4859例狂犬病暴露人群监测结果分析

目的了解狂犬病暴露人群的情况,为预防和控制狂犬病的发生和流行提供科学依据。方法对2007～2011年受动物致伤就诊的可疑狂犬病暴露者,采用《狂犬病暴露人群门诊登记表》登记资料进行汇总统计分析。结果 4 859例狂犬病暴露者中,男性3 034例(占62.44%),女性1 825例(占37.56%)。4～10月份受伤者3 753例,占总暴露人群的77.24%;0～14岁2578例,占总暴露人群的53.06%。伤人动物主要为犬类,4 411例,占90.78%。伤口部位主要为下肢2 922例,占60.14%。III级暴露人群最多3 950例,占81.29%。所有暴露者经正确处理伤口,全程规范接种狂犬病疫苗,未出现狂犬病患者。结论 4～10月份是狂犬病暴露者多发季节,暴露人群以0～14岁儿童为主;伤人动物主要为犬类;暴露主要为下肢、III级暴露。暴露后及时正确处置,能够有效防止狂犬病的发生。

Analysis of Surveillance data of 4 859 cases exposed to rabies

Objective To understand the situation of population exposed to rabies,and provide scientific evidence for preventing and controlling the occurrence and prevalence of the rabies.Method We counted the data of suspected persons exposed to rabies who were hurt by animals from 2007-2011,summarized and analyzed the registration data in ＂ outpatient service registration form of the population exposed to rabies＂.Result Of the 4 859 persons exposed to rabies,3 034 were males（62.44%）,and 1 825 were females（37.56%）.The ratio of male to female was 1.66： 1.The high-occurrence season of rabies exposure was between April and October.There were 3 753 cases（77.24%） during the period.The peak onset age was between 0 and 14 years old,with 2 578 cases（53.06%.Dog was the main attacking animal.There were 4 411 cases with a ratio of 90.78% who were hurt by dogs.The most frequently injured site was the calf,accounting for 60.14%（2 922）.Most of the people had Grade III exposure,which were 3 950 cases（81.29%）.All the exposed persons were accurately treated and injected with the hydrophobia bacterin.Up to now no one was ill.Conclusion The high-occurrence seasons of rabies exposure was from April to October in Susong county.The peak onset age groups were between 0 and 14.Dogs were the main attacking animal.Wound parts were mainly in the lower limbs,and most people belonged to Grade III exposure.Correct disposal in time after exposure could effectively prevent the occurrence of rabies.