中国汉族青年低脂高糖膳食6天后的血清高密度脂蛋白、胆固醇水平

目的探讨低脂高糖膳食对中国汉族青年血脂及载脂蛋白的影响。方法我室招募健康在校大学生自愿者56名(22.89±1.80)岁],于7d平衡膳食后给予低脂高糖膳食6d,分别在第1d、8d、14d清晨收集受试者人类学指标并抽取空腹静脉血,测定血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血糖(GLU)、胰岛素(Insulin)、载脂蛋白A-Ⅰ(ApoA-Ⅰ)、载脂蛋白B-100(ApoB-100)浓度。结果经过6d低脂高糖膳食以后,健康男性青年血清HDL-C升高,而体质量(Weight)、体重指数(BMI)、TC及LDL-C降低;健康女性青年血清TG、胰岛素升高而TC及LDL-C降低。根据BMI分别将男女受试者分为高、中、低BMI3组分析发现,尽管某些变化不具有显著性,高、中、低BMI3组都出现TC及LDL-C降低;男性低BMI和高BMI组出现血清HDT-C及ApoA-Ⅰ显著升高,其它各组膳食前后变化差异无统计学意义。血清TG升高只在女性低BMI和中BMI组中出现。结论不同性别、BMI的健康青年低脂高糖膳食后的血脂及载脂蛋白改变不相同,但均没有发现HDL-C显著降低。

No Decrease of HDL Cholesterol after 6 Days of Low Fat and High Carbohydrate Diets in a Young Chinese Han Pop-ulation

More studies are needed on the hypertriacylglycerolemic effects of low fat and high carbohydrate (LF-HC) diet in young population, especially Chinese who generally have a diet containing lower fat and higher carbohydrate. To test them in a young Chinese Han population, 56 healthy subjects (22.89 +/- 1.80) years were given regular diet of 31% fat and 54% carbohydrate for 7 days, followed by LF-HC diet of 15% fat and 70% carbohydrate for 6 days, without total energy restriction. After the LF-HC diet, the male experienced an increase of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and decreases of weight, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), and LDL (low density lipoprotein) cholesterol (P < 0.05). The female experienced increased serum triacylglycerol and insulin, and decreased TC and LDL cholesterol (P < 0.05). When BMI was taken into account, all the subjects with low, medium, or high BMI experienced decreases of TC and LDL cholesterol although some changes were not significant. No significant decrease of HDL cholesterol was found, while significantly increased HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) were found in the male subjects with low or high BMI (P < 0.05). Significant increase of triacylglycerol was observed only in the female subjects with low or medium BMI. In conclusion, subjects with different BMI and gender have different triacylglycerol and HDL cholesterol responses to LF-HC diets, and significant increase of HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A- I were observed in some young male subjects.