喀什地区疏附县维吾尔族人群血脂异常率及相关危险因素分析

目的 了解南疆喀什地区疏附县维吾尔族人群血脂异常分布情况及其影响因素，为该人群血脂异常的防控提供参考依据。 方法 采用整群随机抽样方法，对该地区≥18岁的维吾尔族常住居民进行调查，主要包括问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测。 分析该人群血脂异常的分布特点，并采用多因素非条件logistic回归分析血脂异常的影响因素。 结果 共纳入研究对象4 504人，该人群总血脂异常患病率为50.84%，低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）血症患病率为46.65%，其次为高甘油三酯（TG）血症（12.79%），高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）血症（3.46%），高总胆固醇（TC）血症患病率最低，为1.18%，年龄标化率分别为49.41%、45.87%、11.47%、2.98%和0.95%。 多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示，男性发生血脂异常的风险是女性的1.56倍（OR＝2.56，95%CI:2.22 ~ 2.95），超重（男:OR＝1.52，95%CI:1.16 ~ 1.98；女:OR＝1.55，95%CI:1.27 ~ 1.89）、肥胖（男:OR＝3.15，95%CI:2.16 ~ 4.61；女:OR＝2.09，95%CI:1.69 ~ 2.60）、腹型肥胖（男:OR＝2.01，95%CI:1.53 ~ 2.65；女:OR＝1.78，95%CI:1.43 ~ 2.22）及女性糖尿病（OR＝1.64，95%CI:1.27 ~ 2.12）人群血脂异常的患病风险增加。 与女性体质指数（BMI）＜24 kg/m2相比，男、女性超重、肥胖者血脂异常患病率随BMI逐渐增加（χ2＝384.69，P＜0.001），男性超重（OR＝5.55，95%CI:4.03 ~ 7.63）、肥胖（OR＝11.77，95%CI:7.94 ~ 17.45）使血脂异常的患病风险增加更为显著（P_交互＝0.030），且该人群低HDL-C血症的患病风险也显著增加（P_交互＝0.039）。 结论 该地区维吾尔族人群血脂异常患病率处于较高水平，以低HDL-C血症为主。 体质指数与性别间对于血脂异常及低HDL-C血症患病率增加具有显著协同作用。 应重点关注超重、肥胖、腹型肥胖者，特别是男性超重、肥胖人群的血脂控制。

Analysis of prevalence of dyslipidemia and related risk factors in Uygur adults in Kashgar of South Xinjiang

To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and related risk factors in Uygur adults in Kashgar of South Xinjiang. Methods Through cluster random sampling, Uygur adults aged ≥18 years were selected for analysis. Questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory detection were conducted for each participant. The population distribution of dyslipidemia was described, and risk factors were explored using non-conditional logistic regression analysis. Results Finally, 4 504 eligible participants were included in our analysis. The total prevalence of dyslipidemia was 50.84%, the prevalence of low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was 46.65%, the prevalence of high triglyceride (TG) was 12.79%, the prevalence of high low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was 3.46% and the prevalence of high total cholesterol (TC) was 1.18%. The age-adjusted prevalence was 49.41%, 45.87%, 11.47%, 2.98% and 0.95%. The results of multivariable non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that compared with females, males had 1.56 times higher risk of dyslipidemia (OR＝2.56, 95% CI: 2.22–2.95). Overweight (male:OR＝1.52, 95% CI:1.16–1.98; female:OR＝1.55, 95%CI:1.27–1.89), obesity (male:OR＝3.15, 95% CI:2.16–4.61; female:OR＝2.09, 95%CI:1.69–2.60), abdominal obesity (male:OR＝2.01, 95% CI:1.53–2.65; female:OR＝1.78, 95% CI:1.43–2.22）and diabetes in females (OR＝1.64, 95% CI:1.27–2.12) were the risk factors for dyslipidemia. Compared with the women with normal weight (BMI ＜24 kg/m2), the prevalence of dyslipidemia increased with the increase of BMI in both men and women (χ2＝384.69, P＜0.001). Overweight men (OR＝5.55, 95%CI: 4.03–7.63) and the obese men (OR＝11.77, 95% CI: 7.94–17.45) had higher risk for dyslipidemia (P _interaction ＝ 0.030), and the prevalence of low HDL-C also increased significantly (P_interaction＝0.039). Conclusion prevalence of dyslipidemia in Uygur adults in Kashgar was at relatively high level, especially low HDL-C. Synergic effect between BMI and gender had significant influence on prevalence of dyslipidemia and low HDL-C. More attention should be paid to overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity, especially blood the lipid control in overweight and obese males.