斑蝥酸钠维生素B6联合化疗对肺癌疗效分析

目的：观察化疗联合斑蝥酸钠维生素B6治疗肺癌的效果。方法：选取2017年1月至2019年10月池州市人民医院收治的晚期肺腺癌患者66例作为研究对象，按照用药方法不同分为对照组与观察组，每组33例，对照组通过顺铂联合培美曲塞二钠方案化疗治疗，观察组在此基础上联合斑蝥酸钠维生素B6治疗，比较2组治疗效果，以及用药前后生命质量评分（FACT-L）、癌胚抗原（CEA）、神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）、细胞角蛋白19片段（CA21-1）等改变以及药物不良反应。结果：与对照组比较，观察组的近期治疗效果更优（P<0.05）；治疗后观察组生命质量评分明显高于对照组（P<0.05）；2组CEA、NSE、CA21-1等水平比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；观察组不良反应发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：以化疗联合斑蝥酸钠维生素B6治疗能够使肺癌患者的生命质量明显提升，降低不良反应发生率，使肺癌标志性指标明显改善，对延长患者的生存时间有积极意义。     

Differential Expression of PD-L1 Between Sporadic and VHL-Associated Hereditary Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Its Correlation With Clinicopathological Features

Background

Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is a potential predictive biomarker for immunotherapy in several malignancies. However, the expression level and clinical significance of PD-L1 in von Hippel–Lindau (VHL)-associated hereditary clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remain unclear.

LncRNA XIST acts as a MicroRNA-520 sponge to regulate the Cisplatin resistance in NSCLC cells by mediating BAX through CeRNA network

Background: In recent years, LncRNA acts as a member of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), playing an important role in drug resistance of lung cancer. The aim of this study was to identify potential biomarkers about cisplatin resistant lung cancer cells using a comprehensive ceRNA network.Methods: {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE6410","term_id":"6410"}}GSE6410 (GPL-201) analyzed gene expression changes about cisplatin resistance in A549 NSCLC cells. {"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE43249","term_id":"43249"}}GSE43249 (GPL-14613) included noncoding RNA expression profiling derived from the cisplatin resistant A549 lung cells. GEO2R, an online analysis tool, analyzed the differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs (DEmRNAs and DEmiRNAs). To explore the functional enrichment implication of differentially expressed mRNAs, we used the GO (Gene ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway analysis. Through miRDB, Targetscan, Starbase and miRWalk, we found targeted miRNAs. The Kaplan-Meier curve method was used to show clinical survival analysis of targeted RNAs (P<0.05). The Starbase database predicted potential lncRNAs mediated targeted miRNAs. Eventually, the novel ceRNA network of lncRNAs, miRNAs, mRNA was constructed by cytoscape3.7.2.Results: 118 differentially expressed mRNAs were the basis of the mediated ceRNA network. DAVID and Kaplan-Meier picked out BAX, an apoptosis regulator. Venn diagram demonstrated 8 miRNAs commonly regulating BAX. Starbase predicted lncRNA XIST mediated miRNAs. Finally, lncRNA XIST may be a useful biomarker regulating cisplatin resistance in lung cancer cells and further, we explored the BAX may effect tumor-infiltrating immune cells.Conclusions: LncRNA XIST competitively bound to miRNA 520 in the regulation of cisplatin resistance by BAX, participating apoptosis in the p53 signaling pathway.     

Electroacupuncture improves learning and memory functions in a rat cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury model through PI3K/Akt signaling pathway activation

Electroacupuncture has been widely used to treat cognitive impairment after cerebral ischemia, but the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. Studies have shown that autophagy plays an important role in the formation and development of cognitive impairment, and the phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3 K)/Akt signaling pathway plays an important role in autophagy regulation. To investigate the role played by the PI3 K/Akt signaling pathway in the electroacupuncture treatment of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion rat models, we first established a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion through the occlusion of the middle cerebral artery using the suture method. Starting at 2 hours after modeling, electroacupuncture was delivered at the Shenting(GV24) and Baihui(GV20) acupoints, with a dilatational wave(1–20 Hz frequency, 2 mA intensity, 6 V peak voltage), for 30 minutes/day over 8 consecutive days. Our results showed that electroacupuncture reduced the infarct volume in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, increased the mRNA expression levels of the PI3 K/Akt signaling pathwayrelated factors Beclin-1, mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR), and PI3 K, increased the protein expression levels of phosphorylated Akt, Beclin-1, PI3 K, and mTOR in the ischemic cerebral cortex, and simultaneously reduced p53 mRNA and protein expression levels. In the Morris water maze test, the latency to find the hidden platform was significantly shortened among rats subjected to electroacupuncture stimulation compared with rats without electroacupuncture stimulation. In the spatial probe test, the number of times that a rat crossed the target quadrant was increased in rats subjected to electroacupuncture stimulation compared with rats without electroacupuncture stimulation. Electroacupuncture stimulation applied to the Shenting(GV24) and Baihui(GV20) acupoints activated the PI3 K/Akt signaling pathway and improved rat learning and memory impairment. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China(approval No. 8150150901) on March 10, 2016.     

益气健脾方对老年慢性肾功能不全患者营养状况影响的临床研究及机制探讨

目的探讨益气健脾方对老年慢性肾功能不全患者营养状况的影响及作用机制。方法将60例老年慢性肾功能不全营养不良患者随机分为对照组和研究组,每组30例。在常规治疗基础上,对照组予以复方α-酮酸片每次2.52 mg,3次/d,口服;研究组在对照组基础上予以益气健脾方每次150 mL,2次/d,口服。两组患者均治疗3个月。比较两组间临床疗效、血清生化营养学指标水平、肾功能、血清炎症因子水平,及药物不良反应发生率。结果对照组总有效率66.67%(20/30)低于研究组总有效率90.00%(27/30),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,与对照组比较,研究组血清前白蛋白(PA)、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆固醇(TC)、转铁蛋白(TRF)水平较高,血清肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)水平较低,肾小球滤过率(GFR)水平较高,血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗过程中,两组出现的不良反应为恶心呕吐、食欲不振。研究组不良反应发生率为13.33%(4/30),对照组不良反应发生率为6.67%(2/30),两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论益气健脾方能有效改善老年慢性肾功能不全患者的营养状况,其作用可能与提高肾功能及缓解微炎症状态有关,而且具有较高安全性。     

临床药师对垂体瘤卒中合并哮喘患者的术后药学监护

摘 要本文介绍1例有哮喘病史的患者行经蝶垂体瘤切除术后哮喘加重的案例。临床药师根据垂体瘤卒中急症特征及氢化可的松药动学特点，为患者制定了个体化的糖皮质激素替代治疗方案。在患者出现明显哮喘症状时及时调整糖皮质激素和支气管扩张剂。使用低剂量的右美托咪定适当镇静改善患者烦躁，避免患者自主呼吸与呼吸机对抗导致哮喘治疗不佳。治疗过程中，临床药师协助医师根据患者情况及时调整治疗方案，充分体现了临床药师在外科围手术期患者药物治疗管理中的价值。     

An Adrenal Incidentaloma Diagnosed as Dopamine-Secreting Pheochromocytoma: A Case Report

BackgroundDopamine-secreting pheochromocytomas are exceedingly rare.Case presentationA 28-year-old woman, who was admitted due to 4 hours of acute-onset abdominal pain, detected an adrenal mass incidentally. She was almost asymptomatic without a known family history. Laboratory assessments showed significant increases in dopamine levels of serum and 24-h urinary. By using preoperative a-adrenergic receptor blockers, she developed orthostatic hypotension and palpitations. When she underwent laparoscopic left adrenalectomy, she experienced rapid cyclic fluctuations in systolic blood pressure from 90 mmHg to 200 mmHg. Postoperatively, she exhibited prolonged hypotension, requiring vasopressor therapy and fluid replacement. According to histopathological diagnosis, it was a pheochromocytoma. Dopamine levels in 24-h urine and serum decreased to normal after operation. Analysis of specific gene SDHB, SDHD, RET, VHL and NF1 detected no pathogenic mutations.ConclusionPatients with dopamine-secreting pheochromocytomas are mostly asymptomatic, leading to a significant delay in diagnosis. There is a large possibility for dopamine-secreting pheochromocytomas to show a malignant tendency than the adrenergic and noradrenergic phenotypes. The a-adrenergic receptor blocker is not indicated for preoperative medical treatment because it can cause hypotension and cardiovascular failure. Calcium channel blockers or metyrosine may be better alternatives. All patients with pheochromocytomas should receive targeted genetic testing based on specific clinical features. SDHB, SDHD, RET, VHL and NF1 mutations are suggested for genetic testing of adrenal dopamine-secreting pheochromocytomas.     

A phase 1/2 trial of ibrutinib in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with mismatch repair proficient metastatic colorectal cancer

Background MMR proficient (pMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC) is usually unresponsive to immunotherapy. Recent data suggest that ibrutinib may enhance the anti-tumour activity of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of ibrutinib plus pembrolizumab in refractory metastatic CRC.Methods This was a phase 1/2 study in patients with refractory metastatic pMMR CRC. The primary endpoints for phases 1 and 2 were maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and disease control rate, respectively. The secondary endpoints were safety, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).Results A total of 40 patients were enrolled. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed, and MTD was not identified. The highest tested dose of ibrutinib, 560 mg once daily, was combined with a fixed dose of pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks for the phase 2 portion. The most common grade 3/4 treatment-related adverse events were anaemia (21%), fatigue (8%) and elevated alkaline phosphatase (8%). Among 31 evaluable patients, 8 (26%) achieved stable disease, and no objective response was observed. The median PFS and OS were 1.4 and 6.6 months, respectively.Conclusion Ibrutinib 560 mg daily plus pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks appears to be well tolerated with limited anti-cancer activity in metastatic CRC.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier {"type":"clinical-trial","attrs":{"text":"NCT03332498","term_id":"NCT03332498"}}NCT03332498.Subject terms: Cancer immunotherapy, Colorectal cancer     

Association of Multiple Plasma Biomarker Concentrations with Progression of Prevalent Diabetic Kidney Disease: Findings from the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study

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