四川省乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查

目的 了解乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗纳入儿童计划免疫后四川省乙肝病毒(HBV)感染情况.方法 利用血清流行病学分析方法.按多阶段随机抽样方法,对四川省8个调查县(区)共14个调查点调查并采集静脉血标本2～4 ml,共3806人份,用ELISA酶标法对标本进行HBsAg、抗-HBs、抗-HBc检测.结果 14个调查点人群HBsAg标化阳性率为7.05%;抗-HBs标化流行率为29.77%,HBV流行率为40.30%.15岁以下人群乙肝疫苗接种率为70.73%,HBsAg阳性率为2.62%,抗-HBs 56.68%;5岁以下儿童乙肝疫苗接种率为83.44%,HBsAg阳性率为1.47%,抗-HBs阳性率为67.69%.3岁以下儿童乙肝疫苗接种率为85.77%,HBsAg、抗-HBs阳性率分别为1.78%、75.44%.结论 四川省开展乙肝疫苗接种以来,人群乙肝流行病学特征发生改变,HBsAg阳性率、HBV流行率均有不同程度下降,15岁以下儿童下降更为明显.

A seroepidemiologic analysis of hepatitis B in Sichuan province

Objective To understand the changes of hepatitis B infection rates,before and after the hepatitis B vaccine Was included into EPI.and to evaluate the effect of immunization which would lead to the development of a more appropriate hepatitis B control strategy.Methods Seroepidemiologic method,with multi-section random sampling method were chosen.14 sites from 8 counties were involved.2-4 ml of the vein blood was drawn from all the individuals engaged in the study including 3806 samples.HBsAg,anti-HBs.anti-Hbe of the samples were tested with ELISA.Results Standardized positive rates of HBsAg and HBsAb were found as 7.05%and 29.77%respectively with the overall infection rate of HBV as 40.30%.The hepatitis B vaccine coverage of the children under 15 years was 70.73%and the positive rates for both HBsAg and anti-HBS were 2.62%and 56.68%.respectively.The coverage of hepatitis B vaccine among children under 3 years was 83.44%and the positive rates of both HBsAg and anti-HBs were 1.47%and 67.69%respectively.hepatitis B vaccine coverage of children under 3 years was 85.77%.with positive rates of HBsAg and anti-HBs as 1.78%and 75.44%respectively.Conclusion Results from our study revealed that since the introduction of hepatitis B vaccination,the prevalence rates of HBsAg and HBV infeetion had an obvious decline,especially in children aged under 15 years of old,suggesting that some changes had occurred in the epidemic characteristics ofhepatitis B in Sichuan.