脂滴及脂滴包被蛋白在心血管疾病中的研究进展

脂滴(LD)是一种参与细胞内脂质代谢的多功能细胞器,主要由中性脂芯和磷脂单层膜构成,表面镶嵌脂滴相关蛋白以调节脂质的储存、运输和代谢。脂滴调节失衡可造成脂质代谢异常、血脂改变和免疫紊乱。近年来研究表明脂滴表面相关蛋白可以通过调节心肌和血管细胞,影响心脏脂质代谢和动脉粥样硬化生理病理过程。本文综述了脂滴在心脏和血管领域的研究成果,阐释了脂滴对心肌细胞、泡沫细胞形成和动脉粥样硬化的发生发展的影响,并总结脂滴与心血管疾病的关系,为以脂滴为靶标治疗心血管疾病提供思路。

Lipid Droplets and Perilipins in Cardiovascular Diseases

Lipid droplet (LD) are multifunctional organelles which take part into intracellular lipid metabolism,mainly consisting of a neutral lipid core,a single-layer phospholipid shell,and LD-related protein (LRP).LRP on the shell can regulate the storage,transport,and metabolism of lipid.The imbalance of LD regulation could cause the abnormality of lipid metabolism,leading to the blood lipid changes and immune disorders.The available studies have demonstrated that LRP are capable of influencing the lipid metabolism in heart and atherosclerosis (AS) by regulating the physical processes in myocardial and vascular cells.This article reviewed the recent studies about LD in heart and vessels,and illustrated the effects of LD on myocardial cells,the formation of foam cells,and the development of atherosclerosis.Furthermore,we summarized the relationship between LD and cardiovascular diseases,providing new insights for the treatment of such diseases based on LD.