侧脑室联合蛛网膜下腔持续引流治疗继发性脑室出血

继发性脑室出血通常是由于高血压性脑实质出血直接穿破所致,是一种病情凶险,病情复杂,并发症多,病死率很高的急性脑血管病,总死亡率达83.3% [1] ,目前国内外治疗方法不一。2 0 0 1年1月至2 0 0 3年10月我院采取超早期侧脑室引流,术后蛛网膜下腔置管持续引流治疗继发性脑室出血2     

骨盆骨折伴出血介入术后的观察内容及护理

目的探讨严重骨盆骨折伴出血早期选择性血管内栓塞或结扎止血介入术后的临床观察及护理要点。方法本组共10例骨盆骨折伴出血采取早期选择性血管内栓塞或结扎止血介入术后患者，对其进行严密观察及护理。结果10例患者全部抢救成功。结论严重骨盆骨折造成早期死亡原因主要是合并大出血所致休克。而该术式方法简单、迅速、安全、创伤小、痛苦少，能保留脏器功能，严重休克患者在积极输液输血抗休克的同时也能耐受此手术，并能有效缩短休克期。     

高压氧治疗手术后椎间盘炎1例

手术后椎间盘炎是脊柱外科手术后一种严重并发症，由于临床症状严重，治疗措施不理想，常给患者带来很大痛苦，临床中我们应用高压氧治愈2例（1例为脊柱滑脱手术后），特报告如下。     

前列腺癌根治术后性功能障碍：发生率、治疗、治疗局限性和苦恼

前列腺癌是北美地区男性最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，每年有215000新发病例，有35800例前列腺痛相关死亡。对于局限的前列腺癌，最常朋的治疗方法是前列腺癌根治术，10年生存率接近90％。研究表明，前列腺癌根治术后有44％-75％的患者有性功能障碍，〉60％的患者对此问题感到苦恼。作者检索了1966—2004年9月MEDLINE文献，对前列腺癌根治术后性功能障碍进行了综述。作者发现，尽管有效，但仍有30％-50％在前列腺癌根治术后寻求性功能辅助治疗的患者在1年内中断了治疗。说明尽管需要性功能辅助治疗，但对于长期的性功能适应仍然不够。     

钝性创伤致肠系膜上动脉分支假性动脉瘤一例

1病历资料患者女,46岁,2个月前因交通伤致腹部受伤,于当地医院腹腔穿刺抽出不凝血,行保守治疗后出现腹胀、腹痛、左下腹渐增性肿块。体检:贫血貌,左下腹可见一20cm×15cm包块,边界不清,有触痛,无搏动及血管杂音,肠鸣音弱。辅助检查:血红蛋白56g/L,红细胞2.3×1012/L。B超见左下腹有一不规则囊实性肿块,内部回声不均。彩色多普勒超声提示瘤腔内呈涡流的彩色血流信号,破口约0.8cm。CT提示左下腹包块,强化期包块内含造影剂血溢出,向下蔓延形成洋葱层样外观。CT血管成像(CTA)提示肠系膜上动脉分支假性动脉瘤。治疗时先采用介入方法,经股动脉…     

浅表性胃炎患者胃液氨浓度测定

目前，国内对胃氨浓度的测定方法及正常值，胃氨浓度与浅表性胃炎的关系报道较少，为了探讨我国成年人胃氨浓度正常值及对浅表性胃炎疾病的影响程度，以我院就诊患为对象，内镜下用胃管取胃液并测定氨浓度。现将结果报告分析如下。     

膝关节术后应用CPM的护理体会

为了减少膝关节术后关节粘连，我院自1997年以来应用CMP下肢关节被动活动器，对下肢损伤病人术后早期合理进行功能锻炼，使股四头肌及膝周围软组织迅速恢复其弹性，防止粘连，减少肢体功能障碍或二次手术，共195例，取得了满意的效果，现将护理体会报告如下。     

术后伤口感染的荟萃研究精彩导读

引流管尖端常规培养在初次关节成形术中无诊断价值 关节成形术术后闭式引流在许多医院已非常普遍，为研究在膝和髋关节初次置换术后引流管尖端常规培养与术后伤口表浅和深部感染诊断的相关性，澳大利亚的Weinrauch近期完成了一项临床研究，他将初次接受单侧全膝或全髋关节置换术并使用闭式引流的387名患者的引流管尖端取出并培养。研究结果显示，伤口存在感染的患者引流管尖端培养均为阴性，而引流管尖端培养为阳性的患者无一存在伤口感染。由此研究人员认为，引流管尖端常规培养对于初次全膝或全髋关节置换术后伤口感染的诊断无实际价值（ANZ，Surg，2005，75：887～888）。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

腹腔镜辅助下的腹主动脉瘤手术与传统手术的对比

腹主动脉瘤传统手术采用开腹人工血管置换，手术创伤大，术后患者恢复慢。随着腹腔镜在腹部外科应用的进展，传统腹主动脉瘤手术已经可以被腹腔镜辅助下完成人工血管置换所替代。此外，腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术部分并发症也能用腹腔镜辅助方式得到解决，现就该技术的操作、效果以及与传统手术的比较作一综述。