葛根素对绝经后骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢、骨密度及骨生物力学的影响

目的研究葛根素对绝经后骨质疏松大鼠骨代谢、骨密度及骨生物力学的影响,探讨中医药防治绝经后骨质疏松症(postmenopausal osteoporosis,PMOP)的作用机制。方法48只大鼠随机分为正常组、去卵巢组、骨化三醇组和葛根素组,12只/组,构建绝经后骨质疏松大鼠动物模型并给予不同药物干预8周,正常组和去卵巢组:5 mL/kg 0.9%NaCl,ih,qd;葛根素组:葛根素35 mg/kg,ih,qd;骨化三醇组:骨化三醇0.25μg,po,qd,连续给药6周。检测各组大鼠血清骨代谢指标、骨组织(BMD、BMC)和骨生物力学指标,SP法检测各组骨组织ER表达,HE观察骨组织形态学变化。结果去卵巢组大鼠血清骨代谢指标、腰椎和股骨BMD和BMC、股骨骨生物力学指标较正常组显著降低(P<0.05),骨化三醇组和葛根素组上述指标较去卵巢组均显著增高(P<0.05),葛根素组上述指标较骨化三醇组均增高(P<0.05)。去卵巢组大鼠骨组织ER蛋白表达较正常组显著降低(P<0.05),骨化三醇组和葛根素组ER蛋白表达较去卵巢组均显著增高(P<0.05),葛根素组ER蛋白表达较骨化三醇组均增高(P<0.05)。去卵巢组骨皮质明显变薄,骨小梁稀疏纤细或断裂,排列紊乱,髓腔明显扩大,造血细胞明显减少。葛根素组骨皮质结构较完整,骨小梁数目增多,致密均匀粗壮,连接成网状,髓腔变小,造血细胞增多。结论葛根素通过提高绝经后骨质疏松大鼠雌激素水平,调节骨代谢,提高骨量和骨密度,改善骨生物力学性能和骨形态学结构,起到抗PMOP的疗效和骨保护作用。

Effect of puerarin on bone metabolism, bone mineral density, and bone biomechanics in postmenopausal osteoporosis rats

Objective To observe and study the effect of puerarin on bone metabolism,bone mineral density(BMD),and bone biomechanics in postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP)rats,and to explore the mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine in preventing and treatment of PMOP.Methods Forty-eight rats were randomly divided into the normal group,ovariectomized group,calctriol group,and puerarin group,with 12 rats in each group.Rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis was established and rats received different drugs for 8 weeks.Rats in the normal group and ovariectomized group received 5 mL/kg of 0.9%NaCl,ih,qd.Rats in puerarin group received 35 mg/kg of puerarin,ih,qd.Rats in calcitriol group recieved 0.25μg of calcitriol,po,qd.Drug administration was continued for 6 weeks.Serum bone metabolism indexes,BMD,BMC,and bone biomechanical indexes of rats were detected in each group.ER expression in bone tissue of each group was detected with SP method.morphological changes of bone tissue was observed with HE staining.Results The serum bone metabolism indexes,BMD and BMC of the lumbar spine and femur,and femoral bone biomechanical indexes of the ovariectomized rats were significantly lower than those of rats in the normal group(P<0.05).The above indexes in the ovariectomized group and puerarin group were significantly higher than those in the ovariectomized group(P<0.05).The above indexes in puerarin group were higher than in the calcitriol group(P<0.05).The expression of ER protein in bone tissue in ovariectomized group was significantly lower than that in the normal group(P<0.05).ER protein expression in the calcitriol group and puerarin group was significantly higher than that in the ovariectomized group(P<0.05).The expression of ER protein in puerarin group was higher than in the calcitriol group(P<0.05).In the ovariectomized group,the bone cortex was significantly thinner,the bone trabeculae were sparse,thin,or fractured,the arrangement was disordered,the medullary cavity was significantly enlarged,and the hematopoietic cells were significantly reduced.The structure of bone cortex in puerarin group was relatively complete,the number of bone trabeculae increased,the bone was dense,even,and strong,connected into a network,the medullary cavity became smaller,and the hematopoietic cells increased.Conclusion Puerarin improves the estrogen level of postmenopausal osteoporosis rats,regulates bone metabolism,improves bone mass and bone mineral density,improves bone biomechanical properties and bone morphological structure,and plays an anti-PMOP effect and bone protection role.