南宁市基层卫生人员离职意向及其影响因素研究——基于Logistic回归和随机森林模型

目的：分析基层卫生人员离职意向及其影响因素，对完善基层卫生人才政策提出相关建议。方法：对南宁市基层卫生人员进行问卷调查和访谈，运用Logistic回归和随机森林模型分析基层卫生人员离职意向及其影响因素。结果：参与问卷调查的基层卫生人员共1051人，47.76%有离职意向，43.58%有严重的职业倦怠感，56.14%自我感觉付出回报失衡，工作满意度总体得分较低；影响离职意向的主要因素是工作满意度、职业倦怠、工作经验、学历、以前离职调动情况。结论：针对离职主要影响因素，提升基层卫生人员薪酬水平；给予年轻基层卫生人员更大的职业发展空间和更多的关怀；建立定向生流动调配机制，完善定向生培养计划。     

中部地区急诊科医生离职意向及其影响因素

目的 探究我国中部地区急诊科医生离职意向的现状及其影响因素。方法 于2018年7—8月,对我国中部6省的急诊科医生进行结构化问卷调查,通过χ²检验、非参数秩和检验、二元Logistic回归,分析调查对象的离职意向现状及其影响因素。结果 2 339名急诊科医生的离职意向得分为(14.47±3.92)分,其中有高离职意向的占20.44%。回归分析结果显示,组织承诺(OR=0.711,95%CI:0.740～0.804)和工作满意度(OR=0.753,95%CI:0.712～0.796)是高离职意向的保护因素,工作家庭冲突(OR=1.051,95%CI:1.009～1.094)是高离职意向的危险因素。结论 我国中部地区急诊科医生的离职意向较高,医院管理部门应该重点关注急诊科医生的组织承诺、工作满意度和其工作家庭冲突,以降低急诊科医生离职意向,减少急诊科医生的流失。     

农村基层卫生人员激励偏好研究

目的:分析农村基层卫生工作人员激励因素偏好,为建立合理的基层卫生激励机制提供依据。资料与方法:对样本乡镇卫生院和村卫生室所有在岗工作人员进行问卷调查,共调查464名乡村基层卫生人员。结果:相比职业发展机会、管理制度和培训机会等内在激励因素,我国乡村两级基层卫生人员更看重收入、工作环境、生活保障等外在激励因素。结论:不同属性的基层卫生工作人员具有不同的激励因素偏好,应根据人员属性特征有针对性地设计激励机制,增强激励效果。     

西部农村地区基层医疗卫生机构卫生人员离职意愿及影响因素分析——以陕西省为例

目的:以陕西省为例,分析西部农村地区基层医疗卫生机构卫生人员的离职意愿及其影响因素。方法:利用探索性因子分析对工作压力和工作满意度进行降维分析;对工作压力、工作满意度和离职意愿进行单因素分析;对离职意愿进行二元Logistic回归分析。结果:25.6%的样本卫生人员有离职意愿;工作压力、工作满意度、个人学历、职称和机构类别是卫生人员产生离职意愿的显著影响因素;工作压力和工作满意度对离职意愿分别具有正向促进和反向抑制作用,工作压力对离职意愿具有完全中介效应;学历高、职称低、乡镇卫生院和县医院的卫生人员具有较高的离职意愿。结论:通过调整薪酬水平,提高基层医疗卫生机构卫生人员的收入满意度;扩充基层医疗卫生机构卫生人员队伍,适当降低现有卫生人员的工作压力;对农村地区卫生人员的工作与生活条件加以改善。     

护士经济薪酬和精神薪酬满意度与离职意向相关性研究

目的探讨护士经济薪酬满意度、精神薪酬满意度对护士离职意向的影响。方法采用一般情况调查表、薪酬满意度量表(PSQ)、护士精神薪酬满意度量表(PReSS)、离职意向量表(TIQ)对538名护士进行问卷调查,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果护士经济薪酬满意度(β=-0.543,P<0.001)、精神薪酬满意度(β=-0.159,P<0.001)均为护士离职意向的预测因素。结论护士经济薪酬满意度和精神薪酬满意度均与护士离职意向显著相关,且经济薪酬满意度对护士离职意向的影响大于精神薪酬满意度。     

四川省民营医院卫生技术人员离职意愿及其影响因素调查

目的 通过调查四川省民营医院卫生技术人员离职意愿的现状,分析影响卫生技术人员离职意愿的因素,为稳定民营医院卫生技术人才队伍提供参考.方法 对四川省民营医院卫生技术人员进行抽样问卷调查,采用卡方检验进行单因素分析,及二元logistic回归进行多因素分析.结果 本研究共回收有效问卷4 942份.13.88％的卫生技术人员...     

贵州省基层医疗机构卫生人员激励因素研究

目的探索贵州省基层医疗机构卫生人员的激励因素,为制定合理激励政策提供科学依据。方法采用因子分析法探讨激励相关因素,提取激励因素的公因子,利用多元线性回归分析影响卫生人员卫生政策整体满意度的激励因素。结果因子分析结果显示,贵州省基层医疗机构卫生人员激励因素可归为社会认同、管理与工作自主权、工作压力、收入、培训发展、工作荣誉感、人际关系及居住条件等八类;多重线性回归结果显示,对卫生人员卫生政策满意度影响的激励因素,从大到小排序依次是收入、管理与工作自主权、培训发展、人际关系、社会认同、工作荣誉感、居住条件。结论针对贵州省基层医疗机构卫生人员应主要采取正强化措施为主的激励措施。     

基层医务人员工作压力对离职意向的影响——基于条件过程分析

目的：探究中国基层医务人员工作压力对离职意向的影响,以及工作满意度的中介作用和组织支持感的调节作用。方法：采用方便抽样,对我国东、中、西部13个省市的2 358名基层医务人员离职意向进行问卷调查;通过Pearson相关分析和层级回归分析,探讨工作压力、工作满意度以及组织支持感对基层医务人员离职意向的影响。结果：我国基层医务人员工作压力与离职意向呈正相关;工作满意度在工作压力对离职意向的影响路径中起部分中介作用;组织支持感在工作压力与工作满意度及离职意向关系间起调节作用。结论及建议：工作压力会直接或间接影响基层医务人员的离职意向,其中工作满意度发挥了中介作用,组织支持感发挥调节作用。建议采取相应措施降低基层医务人员工作压力,提高其工作满意度,并为基层医务人员提供更多的支持与关注,以保证基层医疗卫生人才队伍的稳定发展。     

社区居民就医意向与卫生服务利用研究

目的：了解广州市海珠区社区居民就医意向与卫生服务利用状况。结果：患病后未就医的占36．73％；选择到诊所的占6．86％；选择到社区卫生服务机构的占5．38％；选择到街道、区级医院就医的占16.88％；选择到市、省、部级医院就医的占34．14％不同年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业、医疗费用支付方式的居民在就医意向上存在差别。居民不满意社区卫生服务的主要原因是服务项目少、费用高及技术欠佳结论：只有完善医疗收费价格体系和社区卫生服务职能，才能更好地引导居民建立合理的就医行为，使社区卫生服务真正被社区居民所接受。     

基于心理资本的急诊科护士离职意向分析

目的探索急诊科护士的离职意向,为医院管理者及急诊科护士自身提供理论指导及有效的应对措施,降低护理人才流失,提高护理服务质量。方法 2013年5月23—26日对鲁南地区3所三级甲等综合医院的急诊科护士进行随机问卷调查。一般情况调查采用自行设计的调查表,主要调查护士的年龄、婚育状况、受教育程度、工作性质、工作年限等因素。心理资本调查选用国内学者郝中华(2010)修订的PCQ量表。护士离职意向调查采用由李经远等翻译和修订的离职意向量表。所得数据采用描述性统计、方差分析、相关分析、回归分析等方法,P0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果护士心理资本的总平均分为(15.26±2.87)分,得分大于中等临界值12分。心理资本四个维度中自我效能(4.18±0.64)分、希望(3.52±0.75)分、韧性(3.73±0.82)分、乐观(3.85±0.57)分。护士离职意向总分为(14.13±3.42)分。心理资本4个维度(自我效能、希望、韧性和乐观)与离职意向都存在负相关。结论建议医院管理者重视提高急诊科护士的心理资本,加强急诊科护理人力配置、建立完善的支持系统,稳定急诊科护士队伍。     

Factors Influencing the Turnover Intention of Chinese Community Health Service Workers Based on the Investigation Results of Five Provinces

After the implementation of the new health reform, the Chinese government paid increasing attention to developing its community health service (CHS). The focus is mainly on cultivating community general medical practitioners but paying less attention to the working status and occupational demands of in-service CHS workers. CHS requires a stable team that can provide good service to community residents. At present, the demission rate of CHS workers is high. Studying how to increase the stability of CHS workers is noteworthy. The goal of this study is to ascertain the key factors that influence the CHS worker turnover intention to increase their work satisfaction and stability. A total of 100 CHS organizations were sampled randomly in 10 cities from 5 Chinese provinces for this study. All CHS workers from these organizations took a questionnaire survey. In total, 3,212 valid answer sheets were collected. Pearson Chi square test and Binary logistic regression were used to analyze the related influencing factors that result in CHS worker turnover intention. A total of 38.7 % of those who accomplished the questionnaire intended to quit. The influencing factors that result in CHS worker turnover intention are (1) socio-demographic factors such as age, post of duty, professional title, and working seniority, and (2) other work-related factors such as pay packets, learning and training opportunities, promotion and personal development space, and working stress. CHS workers were less satisfied with the balance between payment and work quantity, promotion opportunity, and working conditions. Based on the results, the government should pay more attention to the various demands of CHS workers in service, especially by increasing their income, providing more learning and training opportunities, and increasing the degree of their work satisfaction to avoid turnover intention and ensure the stability of the CHS workforce.     

我国农村流动人口艾滋病宣传教育现状回顾

外出务工人员已成为将艾滋病由高危人群向一般人群传播的桥梁人群,在该人群中开展有针对性的干预措施,是当前预防艾滋病扩展的一种有效的手段.本文对近年来我国流动人口开展的艾滋病防治干预现状与健康教育研究进行阐述,为寻找行之有效的干预措施和今后艾滋病的防治提供借鉴.     

我国中医医院医务工作者离职意愿及其影响因素分析

目的 调查分析我国中医医院医务工作者离职意愿及其离职影响因素.方法 采用自制的问卷和工作认同量表,运用分层抽样与整群抽样相结合的方法,对我国5省17家中医医院共1 096名医务工作者进行调查.结果 41.9％的中医院医务工作者有离职意愿;中西部地区、市级医院、年龄≤40岁、已婚、较高职称、认为绩效考核无作用、收入不满意的工作者离职意愿显著更高,人才非正常流失现象较严重;工作认同各维度中工作满意度与组织认同对离职意愿有较关键的负相关影响.结论 中医医院管理层应当有针对性地设计实施人才管理,充分利用收入因素与绩效考核,着力提升职工的工作满意度和组织认同.     

Social Isolation Among Latino Workers in Rural North Carolina: Exposure and Health Implications

Immigrant Latinos frequently experience social isolation in their receiving communities. This paper investigates the prevalence of social isolation among immigrant workers in a new settlement area and delineates the association between social isolation and physical and mental health outcomes. Interviews were conducted in Spanish with immigrant Latino manual workers (N = 743) in western North Carolina. The CES-D and the SF-12 questionnaires assessed health outcomes. A social isolation scale was used to assess degree of social isolation. Nearly 1 in 5 workers (19.5 %) reported the highest level of social isolation. Social isolation was associated with higher depressive symptoms and poorer physical and mental health, related to quality of life. Social isolation is a common experience among immigrant Latinos that may have negative implications for physical and mental health. Community outreach efforts to minimize experiences of isolation may be useful in protecting immigrant physical and mental health.     

Intention to Leave the Job Among Live-In Foreign Home Care Workers in Israel

In Israel, almost all around-the-clock home care services are provided by foreign workers. Despite the fact that these workers are considered temporary, the Israeli government has acknowledged the need for consistency in care and now allows workers to stay in the country for as long as their care recipient is alive. Nonetheless, there have been increasing concerns about the tendency of foreign home care workers to view Israel as a temporary station on their way to more attractive destinations, such as Canada or England. Using the job rewards and concerns model, this article evaluates determinants of foreign home care workers' intentions to leave their job. This study was a cross-sectional analysis of 178 Filipino home care workers in Israel. Only 15 workers (8.4%) reported that they would be likely or very likely to leave their job within the next 3 months. The final model suggested that negative experiences within the home/work environment as well as within Israeli society at large contribute to depression and posttraumatic stress symptoms. However, caring for an older adult with dementia was the only predictor of intention to leave the job. The majority of workers do not report an intention to leave their job. Nonetheless, greater supervision of this caregiving arrangement in an attempt to protect the rights of foreign home care workers within the home/work environment is an important step, which has to be followed up by attitudinal changes within society at large. Specific training in dementia care is also warranted.     

某市摩托车厂职业健康检查结果分析

目的为了解某市摩托车厂工人身体健康状况,对其职业性有害因素进行控制,并及时采取预防措施。方法组织该厂全体操作工人进行职业健康检查,并对检查结果进行分析。结果 426名工人中,242人检查结果异常,异常检出率为56.81%,男性高于女性(P0.05),各项目异常检出率由高至低为尿常规(19.06%)、血常规(7.61%)、五官科(16.35%)、B超(13.85%)、心电图(11.53%)、血压(9.61%)、发锰(9.62%)、听力(2.12%)、肝功能(2.11%)、内科(1.90%)、X胸片(0.37%)。结论该厂操作工人健康状况值得关注,工作环境有待进一步改善。     

Systematic Review of Respiratory Health Among Dairy Workers

ABSTRACT

The dairy industry is changing on a global scale with larger, more efficient operations. The impact of this change on worker health and safety, specifically, associations between occupational lung disease and inhalation exposures, has yet to be reported in a comprehensive review of the scientific literature. Therefore, a three-tier process was used to identify information using a keyword search of online databases of scientific literature. Of the 147 citations reviewed, 52 met initial screening criteria, and 30 were included in this review. Dairy workers experience lung conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, chronic bronchitis, and cancer. Recent pulmonary function studies have identified obstructive lung changes among dairy farm workers. The increased scale of dairy production with significant changes in technology and work practices has altered inhalation exposure patterns among dairy workers. The inhalation exposure in the dairy work environment may elicit differing inflammatory responses in relation to timing of initial exposure as well as to repeated exposures. Few studies have measured inhalation exposure while simultaneously assessing the impact of the exposure on lung function of dairy farm workers. Even fewer studies have been implemented to assess the impact of aerosol control technology to reduce inhalation exposure. Future research should evaluate worker exposure to aerosols through a task-based approach while utilizing novel methods to assess inhalation exposure and associated inflammatory responses. Finally, potential solutions should be developed and tested to reduce inhalation exposure to inflammatory agents and respiratory diseases in the dairy farm work environment.     

上海市徐汇区伏案工作人群颈椎健康状况调查

目的 了解上海市徐汇区伏案工作人群颈椎健康现状.方法 采用随机整群抽样的方法,在徐汇区随机抽取2个街道(镇),对该辖区的三家健康促进示范基地(企业、学校、机关)内所有符合标准的人员进行调查.研究对象为伏案工作人群,进入单位满一年以上的正式员工.采用Epi Data 3.1录入数据并建立数据库,应用SPSS 22.0统计软件完成统计分析.结果 780名伏案工作人群中,颈椎病患病率为13.8%,高于一般人群.主要表现为颈型颈椎病,三个最常见症状为颈部酸痛、肩部酸痛和头晕.颈部酸痛和肩部酸痛与性别(P<0.01)、年龄(P<0.01)、文化程度(P<0.01)、职业(P<0.05)等因素都有关,头晕症状则只与性别(P<0.05)、年龄(P<0.01)相关.结论 伏案工作人群为颈椎病的高危人群,且越来越趋向年轻化.应尽早开展相应的干预措施,有助于此人群的颈椎病预防.