介入治疗在原发性肝癌中的应用（附268例报告）

目的：探讨肝动脉插管化疗联合碘油行介入治疗对原发性肝癌的治疗效果。方法：对127例原发性肝癌患者进行经肝动脉插管灌注化疗联合碘油栓基。结果：239例患者经2～5次的介入治疗后有明显好转,其中52例经4次介入治疗后临床症状消失,肿块消失,AFP〈20μg／L;234例临床症状明显改善,肿块缩小50％以上者为128例,AFP下降至20～400μg／L之间。结论：经肝动脉插管化疗联合碘油对原发性肝癌有明显的治疗效果。     

Embosphere微球联合碘油化疗栓塞治疗巨块型肝癌的临床疗效分析

目的:研究Embosphere微球联合碘油化疗栓塞治疗巨块型肝癌的临床疗效。方法:30例巨块型肝癌患者,股动脉穿刺插管,行肝动脉造影,明确肿瘤的供血动脉后超选择插管,以Embosphere微球联合碘油化疗进行栓塞治疗。随访一年。结果:15例患者行1次治疗,8例患者行2次治疗,3例患者行3次治疗,4例患者行3次以上治疗。24例患者病情稳定,2例AFP在100μg/L左右波动,2例患者于发现病变后9个月、12个月死亡,2例患者病变进展。结论:Embosphere微球联合碘油化疗栓塞治疗巨块型肝癌疗效确切,患者肝硬化等基础疾病及病灶的大小是影响疗效的主要因素,治疗后的获益是肯定的。     

双径路灌注栓塞治疗中晚期肝癌的探讨

目的试图经双径路介入治疗原发性肝癌争取手术的切除而治愈.方法本组12例肝癌经肝动脉插管,将5FRH导管端置于肝癌供血动脉内注入化疗药,TOCE加GF(碘化油乳剂加明胶海绵微粒栓塞)间隔一个月,复查一次治疗,术后3w行点片或CT复查,观察碘油聚集.2～3个疗程后在CT导引下经皮穿刺病灶中心直接微慢注入上述化疗药,TOCE加适量无水酒精,本组仅4例经双径路介入治疗,其中2例患者成功手术切除.结果①本组12例HCC均成功行超选择肝动脉插管化疗,TOCE加GF术,2年生存率2例先于行双径路介入治疗者,1年5例,6个月4例(放弃治疗者),3个月1例见于弥漫型肝癌.②经肝动脉介入治疗2～4个月内复查CT的10例患者,肿块缩小50%左右者5例,缩小20%者4例,无明显缩小者1例.③本组4例经双径路治疗,CT复查见肿块缩小病灶内完全被浓密碘油充填,2例经手术切除,各项检查恢复正常.结论双径路治疗HCC,优于单一方法,可达到治愈之.     

经肝动脉加热碘油栓塞治疗原发性肝癌的临床分析

目的 分析加热碘油经肝动脉灌注栓塞治疗原发性肝癌的临床疗效.方法 156例原发性肝癌患者依据栓塞术中所使用碘油是否加热分为常温组(80例)和加热组(76例);均行3次以上经肝动脉灌注碘油栓塞术.碘油用量5～20ml.结果 两组患者均随访2年以上,常温组生存时间≥6个月63例(78.75%),生存时间≥12个月54例(67.50%),生存时间≥18个月38例(47.50%),生存时间≥24个月26例(32 50%);加热组分别为69例(90.79%)、63例(82.89%)、51例(67.11%)、36例(47.37%),两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P相似文献   

原发性肝癌姑息性切除术后插管化疗的临床分析

本文就 1992年 5月至 1997年 5月间收住的肝癌姑息性切除术后经肝动脉、门静脉插管化疗与未插管化疗病例 ,按 TNM分期进行配对比较分析 ,现报告如下 :1　对象与方法1.1　病例　 1992 .5～ 1997.5间收住的行肝癌姑息性肝切除术后经肝动脉、门静脉插管化疗的 76例为分析组。按肝癌TNM国际分期法 ,将同期内肝癌姑息性切除术后未插管化疗的 76例为对照组 ,进行配对分析。1.2　方法　进行肝动脉插管或门静脉插管。术中及术后灌注抗癌药物。药物选用阿霉素、丝裂霉素、顺铂、长春新碱等单剂或联合使用。1.3　诊断标准　甲胎蛋白 (AFP) >5 0μg…     

碘油栓塞治疗中晚期肝癌的价值及临床疗效

目的评价肝动脉化疗加栓塞相结合治疗原发性及转移性肝癌的临床价值。方法本组48例中、晚期肝癌均采用Selainget技术,进行肝动脉化疗加栓塞治疗。结果临床症状明显好转,生存期延长。定期检查发现肿瘤体内碘油沉积均匀,大部分肿瘤体积明显缩小。结论肝动脉化疗加栓塞治疗中、晚期肝癌比单纯肝动脉化疗效果明显,是提高中、晚期肝癌患者存活率的有效方法。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合蒽环类化疗药介入治疗原发性肝癌84例疗效观察

原发性肝癌在我国是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,其死亡率居所有肿瘤的第二位[1],该病发病隐匿,大多数患者发现时已是中晚期.肝动脉化疗栓塞是治疗原发性肝癌的主要手段,但该方法易损害正常肝组织和肝功能,疗效并未达到临床预期[2],而关于肝动脉化疗栓塞联合蒽环类化疗药物的研究甚少.本院通过对42例原发性肝癌患者给予肝动脉化疗栓塞联合蒽环类化疗药物介入治疗,取得了良好疗效,现报告如下. 1 资料与方法 1.1一般资料 回顾性分析2010年6月-2012年6月在本院接受治疗的84例原发性肝癌患者,男51例,女33例,年龄(59.7±12.8)岁.     

亚砷酸碘油乳剂在原发性肝癌肝动脉化疗栓塞中的疗效观察

目的 观察亚砷酸碘油乳剂在原发性肝癌介入治疗中的疗效.方法 对56例患者采用Seldinger技术,应用亚砷酸10 mg与碘油4～15 ml充分乳化后,经导管行肿瘤供血动脉栓塞.介入治疗周期为4～6周.结果 其中完全缓解(CR)0例,部分缓解(PR)33例,无变化(SD)15例,进展(PD)8例,总有效(CR+PR)率58.9%,获益(CR+PR+SD)率85.7%.42例血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)阳性患者,AFP下降率为71.4%(30/42).主要毒副反应有发热、恶心、呕吐、肝区疼痛、一过性肝功能损害等,发生顽固性呃逆1例.结论 亚砷酸碘油乳剂治疗原发性肝癌疗效确切,毒副作用小,值得临床推广应用.     

46例转移性肺癌介入治疗疗效观察

目的:探讨支气管动脉灌注化疗栓塞(BACE)与双灌注治疗转移性肺癌的临床疗效。方法:采用改良式Seldinger技术,行股动脉或股静脉穿刺,选择性支气管动脉或肺动脉插管,对38例转移性肺癌行支气管动脉灌注化疗,部分患者加用明胶海绵或碘油栓塞,8例行支气管动脉和肺动脉双灌注。结果:肿瘤消失、症状完全缓解7例,肿瘤缩小以及胸痛、咳嗽等症状改善26例(其中肺不张复张2例),肿瘤无改变6例,肿瘤增大或数目增多、症状加重7例,介入治疗后1年、2年生存率分为56.5%(26/46)和19.5%(9/46)。结论:支气管动脉灌注化疗栓塞与双灌注是治疗转移性肺癌的有效方法之一。可以确切延长中位生存期,提高患者生存质量。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗原发性肝癌的疗效及预后多因素分析

目的 研究肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗原发性肝癌的效果以及预后因素.方法 对146例采用肝动脉化疗栓塞治疗的原发性肝癌患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,log-rank方法单因素分析影响预后的因素,多因素分析采用(Cox比例风险模型确定独立的危险因素.结果 本组患者肝动脉化疗栓塞术后的1、3、5年累积生存率分别为69.18%、37.67%和21.92%;TNM分期、癌灶个数、肿瘤有无假包膜、肿瘤大小、门静脉癌栓情况、血清AFP状态、Child-Pugh分级、肿瘤碘油沉积情况及术后4 d白蛋白下降值与肝动脉化疗栓塞术后生存时间显著相关(P均<0.05);Cox单因素回归分析显示,患者Child-Pugh分级、术后碘油沉积情况、门静脉癌栓是影响肝癌肝动脉化疗栓塞术后预后的独立因素.结论 患者Child-Pugh分级、术后碘油沉积情况、门静脉癌栓是影响肝癌肝动脉化疗栓塞术后预后的独立因素.     

Self-reported health problems among Swedish miners one year after unemployment

Unemployment is considered to be a public health concern sincedeterioration in the health of the unemployed is often anticipated.However, for some groups, such as miners, unemployment mightimprove health due to a cessation of potentially harmful occupationalexposures. This study evaluates the health of 79 miners in oneSwedish iron-ore mine, and 226 age-matched controls from thegeneral population, during one year after the closure of themine. The participants received a questionnaire regarding medicalhistory and subjective symptoms at the beginning of the studyperiod, and after one year. Statistically significant negativeeffects on self-reported health attributable to unemploymentwere not found, although neuropsychiatric symptoms were morecommon among the unemployed miners. The miners reported a statisticallysignificant improvement in grip force (p=0.031). They had asignificantly higher prevalence of symptoms associated withmining related exposures when compared with the population controls;pain in the upper extremities [relative risk (RR)=2.27, 95%confidence interval (Cl)=1.44–3.59), back pain (RR=1.84;Cl=1.237–2.75), vasospastic disease of the fingers (RR=2.05;Cl=1.18–3.57) and obstructive respiratory symptoms (attacksof dyspnea and wheezing: RR=3.67; Cl=1.167–11.6).     

Excès de cas humains et animaux de tularémie en France au cours de l’hiver 2007–2008 : émergence ou phénomène isolé ?

Context

Tularemia is a zoonosis affecting humans and hares in France. We describe the results of surveillance in both species, in 2007 and 2008.

Methods

Human tularemia cases are mandatorily notifiable in France since 2003. In hares, surveillance relies on volunteer hunter associations in all districts of the country. Data from mandatory reports and volunteer surveillance in 2007/2008 were analyzed and compared with previous results.

Results

In 2007/2008, 144 cases were reported in humans and 117 cases in hares. This was a 100% increase compared to previous years. Human cases differed from those of previous years only by the frequency of contact with breeding animals. Human cases without any documented risk exposure were also more frequent.

Conclusion

An increase of tularemia cases occurred in 2007/2008 in both species. Complementary studies are needed to identify the species reservoir in France to understand the causes of this peak of cases.     

Occupational health hazards in mining: an overview

This review article outlines the physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychosocial occupational health hazards of mining and associated metallurgical processes. Mining remains an important industrial sector in many parts of the world and although substantial progress has been made in the control of occupational health hazards, there remains room for further risk reduction. This applies particularly to traumatic injury hazards, ergonomic hazards and noise. Vigilance is also required to ensure exposures to coal dust and crystalline silica remain effectively controlled.     

Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: current status in the UK and global trends

This paper provides an overview of the production and use of nanomaterials (NMs), particularly in the UK. Currently, relatively few companies in the UK are identifiable as NM manufacturers, the main emphasis being the bulk markets in metals and metal oxides, and some niche markets such as carbon nanotubes and quantum dots. NM manufacturing in the UK does not reflect the global emphasis on fullerenes, nanotubes and fibres. Some assumptions have been made about the types of NM that are likely to be imported into the UK, which currently include fullerenes, modified fullerenes and other carbon-based NMs including nanotubes. Many university departments, spin-offs and private companies have developed processes for the manufacture of NMs but may only be producing small quantities for research and development (R&D) purposes. However, some have the potential to scale up to produce large quantities. The nanotechnology industry in the UK has strong R&D backup from universities and related institutions. This review has covered R&D trends at such institutions, and appropriate information has been added to a searchable database. While several companies are including NMs in their products, only a few (e.g. manufacturers of paints, coatings, cosmetics, catalysts, polymer composites) are using nanoparticles (NPs) in any significant quantities. However, this situation is likely to change rapidly. There is a need to collect more information about exposure to NPs in both manufacturing and user scenarios. As the market grows, and as manufacturers switch from the micro- to the nanoscale, the potential for exposure will increase. More research is required to quantify any risks to workers and consumers.     

Investigating clusters in the workplace and beyond

Clusters of disease are common and occur in the workplace and in the general community. They often arouse considerable concern among the population. Investigations have sometimes lead to exciting new knowledge, but in general the investigation of clusters is difficult and often unrewarding, especially for community clusters. In the workplace, investigations are more likely to find associations and even new causes, but still many clusters remain enigmatic. Despite this, there are many reasons for investigating clusters, including allaying community concern and identifying uncontrolled exposures. A structure for investigating clusters in the workplace is suggested.     

Assessing occupational and environmental exposure

Exposure assessment is a poorly understood component of the science of epidemiology. The relationship between exposure to chemicals and ill-health outcomes is often calculated using crude exposure measures such as ever/never exposed or duration. When investigating subtle effects, exposures need to be characterized much more fully in terms of intensity, frequency, duration and route. While occupational exposures tend to be much greater than those experienced from the wider environment there is a need to remember that, for many chemicals, exposure can occur occupationally, environmentally and through consumer use of products containing the material of interest. Inhalation exposure has generally been the traditional focus for most epidemiological investigations but there is now growing awareness of the importance of the dermal and ingested routes of contact and internalization. Quantification of the exposure also needs to be related to a biological mechanism of action and exposure metrics need to be selected accordingly. Occupational exposures can generally be measured using simple well-validated techniques. Environmental exposures require much more sensitive instruments and are more difficult to assess. Exposure modelling, particularly for the environmental fate of chemicals has undergone many recent developments and Monte Carlo techniques can be used to characterize model uncertainty and variability. This approach to exposure assessment can now be used in the setting of the wider environment and will enable a far better understanding of the relationship between exposure and disease.     

Mercury toxicity due to the smelting of placer gold recovered by mercury amalgam

A 19-year-old man developed tremor in both hands and fatigue after starting work at a placer gold mine where he was exposed to mercury-gold amalgam. Examination revealed an intention tremor, dysdiadochokinesis and mild rigidity. The 24-h urinary mercury concentration reached a peak of 715 nmol/l (143 ug/l) shortly before the clinical examination, after which he was removed from working in the gold room [Mercury No. Adverse Effect Level: 250 nmol/l (50 ug/l)]. On review 7 weeks later his tremor had almost resolved and the dysdiadochokinesis and rigidity had gone. The 24-h urinary mercury concentration had fallen to 160 nmol/l (32 ug/l). The principal exposure to mercury was considered to be the smelting of retorted gold with previously unrecognized residual mercury in it. The peak air concentration of mercury vapour during gold smelting was 0.533 mg/m3 (Mercury Vapour ACGIH TLV: 0.05 mg/m3 TWA). Several engineering and procedural controls were instituted. This episode occurred at another mine site, unrelated to Mount Isa Mines Limited.     

How Adults with Acquired Brain Damage Perceive Computer Training as a Rehabilitation Tool: A Focus-group Study

The aim of this study was to explore and describe how adult outpatients with acquired brain damage and referred to occupational therapy perceive computer training with the RehaCom programs, in order to evaluate the method of treatment as a tool in the rehabilitation of persons with cognitive disorders. By using focus-group discussions as a qualitative method of research when analysing the result, five themes with corresponding categories emerged, describing a development of understanding and learning about capacities. Themes describing how the participants could apply strategies to overcome shortcomings in daily occupations and the therapeutic role of the occupational therapist were identified as well. The result shows that a computer training program such as RehaCom can be used as an educational tool, for example, to guide a person who is trying to adopt compensatory strategies to avoid overload by taking pauses. It was found that anything the participants learned was also applicable to occupational performance in daily life.