定制化单侧膝关节假体设计与快速制造方法研究

目前人工假体的制造还难以达到个体适配化，尤其是带有关节面的半关节，能否与对侧正常关节软骨完全匹配是决定手术治疗成败的关键。本文以临床影像学资料为数据源，应用逆向工程和快速原型技术相结合制作出与人体膝关节面形状完全相匹配的人工假体原型，而后利用传统的制作工艺完成假体关节面及其连接结构的最终成型。结合异体骨移植术，将该项研究结果成功地用于股骨下段肿瘤患者，临床资料显示该假体能够与患者对侧关节面良好匹配，患者关节功能恢复较理想。该方法可实现替换关节面和对侧面的匹配，而且假体制造的周期短、成本低，可实现个体定制化，为探索半关节置换及临床提供了制造方面的技术保障。

Design and Rapid Fabrication of Custom-made Unilateral Knee Joint Prosthesis

At present,the fabrication of prosthesis can not meet requirement of individual matching,especially for semi prosthesis with artifical surface.The bottleneck of the operation lies in whether the artificial prosthesis can completely match the contralateral normal cartilage or not.A new process based on rapid prototyping and reserve engineering from CT image is proposed,with which can be rapidly fabricated the artificial implant prototype with the same shape of the knee joint of the patient.All the next processes are based on the traditional manufacturing technologies.A custom made knee joint prosthesis was put into clinical use in combination with skeletal allograft.Result shown that this method can realize the matching between the replaced knee joint and contralateral joint surface.The fabrication period is shorter and the cost is less.