系统化护理对鼻咽癌放疗患者口腔黏膜炎的预防作用及负面情绪、生活质量的影响

目的 分析系统化护理对鼻咽癌放疗患者口腔黏膜炎的预防作用及负面情绪、生活质量的影响.方法 选取2013年2月至2016年2月间在我院接受放疗的鼻咽癌患者78例作为研究对象,按照住院ID号先后顺序依次入组,分为观察组39例和对照组39例.对照组患者接受临床常规护理,观察组患者接受系统化护理干预,比较两组患者干预后的口腔黏膜炎发生情况,并采用简易癌因性疲乏量表评价患者的疲乏状况,焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评价两组患者的负面情绪,生存质量量表(QLQ-C30)评价两组患者的生活质量.结果 放疗后10 d,观察组患者的口腔黏膜炎整体严重程度轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);放疗后10 d,观察组和对照组患者的疲乏评分(6.12±0.73)分vs(9.31±0.55)分]、SAS评分(42.09±5.32)分vs(59.73±7.42)分]和SDS评分(47.23±6.09)分vs(65.84±7.12)分]比较,观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);放疗后10 d,观察组和对照组患者的生活质量中总体健康状况、躯体功能、角色功能、认知功能、情感功能、社会功能等评分值均高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 系统化护理可减少鼻咽癌放疗患者口腔黏膜炎的发生,同时减轻患者负面情绪、提升生活质量,具有积极的临床意义.

Effect of systematic nursing on the prevention of oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma for radiotherapy and its effect on negative emotions and quality of life

Objective To analyze the influence of systematic nursing on the prevention of oral mucositis in pa-tients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma for radiotherapy and its effect on negative emotions and quality of life. Methods A total of 78 patients of nasopharyngeal carcinoma undergoing radiotherapy, who admitted to our hospital from February 2013 to February 2016, were selected and divided into the observation group (n=42) and the control group (n=36) accord-ing to ID number. The control group was treated with routine clinical care, and the observation group was treated with systematic nursing. The incidence of oral mucositis was compared between the two groups, and the fatigue status of the patients was evaluated by the Simple Cancer Fatigue Scale. The Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the negative mood of the two groups, and the quality of life of the two groups was evaluated by the Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ-C30). Results Ten days after radiotherapy, the overall oral mucosal inflammation was significantly less serious than that in the control group (P<0.05);the fatigue score, SAS score, SDS score of the observation group were (6.12 ± 0.73), (42.09 ± 5.32), (47.23 ± 6.09), respectively, which were significantly lower than corresponding (9.31±0.55), (59.73±7.42), (65.84±7.12) in the control group (P<0.05);the overall health score, physical function score, role function score, cognitive function score, emotional func-tion score, social function score of the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Systematic nursing can reduce the incidence of oral mucositis in patients with nasopharyngeal car-cinoma undergoing radiotherapy, optimize the negative emotions, and improve the quality of life, which has a positive clinical significance.