新入院2型糖尿病病人糖尿病痛苦与自我管理行为的相关性研究

目的]调查新住院的2型糖尿病病人糖尿病痛苦与自我管理行为现状,并探讨两者的相关性。方法]采取便利抽样的方法抽取423例新住院的2型糖尿病病人,用中文版糖尿病痛苦量表、中文版糖尿病自我管理行为量表对其进行问卷调查。结果]423例2型糖尿病病人入院时自我管理行为总分为(39.63±3.43)分,各维度得分由高到低依次为药物、普通饮食、血糖监测、足部护理、运动、特殊饮食;61.9%的2型糖尿病病人存在中等以上糖尿病痛苦;病人糖尿病痛苦总分及各维度得分均与自我管理行为总分及足部护理得分呈负相关(P<0.01),糖尿病痛苦总分及情感负担、生活规律相关痛苦、医生相关痛苦得分均与血糖监测及药物得分呈负相关(P<0.01),糖尿病痛苦总分及情感负担、生活规律相关痛苦得分均与普通饮食得分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论]新住院2型糖尿病病人自我管理行为水平较差;糖尿病痛苦程度越低自我管理行为水平越高。临床医护人员应重视对病人进行糖尿病痛苦的筛查,及时进行个体化、系统性、针对性的干预,降低病人的糖尿病痛苦水平,促使其形成良好的自我管理行为,以利于血糖尽快达标。

Correlations on diabetes distress and self-management behaviors in new inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective:To investigate the status quo of diabetes distress and self-management behaviors in new inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to examine their correlations.Methods:A total of 423 new inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were selected by convenience sampling method.They were investigated by Chinese version of Diabetes Distress Scale(DDS)and Scale of the Diabetes Self-Care Activities(SDSCA).Results:The total score of self-management behaviors was(39.63±3.43),with the dimension scores in descending orders being medicine,general diet,blood glucose monitoring,foot care,sports,special diet.61.9%patients displayed moderate or more severe diabetes distress.The total DDS score and each dimension score were negatively correlated with the total SDSCA score and foot care score(P<0.01).The total DDS score,emotional distress,regimen-related distress and physician-related distress scores were negatively correlated with blood glucose monitoring and medicine scores(P<0.01).The total DDS score,emotional distress and regimen-related distress scores were negatively correlated with the general diet score(P<0.05).Conclusions:The self-management behaviors in new inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were at lower level.The lower diabetes distress level was,the higher self-management behaviors level was.Clinical medical staff should pay attention to the screening of patients′diabetes distress,timely individual,systematic and targeted intervention,reduce the level of patients′diabetes pain,promote the formation of good self-management behaviors,in order to achieve blood glucose standards as soon as possible.