城市孕妇对胎儿性别的偏好与其心理压力的相关性研究

目的 了解城市孕妇及其家庭成员对胎儿性别偏好的现状及其孕期发生焦虑、抑郁情绪的水平,探讨孕妇对胎儿性别的偏好与其焦虑、抑郁情绪发生的相关性.方法 采用自行设计的调查问卷对孕妇进行面对面的访谈,采用焦虑状态-特质问卷(STAI)和流调中心用抑郁自评量表(CES-D)评价孕妇的焦虑、抑郁情绪水平.结果 有36.4％的孕妇对胎儿的性别有偏好,其中有76.5％的孕妇偏好女孩.S-AI平均得分为34.07±8.45,T-AI平均得分为36.57±7.88,CES-D平均得分为14.93±7.24,出现抑郁情绪的比例为34.5％.偏好女孩、偏好男孩和无所谓各组在状态焦虑、特质焦虑、抑郁得分之间没有差别(P＞0.05).结论 某市城市孕妇及其家庭成员对胎儿的性别存在偏好,但他们对胎儿性别的偏好倾向不同.孕妇孕期出现焦虑不明显,但抑郁情绪出现的比例较高,有性别偏好不是城市孕期发生焦虑、抑郁情绪的危险因子.

The Correlation between Fetal Gender Preference and Stress in Pregnant Women in a City

Objective To understand gender preference of the pregnant women and their family members and the extent of anxiety and depression in the pregnant women during pregnancy and to explore the gender preference,stress and the correlates of pregnant women.Method Face-to-face interviews with self-designed questionnaire and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI)and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression(CES-D)were used in the study.Results The pregnant women without gender preference accounted for 63.6%.However,the others(36.4%)with preference,among which 76.5% prefer to girls.The average scores of State Anxiety were 34.07±8.45,those of Trait Anxiety were 36.57±7.88.The rate of depression was 34.5%.The scores of the State Anxiety,Trait Anxiety and depression went the same way among the surveyed women.Conclusions The women and their family members show different gender preference.The anxiety is not obvious.However,the prevalence of depression is high.Gender preference does not contribute to anxiety and depression during pregnancy.