广州某中学学生常见伤害类型及其原因分析

目的 了解中学生常见的伤害种类和发生的详细情况，制定中学生伤害预防措施。方法 问卷调查广州某中学714名学生1年中的伤害发生情况。结果 714名学生的伤害发生率为46．5％，男、女生分别为45．2％和48．0％；伤害次数发生率为72．7％，男、女生分别为74．6和70．8％。按伤害次数发生率，常见的伤害种类依次是跌伤（26．2％）、车辆伤（12．7％）、碰伤（7．6％）、扭伤（6．65）、刀割伤（6．6％）和烧烫伤（2．8％）。跌伤和扭伤主要是由打球和跑步所致，车辆伤由骑自行车跌下所致，碰伤由碰撞到建筑物和家具所致，刀割伤和烧烫伤由做家务事所致。结论 中学生伤害的发生频率高，种类多，但有其分布特点和规律，是可以控制和预防的。

Types and Causes of Common Student Injuries in a Middle School

Objective To understand the types and causes of common injuries in middle school students and develop preventive measures for school injury control. Methods Annual injuries occurred among 714 students were surveyed by a questionnaire in a middle school in Guangzhou from May 1998 to May 1999. Results Among 714 students, the overall injury rate per 100 students was 46.5,and 45.2% of males and 48.0% of females were injured; the overall frequency of injuries was 72.7%, the injury frequency was 74.6% among males and 70.8% among females. The leading types of injuries were fall (26.2%), traffic accident (12.7%), collision (7.6%), sprain (6,6%), cut (6.6%) and burn (2.8%) according to the injury frequency. The causes of injuries: fall and sprain-related injuries were often resulted from playing balls and running, traffic accident-related injuries were mainly resulted from riding bike, cut and burn always occurred in doing the housework. Conclusions Injuries are common among middle school students, types of injuries are multiple, but they can be controlled and prevented.