原发性先天性青光眼眼前段活体结构观察

目的:观察先天性青光眼的超声生物显微镜(UBM)图像特征并探讨先天性青光眼的发病机制。方法:采用高频、高分辨率的超声生物显微镜对6例先天性青光眼患者10只眼的房角、虹膜、睫状体等进行扫描和分析,并与7例正常人或无相关疾病患者的7只眼进行比较。结果:超声生物显微镜检查显示出原发性先天性青光眼的房角、虹膜、睫状体及巩膜突发育不良,虹膜基质薄,睫状体细小,巩膜突解剖特征不明显。原发性先天性青光眼组的虹膜厚度及睫状体大小的测量和统计学比较均明显小于正常对照组。结论:超声生物显微镜可以观察到常规眼科检查观察不到的部位,如睫状体、房角隐窝、虹膜后表面等等。原发性先天性青光眼具有虹膜基质薄、睫状体细小、巩膜突解剖特征不明显等特征,提示原发性先天性青光眼除了房角发育异常外,尚合并存在虹膜、睫状体巩膜突发育不良。其中虹膜、睫状体发育不良可能是先天性青光眼相对比较重要的发病机制。眼科学报1998;14:83—86。

The Real-time Observation of Anterior Segment of Primary Congenital Glaucoma

Purpose: To study the characteristics of primary congenital glaucoma in ultrasound biomicroscopy and discuss the pathogenic mechanism of primary congenital glaucoma. Methods: Ten eyes of 6 congenital glaucoma patients and 7 eyes of 7 normal persons were examined using ultrasound biomicroscope (UBM). Results :UBM can show the dysplasia of anterior angle, iris, ciliary body and scleral spur of primary congenital glaucoma. The base of iris is thin, the ciliary body is small, and the anatomic characteristic is not clear. The thickness of iris and size of ciliary body of primary congenital glaucoma are significantly smaller than those of normal control group. Conclusion : The results suggest UBM can inspect some part of eye where the normal examinations can not reach, eg, ciliary body, the posterior surface of iris, etc. The characteristics of congenital glaucoma in UBM include thin iris, small ciliary body and unclear scleral spur. That suggests congenital glaucoma not only has dysplasia of anterior angle, but also has dysplasia of iris, ciliary body and scleral spur. The dysplasia of iris and clilary body may play a relative important role in the pathogenic mechanism of congenital glaucoma. Eye Science 1998; 14 :83 - 86.