内蒙古自治区不同生态系鼠疫自然疫源地动物鼠疫流行现状及流行风险简析

内蒙古面临着多种类型疫源地鼠疫流行和复燃的风险。蒙古旱獭疫源地虽然暂未在国内发现动物间鼠疫流行,但过去检出过阳性血清,同时蒙古旱獭种群数量持续增加且分布范围不断扩大,毗邻的蒙古国和俄罗斯联邦的蒙古旱獭疫源地动物间鼠疫持续流行;达乌尔黄鼠疫源地动物间鼠疫时隐时现;长爪沙鼠疫源地动物间鼠疫流行猛烈,并频频波及人间。由于蒙古旱獭和达乌尔黄鼠鼠疫耶尔森菌菌株毒力明显高于长爪沙鼠鼠疫耶尔森菌菌株,且在历史上曾给当地带来深重灾难,因此内蒙古自治区鼠疫防控重点应在常规鼠疫监测的基础上,进一步加强蒙古旱獭和达乌尔黄鼠疫源地流行动态的监测,警惕该两个疫源地复燃并波及人间。

Analysis on prevalence and epidemic risk of animal plague in different ecological plague foci in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

The risk of plague epidemics and relapse of various types of plague foci persists in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.For Marmota sibirica plague foci,the animal plague has not been found but antibody has been detected positive.Nowadays,Marmota sibirica has been increasing in population and distribution in China.In bordering countries Mongolia and Russia,the animal plague has been continuously prevalent.For Spermophilus dauricus plague foci,the animal plague has been taken place now and then.Compared to the above foci,the animal plague is most prevalent in Meriones unguiculatus plague foci and frequently spread to humans.Due to higher strain virulence and historical disaster in Marmota sibirica plague foci and Spermophilus dauricus plague foci,plague prevention and control should be strengthened on these foci.In addition to routine surveillance,epidemic dynamics need to be further monitored in these two foci,in order to prevent their relapse and spread to humans.