河北省2001年麻疹流行病学分析与监测系统运转状况评价

为了掌握河北省麻疹的流行病学特点 ,对 2 0 0 1年麻疹监测系统运转情况进行了分析。全年共报告麻疹疑似病例 6 95例 ,临床诊断 73例 ,实验室确诊 2 76例 ,实验室排除 346例。根据分析结果 ,2 0 0 1年河北省麻疹的流行病学特征是 :春季高发 ;学龄前儿童和小学生为重点发病对象 ;18 6 %的报告病例无免疫史 ,4 7 9%免疫史不详。针对病例的地域和年龄分布 ,提出在 2 0 0 2年对重点地区和人群开展麻疹疫苗的后续强化免疫。分析相关年龄麻疹病例的免疫史 ,说明常规免疫工作存在一些问题 ,要着重提高麻疹疫苗接种的及时性和接种质量。一些监测指标 ,如报告及时率、病例调查率、标本采集率等有待提高。

Analysis of Measles Epidemiology and Evaluation on Works of Surveillance System in Hebei Province in 2001

This paper was to study the measles epidemiological characteristics in 2001 in Hebei Province and to monitor the running status of measles surveillance system.In 2001,a total of 695 suspected measles cases were reported in the province,of which 73 were clinically diagnosed,276 were laboratory identified and 346 were excluded by ELISA test,so the measles cases were 349.The results showed that measles was still a seasonal epidemic disease that most cases happened in spring.High proportions of measles cases were among preschool and primary school children.18.6% of the cases were not immunized and 47.9% without vaccination records.According to the regional and age distribution of measles cases,we suggested that,in 2002,a follow-up mass immunization campaign should be implemented in main areas and public.Analyzing the immune history of measles cases by age,there appeared problems in the routine immunization,suggestions about timeliness and quality of measles vaccination were given.Some indicators such as timeliness of reporting,visiting rate of measles cases,collecting rate of patients'specimens were all under the requirements,they should be improved a step further.