulation represents a novel, non-invasive, neuromodulative approach for individuals with different neurological disorders.     

利用成品钛合金螺纹桩对后牙残根烤瓷修复的疗效观察

目的为探讨后牙残根利用成品螺纹桩经烤瓷修复后的疗效。方法随机选择后牙残根128例,经完善根管治疗,牙齿无松动,牙根超过8mm,经半月观察,临床无自觉症状,利用成品钛合金螺纹桩进行烤瓷修复。结果经1年到3年复查,成功率（120例）93．8％,失败率（8例）6．2％,临床疗效满意。结论后牙残根经完善根管治纹桩烤瓷修复,可以保留患牙,恢复咀嚼功能及美观的要求。     

Endodontic retreatment of a lower canine associated with a periapical lesion: case report of an unusual anatomy

ObjectivesTo describe the endodontic orthograde retreatment of a lower canine with a rare anatomy, affected by a symptomatic periapical lesion.Materials and methodsA 30-year-old Caucasian woman came to our office reporting severe pain and swelling located at the right mandible. A two-roots/two-canals configuration was discovered for the lower canine which sustained the periapical infection; a missed lingual canal was not recognized and treated at the previous primary endodontic therapy.A full pre-operative examination and diagnosis, the application of modern endodontic strategies along with the use of magnification technologies (like the Surgical Operating Microscope - SOM) and proper disinfection protocols were employed for endodontic re-treatment.Result and conclusionsHealing of the periapical infection was clinically and radiographically confirmed at a 9-month follow-up. Endodontists should know the anatomical variations of human teeth and be vigilant about them when approaching treatments. More than a single radiographic projection is recommended in the diagnostic phase.Careful procedures related to instrumentation, cleaning and filling of the entire root canal system enhance the potential for healing of apical lesions.     

茄根含氮类成分及其抗炎活性

目的 研究茄Solanum melongena L.根中含氮类成分及其抗炎活性.方法 茄根70％乙醇提取物采用MCI、硅胶、ODS、SephadexLH-20及HPLC等进行分离纯化,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定所得化合物的结构.采用LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞模型评价其抗炎活性.结果 从中分离得到12个含氮类化合物,...