持续开展健康社区创建活动对居民健康生活方式知信行的影响

目的调查2011~2013年深圳市南山区某健康社区居民健康生活方式知信行情况,评价健康社区创建对居民健康生活方式知信行的干预效果。方法对2011~2013年南山区某社区居民持续开展全民健康生活方式健康社区创建活动,采取单纯随机抽样方法 ,分别在创建前、2011年末、2012年末和2013年末抽取该社区常住居民进行问卷调查,内容包括健康生活方式相关知识、合理膳食知信行、运动以及吸烟情况。结果 2011~2013年开展的4次问卷调查结果表明,每次选取的调查人群在年龄、性别和文化程度等人口学特征上具有均衡可比性（P〉0.01）,居民健康生活方式知识知晓率呈逐年上升的趋势（P〈0.01）,特别是＂全民健康生活方式日＂知晓率从基线调查时的19.36%上升到了2012年的92.55%（P〈0.01）;居民合理膳食知信行情况也呈逐年上升趋势（P〈0.01）,尤其是每日合理摄入盐和油的比率从基线调查时的21.41%、20.96%分别提高到了88.91%和79.20%（P〈0.01）;居民对于＂身体活动定义＂和＂日行一万步＂的知晓率分别从基线调查时的50.96%、56.15%提升到了84.58%和83.36%（P〈0.01）;居民主动吸烟率和被动吸烟率分别从基线调查时的33.45%、85.10%下降到25.08%和69.74%（P〈0.01）。结论全民健康生活方式健康社区创建活动持续开展有助于改善社区居民健康生活方式的知识、信念和行为。

Impact of continued demonstration community activity on healthy lifestyle knowledge,attitude and practice among inhabitants

Objective To investigate the healthy lifestyle knowledge, attitude and practice （KAP） among healthy com- munities in Nanshan District of Shenzhen from 2011 to 2013 and evaluate the intervention effect of healthy community. Methods The continued demonstration community activities were carried out from 2011 to 2013. Then simple random sampling method was used to choose inhabitants to conduct on-site questionnaires about health lifestyle knowledge, rational diet, reasonable exercise and smoking once at the end of 2011, 2012, 2013, and baseline survey before demonstration community activity. Results The age, gender and education of the four times groups were comparable （P〉 0.01）. The KAP rate of healthy lifestyle, rational diet and reasonable exercise showed a rising trend, especially that of National health lifestyle day raised from 19.36% to 92.55% （P 〈 0.01）, that of reasonable daily intake of salt and oil raised from 21.41%, 20.96% to 88.91%, 79.20% respectively （P 〈 0.01）, that of physical activity and on the ten thousand steps raised from 50.96%, 56.15% to 84.58%, 83.36% （P 〈 0.01）. The rate of active smoking and passive smoking decline from 33.45%, 85.10% in baseline survey to 25.08%, 69.74% in 2013 （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion The continued demonstration community activities have contributed to improve healthy lifestyle KAP among inhabitants.