桦褐孔菌对血管性痴呆模型大鼠的保护作用

目的：探讨桦褐孔菌对血管性痴呆（VD）大鼠行为学及组织病理形态的影响，阐明桦褐孔菌对VD大鼠的保护作用。方法：选用Wistar大鼠100只，采用反复夹闭大鼠双侧颈总动脉再灌注联合腹腔注射硝普钠降压法制备VD模型，大鼠分为正常对照组，模型组，阳性药组（吡拉西坦，0.5g·kg^-1），低、中、高剂量（0.5、1.0和2.0g·kg^-1）桦褐孔菌组，连续灌胃给药8周后，观察大鼠行为学和组织病理学变化。结果：Morris水迷宫实验，与模型组比较，中和高剂量桦褐孔菌组大鼠在实验第2~6天，到达平台的潜伏期和游程明显缩短（P<0.05或P<0.01），实验第7天穿越平台次数、穿越有效区次数、有效区停留时间、有效区停留距离、有效区停留时间/总时间和有效区停留距离/总路程均明显增加（P<0.05），高剂量桦褐孔菌组大鼠平台停留时间和平台停留时间/总时间明显增加（P<0.05）。组织病理形态观察，与模型组比较，高剂量桦褐孔菌组大鼠脑组织皮质区和海马区的病理性损伤明显减轻。结论：桦褐孔菌对VD大鼠具有保护作用，能改善VD大鼠的学习记忆能力，减轻VD大鼠脑组织的病理损伤。

Protective effect of Inonotus obliquus on vascular dementia model rats

Objective: To explore the effects of Inonotus obliquus (IO)on the behavior and histopathology of vascular dementia(VD) rats,and to clarify the protective effect of IO on the VD rats.Methods: Total 100 Wistar rats were selected.Bilateral carotid artery repeating occlusion and intraperitoneal injection of sodium nitroprusside were used to establish the VD rat models. The rats were divided in control group,model group, positive group (piracetam,0.5g·kg^-1) and low, medium, and high doses of IO groups (0.5,1.0,and 2.0g·kg^-1). After 8 weeks of intragastric administration,the rats were tested by Morris water maze test,then they were sacrificed,and the histopathological changes were investigated.Results: In Morris water maze test,compared with model group,the latency and swimming distance of the rats in medium and high doses of IO groups on the second to the 6th days were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01);on the 7th day,the times of crossing platform,the times of crossing effective area,the time of staying in effective area,the distance of staying in effective area,the time of staying in effective area/total time,distance of staying in effective area/total distance of the rats were significantly increased (P<0.05).Compared with model group,the time of staying on platform and the time of staying on platform/total time of the rats in high dose of IO group were significantly increased (P<0.05).The histopathological results showed that compared with model group,the cerebral cortex and hippocampus injury of the rats in high dose of IO group were significantly reduced.Conclusion: IO has a protective effect on the VD rats. It can improve the study and memory abilities of VD rats and reduce the pathological injury of brain tissue of VD rats.