Pilon骨折的解剖四柱理论与临床治疗的关系

目的 探讨Pilon骨折解剖四柱理论指导内固定治疗的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析2005年3月至2009年6月收治的91例Pilon骨折患者的临床资料(共94处Plion骨折,3例患者为双侧骨折).根据影像学表现出的病理解剖特点及受伤机制,将胫、腓骨干骺端按形态分为四柱:骨折发生时累及外侧柱67处,后柱34处,内侧柱65处,前柱37处;其中单柱损伤20处,双柱损伤49处,三柱损伤15处,四柱损伤10处.骨折复位固定术后的影像学评价采用Burwell和Charley评估标准;踝关节功能评价采用美国足踝外科医师协会(AOFAS)踝-后足评分系统.结果 89例患者获得随访,随访时间6.0～39.0个月,平均16.2个月.骨折愈合时间3.0～5.0个月,平均3..7个月.术后随访复位固定情况:Burwell和Charley的影像学评估标准:复位优良率达到91%;术后随访踝关节功能AOFAS踝-后足评分:优良率达到87.6%.结论 Pilon骨折四柱分型是一种既简单又全面的分型理论,有助于选择理想的治疗策略和获得良好的临床疗效.

New strategy for decision making of Pilon fracture

Objective To study the guidance of four column theory in decision making of Pilon fractures and its result. Methods Ninety-one eases of Pilon fractures classified by four column method and treated by open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) were reviewed from March 2005 to June 2009. Four column classification:lateral column of 67 cases were involved, posterior column of 34 cases were involved, medial column of 34 cases were involved and anterior column of 34 eases were involved. Among all the 94 fractures, single column of 20 fractures were involved, 2 columns of 49 fractures were involved, 3 columns of 15 fractures were involved and all of 4 columns of 10 fractures were involved. Results Eighty-nine cases had been followed up. The average follow-up time was 16. 2 months ranging between 6. 0 and 39. 0 months. The average healing time was 3.7 months ranging from 3.0 to 5.0 months. Reduction of 91% reviewed Pilon cases were good or acceptable according to Burwell and Charley's radiology evaluation system. Ankle function of 87.6% eases were excellent or good according to AOFAS evaluation system. Conclusion As a simple and comprehensive classification, four column classification can contribute to reasonable operating decision making and good prognosis of Pilon fracture.