衢州市乙型肝炎血清流行病学调查

目的为掌握衢州市乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)流行现状和人群免疫水平,评价我市儿童乙肝疫苗预防接种效果,为制订乙肝预防控制策略提供依据。方法按照多阶段随机抽样的方法抽取1~59岁自然人群623人,进行问卷调查,采集静脉血3mL,应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测HBV血清学指标。结果衢州市1~59岁人群HBsAg阳性率、抗-HBs阳性率和抗-HBc阳性率分别为5.78%、46.23%和24.56%;1~14岁人群HBsAg阳性率和抗-HBc阳性率低于15~59岁人群。1~4岁、5~9岁和10~14岁人群乙肝疫苗全程接种率为96.61%、97.30%和91.46%;首针及时接种率分别为91.53%、72.97%和34.15%;有乙肝疫苗免疫史人群HBsAg阳性率(0.89%)低于无乙肝疫苗免疫史人群(11.64%)。结论衢州市人群HBsAg阳性率特别是15岁以下年龄组已控制在较低水平,乙肝疫苗的广泛接种取得明显成效,但15~59岁人群HBsAg阳性率仍处于较高水平。

The Seroepidemiological Survey of HBV in Quzhou City

Objective To understand the prevalent status of Hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection and immunity level in population, and then to evaluate vaccination effect and provide scientific evidence for establishing prevention and control strategy for HBV epidemic in Quzhou city. Methods 623 people aged from 1 - 59 years old were selected by Multi - stage cluster sampling method randomly. ELISA methods were used to test the HBsAg, HBsAb, HBcAb, HbeAg and HbeAb, and relevant risk factors were investigated through questionnaire. Results The positive rates of HBsAg, Anti - HBs and Anti - HBc among the subjects were 5.78%, 46.23% and 24. 56%, respectively. The HBsAg positive rate in 1 - 14 years children was lower than those in 15 -59 years people. The entire vaccination rates for HBV in 1 - 3, 4 - 10 and 11 - 14 years people were 96.61%, 97.30% and 91.46%, respectively. The timely rate of the first vaccination was 91.53%, 72. 97% and 34. 15% among the 1 - 3, 4 - 10 and 11 - 14 years people, respectively. The HBsAg positive rate in the subjects with hepatitis B vaccination history was 0. 89%, lower than those with no hepatitis B vaccination history. Conclusion The positive rate of HbsAg among the population in Quzhou City was low, especially in the people under 15 years , but it still remains high among the people aged 15 -59 years.