山东省产前筛查机构服务效率及空间异质性分析

目的 对山东省产前筛查机构进行服务效率评价及空间异质性分析，为提升全省产前筛查服务效率提供理论依据。方法 对开展产前筛查服务的222家机构，按区县进行属地化管理，运用DEA模型评价产前筛查机构的服务效率，利用Moran I和局部Getis - Ord G系数分析法探讨其空间分布特征。结果 山东省产前筛查机构的综合效率、技术效率和规模效率平均值分别为0.24、0.31、0.82；综合效率、技术效率均呈现显著空间正相关（Moran I TE = 0.119，P = 0.017；Moran I PTE = 0.182，P＜0.001），规模效率则为随机分布（Moran I SE = - 0.057，P = 0.395）。局部热点分析结果显示黄岛区及沂水县等是综合效率和技术效率“热点”的分布主要区域；海阳市和栖霞市等是“冷点”分布主要区域。结论 山东省产前筛查机构的服务效率水平较低，空间特征明显，建议因地制宜精准施策，发挥“热点”区域带动作用，促进区域协同发展。

Service efficiency and spatial heterogeneity of prenatal screening institutions in Shandong Province

Objective To evaluate the service efficiency and analyze the spatial heterogeneity of prenatal screening institutions in Shandong Province, and to provide a theoretical basis for improving the efficiency of prenatal screening services in the province. Methods The service efficiency of prenatal screening institutions was evaluated using the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model for 222 institutions providing prenatal screening services, which were managed territorially by district and county, and their spatial distribution characteristics were explored using Moran’s I and local Getis-Ord G coefficient analysis. Results The mean values of comprehensive efficiency, technical efficiency and scale efficiency of prenatal screening institutions in Shandong Province were 0.24, 0.31, and 0.82, respectively. Comprehensive efficiency and technical efficiency showed significant positive spatial correlation (Moran’s I TE=0.119, P=0.017; Moran’s I PTE= 0.182, P<0.001), while scale efficiency was randomly distributed (Moran’s I SE =-0.057, P=0.395). The results of local hotspot analysis showed that Huangdao District and Yishui County were the main “hot spot” distribution areas for overall and technical efficiency, and Haiyang city and Qixia city the main “cold spot” areas. Conclusion The service efficiency level of prenatal screening institutions in Shandong Province is low, with obvious spatial characteristics. It is recommended that precise measures be taken according to local conditions, so that the “hot spot” areas can play a leading role and promote regional synergistic development.