基于制马钱子在大鼠体内药动学行为的蓄积可能性研究

目的研究临床剂量下制马钱子在大鼠体内多次给药的药动学过程及各组织脏器中的含量,探讨马钱子在体内蓄积的可能性。方法大鼠分别单次、多次ig给予制马钱子,采用UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS法测定大鼠血浆和组织中马钱子碱和士的宁的血药浓度,比较不同给药次数下2种成分的药动学和组织分布差异,探讨其在体内是否存在蓄积。结果制马钱子单次给药后,马钱子碱和士的宁的主要药动学参数半衰期(t_(1/2))为10.59、8.39 h,达峰时间(t_(max))为0.77、0.64 h,t_(1/2Ka)为5.38、2.63 h,峰浓度(C_(max))为2.97、10.83 ng/L,药时曲线下面积(AUC_(0～t))为87.36、172.24 ng·h/L,药物消除率(CL/F)为40 637.08、38 370.26 L/(h·kg);制马钱子中马钱子碱与士的宁的血药浓度在大鼠给药3 d后达到稳态。末次给药后,制马钱子中马钱子碱和士的宁的主要药动学参数分别为:t_(1/2)为7.07、4.75 h,t_(max)为0.48、0.46 h,t_(1/2Ka)为3.23、1.09 h,C_(max)为5.77、34.83 ng/L,AUC_(0～t)为32.80、107.86 ng·h/L,CL/F为75 920.52、43 871.54 L/(h·kg)。与单次给药比较,马钱子碱和士的宁在多次给药后,肝、肾组织中的含量明显减少,其他组织无明显变化。结论制马钱子中马钱子碱与士的宁在大鼠体内单次、多次给药的药动学过程均符合一室模型,体内血药浓度变化过程趋势基本一致。两者在大鼠体内具有吸收速度快的药动学特征。给药3 d后,马钱子碱与士的宁血药浓度达到稳态,并未出现随着给药次数的增加,血药浓度持续增加的现象。单次和多次给药后的各组织含量并未增高。提示在安全给药剂量下,多次给予制马钱子,不会引起马钱子碱与士的宁在大鼠体内血药浓度的持续叠加升高,导致中毒现象的发生。

Pharmacokinetic study of procesed Strychni Semen in normal rats

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of procesed Strychni Semen in rats after multiple administration at clinical dose. Methods The rats were given procesed Strychni Semen by intragastric administration for single and several times. The plasma concentrations of brucine and strychnine in plasma and tissues of rats were determined by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS method, and the organizational distribution differences were compared to explore whether there was accumulation in the body. Results After single intragastric administration of procesed Strychni Semen, the main pharmacokinetic parameters of brucine and strychnine were as follow:t_1/2 was 10.59 and 8.39 h, t_max was 0.77 and 0.64 h, t_1/2Ka was 5.38 and 2.63 h, C_max was 2.97 and 10.83 ng/L, AUC_0-t was 87.36 and 172.24 ng∙h/L, CL/F was 40 637.08 and 38 370.26 L/(h∙kg); Brucine and strychnine in processed Strychni Semen reached a steady state after 3 d of administration in rats. After the last administration, the main pharmacokinetic parameters of brucine and strychnine in rats were as follow:t_1/2 was 7.07 and 4.75 h, t_max was 0.48 and 0.46 h, t_1/2Ka was 3.23 and 1.09 h, C_max is 5.77 and 34.83 ng/L, AUC_0-t was 32.80 and 107.86 ng∙h/L, and CL/F was 75 920.52 and 43 871.54 L/(h∙kg). Compared with the single administration, the content of brucine and strychnine in the liver and kidney tissues was significantly reduced after multiple administrations, and there was no significant change in other tissues. Conclusion The pharmacokinetics of brucine and strychnine in healthy rats is consistent with one-compartment model. Both of them have the pharmacokinetic characteristics of fast absorption in rats.After 3 d of administration, the serum concentrations of brucine and strychnine reached steady state, and the blood concentration was increased continuously with the increase of administration times. The content of each tissue did not increase after single and multiple administrations. It is suggested that long-term administration of brucine and strychnine will not cause the superposition of the concentration of brucine and strychnine in the blood of rats, which may lead to the occurrence of poisoning.