感觉统合训练在高危早产儿早期干预中的疗效分析研究

目的　探讨感觉统合训练在高危早产儿早期干预中的应用价值，为临床早期干预提供一定依据。方法　选取2015年1月—2016年5月因脑损伤等高危因素在四川大学华西第二医院康复医学科进行干预的102例高危早产儿为研究对象。采用随机数字表法，将患儿分为对照组（50例）和观察组（52例）。两组患儿均接受神经发育疗法（NDT）训练，观察组在上述治疗方案基础上增加居家感觉统合训练内容，包括视觉训练、听力刺激、触觉训练、前庭功能训练、运动觉刺激等，总干预时间为12个月。分别在干预后3、6、12个月时，采用婴幼儿感觉功能评估量表（TSFI）评估患儿感觉发育水平，采用贝利婴幼儿发展量表（BSID）测定患儿认知发育指数（MDI）和精神运动发育指数（PDI）。结果　康复方法与时间对患儿感觉发育水平存在交互作用（P<0.001）；康复方法与时间对患儿感觉发育水平主效应均显著（P=0.049、P<0.001）；其中观察组在3、6、12个月时TSFI评分均高于对照组（P<0.05）。康复方法与时间对患儿MDI存在交互作用（P=0.030），康复方法与时间对患儿MDI主效应均显著（P=0.049、P<0.001）。康复方法与时间对患儿PDI无交互作用（P=0.151），康复方法与时间对患儿PDI主效应均显著（P=0.008、P<0.001）。结论　感觉统合训练能提高高危早产儿感觉能力及运动和认知功能。

Effects of Sensory Integration Training on Early Intervention for Critically Ill Preterm Infants

Objective　To study the effects of sensory integration training on early intervention for high-risk preterm infants.Methods　For intervention，we selected 102 preterm infants who were critically ill as a result of brain damage and other high risk factors and were treated in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of the West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University between January 2015 and May 2016.The observation group and control group were subjected to neurodevelopment therapy training，and the observation group received additional home-based sensory integration training，including visual training，auditory stimulation，tactile training，vestibular function training，kinesthetic stimulus，and other training，for a total intervention time of 12 months.In the 3rd，6th and 12th months after the intervention，we used the Test of Sensory Functions in Infants （TSFI） to evaluate the sensory development level and used the Bayley Scales of Infant Development to evaluate the Mental Development Index （MDI） and Psychomotor Development Index （PDI）．Results　Rehabilitation therapy and time both had an interaction effect on the level of sensory development （P<0.001），and the main effects were both significant （P=0.049，P<0.001）．The TSFI scores of the observation group at the 3rd，6th and 12th months were all higher than those of the control group （P<0.05）．Rehabilitation therapy and time both had an interaction effect on the MDI （P=0.030），and the main effects were both significant （P=0.049，P<0.001，respectively）．Neither rehabilitation therapy nor time had an interaction effect on the PDI（P=0.151），and the main effects were both significant （P=0.008，P<0.001，respectively）．Conclusion　Sensory integration therapy can improve sensory，motor，and cognitive functions in critically ill preterm infants.