4种手术治疗腺样体肥大的效果研究

目的：对传统的腺样体刮除术、鼻内镜下腺样体切吸术、腺样体刮除＋鼻内镜下残余腺样体咬切术、鼻内镜下腺样体等离子融切术4种手术方法治疗腺样体肥大进行效果观察及对比研究。方法选取重庆市万州区第五人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科2012年4月至2015年4月收治的148例腺样体肥大患者为研究对象，根据入院时间顺序分为4组，每组37例。A组采用传统的腺样体刮除术；B组采用鼻内镜下腺样体切吸术；C组予以腺样体刮除＋鼻内镜下残余腺样体咬切术联合治疗；D组采用鼻内镜下腺样体等离子融切术治疗。观察各组的治疗效果、手术时间、出血量；术后随访半年，比较各组患者腺样体残留率及并发症发生情况。结果其中B、C、D组总有效率显著高于A组患者（χ2＝7．731、5．045、7．731，P＜0．05），但3组间有效率差异无统计学意义（ P＞0．05）。B、C、D组手术时间显著高于 A组患者（ t＝5．819、5．829、2．759，P＜0．05）；B、C组比D组手术时间长（ t＝3．555、3．637，P＜0．05），差异具有统计学意义；但B、C组间手术时间差异无统计学意义（ t＝0．149，P＞0．05）。B、C组出血量相较于A组明显较高（t＝9．305、4．126，P＜0．05）；D组显著低于A、B、C组（t＝8．054、16．559、12．837，P＜0．05）；而B组显著高于C组出血量（ t＝5．739，P＜0．05）。A组残留率明显高于其他3组（χ2＝31．308、31．308、24．667，P＜0．05），B、C、D组残留率均较低，差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。4组间并发症发生率差异并无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。结论4种手术方式治疗腺样体肥大各有利弊，应根据患者自身状况和经济情况选择合适的手术治疗方式。

Four types of surgery for the treatment of adenoid hypertrophy

Objective To explore the effection of four types of surgery for the treatment of adenoid hypertrophy . Methods 148 cases of with adenoid hypertrophy treated in our hospital between April 2012 and April 2015 were chose;they were randomly divided into 4 groups ,each group of 37 people .A group of patients with adenoid hypertrophy were taken traditional ade‐noidectomy curettage;Group B with nasal endoscopic adenoidectomy and cutting aspiration biopsy ;Group C by adenoidectomy shave their + residual endoscopic adenoidectomy bit cut method combined treatment ;Group D with nasal endoscopic adenoidectomy plas‐ma cutting treatment .The curative effect ,operation time ,blood loss were observed ;patients were followed‐up for half a year ,ade‐noidectomy residual rate and complications of each group were compared .Results The total effective rate of B ,C ,D three groups were significantly higher in group A patients (χ2 =7 .731 ,5 .045 ,7 .731 ,P<0 .05) ,the efficient between three groups was not sta‐tistically different (P>0 .05) .B ,C ,D three groups of operation time is significantly higher than A group of patients (t=5 .819 , 5 .829 ,2 .759 ,P<0 .05);B and C group had long operation time than group D (t=3 .555 ,3 .637 ,P<0 .05);But operation time of B and C had no significant difference between the two groups (t=0 .149 ,P>0 .149) .Bleeding of B and C group were significantly higher than group A (t=9 .305 ,4 .126 ,P<0 .05);Group D was significantly lower than A ,B ,C three group (t=8 .054 ,16 .559 , 12 .837 ,P<0 .05);Group C and group B was significantly higher than the bleeding (t=5 .739 ,P<0 .05) .Retention rate of group A is significantly higher than the other three groups (χ2 =31 .308 ,31 .308 ,24 .667 ,P<0 .05) ,the residual rate of B ,C ,B group were lower ,there was no statistically significant difference(P> 0 .05) .Complication rates between the four groups was no statistical difference(P>0 .05) .Conclusion we should choose the right means of surgical treatment according to patients condition and eco‐nomic situation to .